Cytotoxicity
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Definition
Cytotoxicity is the quality of being toxic to cells.
Toxic agents
Examples of toxic agents are a chemical substance or an immune cell.
Ways to measure cytotoxicity
Cytotoxicity can be measured by the MTT assay, Trypan blue (TB) assay, Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay, WST assay and clonogenic assay.
Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity
Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) describes the cell-killing ability of certain lymphocytes, which requires the target cell being marked by an antibody.
Lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity and Complement-dependent cytotoxicity
Lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity, on the other hand, does not have to be mediated by antibodies; nor does complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), which is mediated by the complement system.
Cytotoxic lymphocytes
Three groups of cytotoxic lymphocytes are distinguished:
External links
- Cytotoxins at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)