Actinomycin
| File:Actinomycin.png | |
| Clinical data | |
|---|---|
| ATC code | |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Protein binding | 5% |
| Elimination half-life | 36 hours |
| Identifiers | |
| |
| CAS Number | |
| PubChem CID | |
| DrugBank | |
| E number | {{#property:P628}} |
| ECHA InfoCard | {{#property:P2566}}Lua error in Module:EditAtWikidata at line 36: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C62H86N12O16 |
| Molar mass | 1255.42 g/mol |
|
WikiDoc Resources for Actinomycin |
|
Articles |
|---|
|
Most recent articles on Actinomycin Most cited articles on Actinomycin |
|
Media |
|
Powerpoint slides on Actinomycin |
|
Evidence Based Medicine |
|
Clinical Trials |
|
Ongoing Trials on Actinomycin at Clinical Trials.gov Clinical Trials on Actinomycin at Google
|
|
Guidelines / Policies / Govt |
|
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Actinomycin
|
|
Books |
|
News |
|
Commentary |
|
Definitions |
|
Patient Resources / Community |
|
Patient resources on Actinomycin Discussion groups on Actinomycin Patient Handouts on Actinomycin Directions to Hospitals Treating Actinomycin Risk calculators and risk factors for Actinomycin
|
|
Healthcare Provider Resources |
|
Causes & Risk Factors for Actinomycin |
|
Continuing Medical Education (CME) |
|
International |
|
|
|
Business |
|
Experimental / Informatics |
Actinomycin is any of a class of polypeptide antibiotics isolated from soil bacteria of the genus Streptomyces.
Mechanism
Actinomycin-D is primarily used as an investigative tool in cell biology to inhibit transcription. It does this by binding DNA at the transcription initiation complex and preventing elongation by RNA polymerase.[1]
As it can bind DNA duplexes, it can also interfere with DNA replication, although other chemicals such as hydroxyurea are better suited for use in the laboratory as inhibitors of DNA synthesis.
Clinical use
As chemotherapy
Actinomycin-D is marketed under the trade name Dactinomycin. Actinomycin-D is one of the older chemotherapy drugs which has been used in therapy for many years.
It is a clear, yellow liquid which is administered intravenously and most commonly used in treatment of a variety of cancers, including:
As an antibiotic
It was the first antibiotic shown to have anti-cancer activity, but is not normally used as such, as it is highly toxic, causing damage to genetic material.
It was the first antibiotic ever isolated by Selman Waksman.
Research use
Actinomycin-D and its fluorescent derivative, 7-amino-actinomycin D, are used as stains in microscopy and flow cytometry applications. The affinity of these stains compounds for GC-rich regions of DNA strands makes them excellent markers for DNA.
7-amino-actinomycin D (7aad) is used as a DNA stain .7aad binds to single stranded DNA. Therefore it is a useful tool in determining apoptosis and distinguishing between dead cells and live ones. (Source)
References
- ↑ Sobell H (1985). "Actinomycin and DNA transcription". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 82 (16): 5328–31. PMID 2410919.
- ↑ Turan T, Karacay O, Tulunay G, Boran N, Koc S, Bozok S, Kose M. "Results with EMA/CO (etoposide, methotrexate, actinomycin D, cyclophosphamide, vincristine) chemotherapy in gestational trophoblastic neoplasia". Int J Gynecol Cancer. 16 (3): 1432–8. PMID 16803542.
- ↑ Abd El-Aal H, Habib E, Mishrif M (2005). "Wilms' Tumor: The Experience of the Pediatric Unit of Kasr El-Aini Center of Radiation Oncology and Nuclear Medicine (NEMROCK)". J Egypt Natl Canc Inst. 17 (4): 308–11. PMID 17102824.
- ↑ Khatua S, Nair C, Ghosh K (2004). "Immune-mediated thrombocytopenia following dactinomycin therapy in a child with alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma: the unresolved issues". J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 26 (11): 777–9. PMID 15543019.
External links
- Pages with script errors
- CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list
- Pages with broken file links
- E number from Wikidata
- ECHA InfoCard ID from Wikidata
- Articles without EBI source
- Chemical pages without ChemSpiderID
- Articles without KEGG source
- Articles without InChI source
- Articles without UNII source
- Drugs with no legal status
- Articles containing unverified chemical infoboxes
- Polypeptide antibiotics
- Chemotherapeutic agents