Encephalopathy classification
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Encephalopathy |
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Encephalopathy classification On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Encephalopathy classification |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Encephalopathy classification |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Govindavarjhulla, M.B.B.S. [2]
Overview
Encephalopathy can be classified based upon the underlying pathophysiology.
Classification
There are many types of encephalopathy.
- Hepatic encephalopathy - Arising from advanced cirrhosis of the liver
- Hypoxic encephalopathy - Permanent or transitory encephalopathy arising from severely reduced oxygen delivery to the brain
- Wernicke's encephalopathy - Arising from thiamine deficiency, usually in the setting of alcoholism
- Hashimoto's encephalopathy - Arising from an auto-immune disorder
- Hypertensive encephalopathy - Arising from acutely increased blood pressure
- Metabolic encephalopathy
- Toxic Metabolic encephalopathy - A catch-all for brain dysfunction caused by infection, organ failure, or intoxication.
- Uremic encephalopathy - Arising from high levels of toxins normally cleared by the kidneys -- rare where dialysis is readily available
- Mitochondrial encephalopathy - Metabolic disorder caused by dysfunction of mitochondrial DNA. It can affect many body systems, particularly the brain and nervous system.
- Glycine encephalopathy - A pediatric metabolic disorder
- Static encephalopathy - Unchanging, or permanent, brain damage
- Transmissible spongiform encephalopathy - A collection of diseases all caused by prions, and characterized by "spongy" brain tissue (riddled with holes), impaired locomotion or coordination, and a high fatality rate. It includes bovine spongiform encephalopathy (mad cow disease), scrapie, and kuru among others.
- HIV encephalopathy - Neurological manifestation of AIDS, seen in terminally ill patients