Epichlorohydrin

Template:Chembox header| Epichlorohydrin
Epichlorohydrin Ball-and-stick model of the epichlorohydrin molecule
Chemical name	chloromethyloxirane
Other names	epichlorohydrin 1-chloro-2,3-epoxypropane γ-chloropropylene oxide glycidyl chloride
Chemical formula	C3H5ClO
Molecular mass	92.52 g/mol
CAS number	[106-89-8]
Density	1.1812 g/cm3
Melting point	-25.6 °C
Boiling point	117.9 °C
SMILES	C1C2(O1)C2Cl
NFPA 704	Template:NFPA 704
Template:Chembox header | Disclaimer and references

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Overview

Epichlorohydrin is reactive organic compound. It is an epoxide and an organochloride. It is a colorless liquid with a pungent, garlic-like odor that is insoluble in water, but miscible with most polar organic solvents. Epichlorohydrin is a highly reactive compound and will polymerize upon treatment with acid or strong base.

Epichlorohydrin is manufactured from propylene through the intermediacy of allyl chloride. A major industrial use of epichlorohydrin has been in the production of glycerin, though this application has become less attractive as the price of glycerine has fallen. Indeed, at least three companies have announced plans to convert glycerine to epicholorohydrin. "Epi" is also used as a building block in the manufacture of plastics, epoxy resins, phenoxy resins and other polymers. It used as a solvent for cellulose, resins and paints and it has found use as an insect fumigant.

Epichlorohydrin is a precursor to glycidyl nitrate, an energetic binder used in explosive and propellant compositions. The epichlorohydrin is reacted with an alkali nitrate, such as sodium nitrate, producing gylcydyl nitrate and alkali chloride.

Epichlorohydrin is flammable, toxic and carcinogenic.

References

• Merck Index, 12th Edition, 3648.
• Fact sheet for epichlorohydrin
• Gould, R.F.; Advanced Propellant Chemistry; ACS Chemistry Series 54; 1966

External links

• EPA consumer factsheet
• MSDS for epichlorohydrin