Persistent motor or vocal tic disorder

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List of terms related to Persistent motor or vocal tic disorder

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kiran Singh, M.D. [2]

Overview

Persistent (chronic) motor or vocal tic disorder is characterized by single or multiple motor or vocal tics that wax and wane in frequency for at least 1 year.

Diagnostic Criteria

DSM-V Diagnostic Criteria for Persistent (Chronic) Motor or Vocal Tic Disorder

“

A. Single or multiple motor or vocal tics have been present during the illness, but not both motor and vocal. AND B. The tics may wax and wane in frequency but have persisted for more than 1 year since first tic onset. AND C. Onset is before age 18 years. AND D. The disturbance is not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance (e.g., cocaine) or another medical condition (e.g., Huntington’s disease, post viral encephalitis). AND E. Criteria have never been met for Tourette’s disorder. Specify if: With motor tics only With vocal tics only

”

Natural History,Prognosis and Complications

Prognosis

• Poor prognostic factors include:

• Anxiety
• Excitement
• Exhaustion
• Lower birth weight
• Maternal smoking during pregnancy
• Obstetrical complications
• Older paternal age
• Stressful/exciting events

Differential Diagnosis

• Abnormal movements that may accompany other medical conditions and stereotypic movement disorder

• Finger wiggling
• Repetitive hand waving/rotating,arm flapping

• Myoclonus
• Obsessive-compulsive and related disorders
• Substance-induced and paroxysmal dyskinesias

• Choreoathetoid movements
• Dystonic movement

References

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