Calcium citrate

WikiDoc Resources for Calcium citrate
Articles
Most recent articles on Calcium citrate Most cited articles on Calcium citrate Review articles on Calcium citrate Articles on Calcium citrate in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ
Media
Powerpoint slides on Calcium citrate Images of Calcium citrate Photos of Calcium citrate Podcasts & MP3s on Calcium citrate Videos on Calcium citrate
Evidence Based Medicine
Cochrane Collaboration on Calcium citrate Bandolier on Calcium citrate TRIP on Calcium citrate
Clinical Trials
Ongoing Trials on Calcium citrate at Clinical Trials.gov Trial results on Calcium citrate Clinical Trials on Calcium citrate at Google
Guidelines / Policies / Govt
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Calcium citrate NICE Guidance on Calcium citrate NHS PRODIGY Guidance FDA on Calcium citrate CDC on Calcium citrate
Books
Books on Calcium citrate
News
Calcium citrate in the news Be alerted to news on Calcium citrate News trends on Calcium citrate
Commentary
Blogs on Calcium citrate
Definitions
Definitions of Calcium citrate
Patient Resources / Community
Patient resources on Calcium citrate Discussion groups on Calcium citrate Patient Handouts on Calcium citrate Directions to Hospitals Treating Calcium citrate Risk calculators and risk factors for Calcium citrate
Healthcare Provider Resources
Symptoms of Calcium citrate Causes & Risk Factors for Calcium citrate Diagnostic studies for Calcium citrate Treatment of Calcium citrate
Continuing Medical Education (CME)
CME Programs on Calcium citrate
International
Calcium citrate en Espanol Calcium citrate en Francais
Business
Calcium citrate in the Marketplace Patents on Calcium citrate
Experimental / Informatics
List of terms related to Calcium citrate

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Calcium citrate is the calcium salt of citric acid. It is commonly used as a food additive (E333), usually as a preservative, but sometimes for flavor. In this sense, it is similar to sodium citrate. Calcium citrate is also used as a water softener because the citrate ions can chelate unwanted metal ions. Calcium citrate is also found in some dietary calcium supplements.

Chemical properties

Like citric acid, calcium citrate has a sour taste. Like other salts, however, it also has a salty taste. For this reason, citrates such as sodium and calcium citrate are commonly known as sour salt.

Production

Calcium citrate is an intermediate in the isolation of citric acid from the fermentation process by which citric acid is produced industrially. The citric acid in the broth solution is neutralized by calcium hydroxide, precipitating insoluble calcium citrate. This is then filtered off from the rest of the broth and washed to give clean calcium citrate.

The calcium citrate thus produced may be sold as-is, or it may be converted to citric acid using dilute sulfuric acid.

Biological role

Calcium citrate supplements may increase aluminum toxicity. Patients with renal disease are at an increased risk of toxicity.

Bioavailability is 2.5 times higher than calcium carbonate. For this reason, patients who have undergone the Roux-en-Y variety of weight-loss surgery (also known as gastric bypass) are usually instructed to take calcium citrate as a dietary supplement.

References

Template:WikiDoc Sources