Pemoline

Pemoline

Clinical data
Pregnancy category	B U.S.
Routes of administration	Oral
ATC code	N06BA05 (WHO)
Legal status
Legal status	Schedule IV (United States) Schedule IV (Canada) Lista II (Argentina)
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	50% bound to plasma proteins
Metabolism	Hepatic
Elimination half-life	12 hours
Excretion	?
Identifiers
IUPAC name 2-amino-5-phenyl-1,3-oxazol-4-one
CAS Number	2152-34-3
PubChem CID	159765
DrugBank	APRD01169
E number	{{#property:P628}}
ECHA InfoCard	{{#property:P2566}}
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C9H8N2O2
Molar mass	176.172 g/mol

WikiDoc Resources for Pemoline
Articles
Most recent articles on Pemoline Most cited articles on Pemoline Review articles on Pemoline Articles on Pemoline in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ
Media
Powerpoint slides on Pemoline Images of Pemoline Photos of Pemoline Podcasts & MP3s on Pemoline Videos on Pemoline
Evidence Based Medicine
Cochrane Collaboration on Pemoline Bandolier on Pemoline TRIP on Pemoline
Clinical Trials
Ongoing Trials on Pemoline at Clinical Trials.gov Trial results on Pemoline Clinical Trials on Pemoline at Google
Guidelines / Policies / Govt
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Pemoline NICE Guidance on Pemoline NHS PRODIGY Guidance FDA on Pemoline CDC on Pemoline
Books
Books on Pemoline
News
Pemoline in the news Be alerted to news on Pemoline News trends on Pemoline
Commentary
Blogs on Pemoline
Definitions
Definitions of Pemoline
Patient Resources / Community
Patient resources on Pemoline Discussion groups on Pemoline Patient Handouts on Pemoline Directions to Hospitals Treating Pemoline Risk calculators and risk factors for Pemoline
Healthcare Provider Resources
Symptoms of Pemoline Causes & Risk Factors for Pemoline Diagnostic studies for Pemoline Treatment of Pemoline
Continuing Medical Education (CME)
CME Programs on Pemoline
International
Pemoline en Espanol Pemoline en Francais
Business
Pemoline in the Marketplace Patents on Pemoline
Experimental / Informatics
List of terms related to Pemoline

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Pemoline (sold as Cylert) is a medication used to treat attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy. Under the Convention on Psychotropic Substances, it is a Schedule IV drug.

Pemoline has some advantages over other stimulants in that it does not reduce the appetite or cause dry mouth.

Hepatotoxicity and discontinuation

In some patients Pemoline is suspected of causing hepatotoxicity, so regular liver tests are performed on those treated with it. Since receiving FDA approval in 1975, it has been linked with 21 cases of liver failure, of which 13 resulted in liver replacement or death. In 2005, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) withdrew approval for pemoline due to pressure from certain public advocacy groups, including Public Citizen. The patient support group "Narcolepsy Network" tried to persuade the FDA not to ban it, on the grounds that some patients find all other treatments ineffective or to have debilitating side effects. The medication was used by an estimated 10,000 Americans afflicted with narcolepsy. A more potent analogue of pemoline, 4-methylaminorex has appeared as a black market drug with abuse potential similar to methamphetamine.

In March 2005, Abbott Laboratories (Cylert marketer) had discontinued the production of Cylert arguing economic reasons.

See also

• Fenozolone

External links

• Pemoline monograph at HealthyPlace.com
• AScribe Newswire press release about the withdrawal.
• Pemoline (patient information)
• Cylert Discontinued Press Release