Hepatitis G
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
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Hepatitis G and GB virus C (GBV-C) are RNA viruses that were independently identified in 1995, and were subsequently found to be two isolates of the same virus. (GB-A and GB-B are probably Tamarin viruses, while GB-C infects humans.)[1]
Although GBV-C was initially thought to be associated with chronic hepatitis, extensive investigation failed to identify any association between this virus and any clinical illness.
GBV-C is, phylogenetically, closely related to hepatitis C virus, but appears to replicate primarily in lymphocytes, and poorly if at all in hepatocytes.
The majority of immune-competent individuals appear to clear GBV-C viraemia within the first few years following infection and although the time interval between GBV-C infection and clearance of viraemia (detection of GBV-C RNA in plasma) is not known, infection may persist for decades in some individuals.
Approximately 2% of healthy US blood donors are viraemic with GBV-C, and up to 13% of blood donors have antibodies to E2 protein, indicating prior infection.
Parenteral, sexual and vertical transmission of GBV-C have all been documented, and because of shared modes of transmission, individuals infected with HIV are commonly co-infected with GBV-C. Among people with HIV infection, the prevalence of GBV-C viraemia ranges from 14 to 43%.[2]
Some studies have suggested that co-infection with HGV will actually slow the progression of Hepatitis C and HIV.[3]
References
- ↑ Hepatitis Central
- ↑ George SL, Varmaz D, Stapleton JT (2006). "GB virus C replicates in primary T and B lymphocytes". J. Infect. Dis. 193 (3): 451–4. doi:10.1086/499435. PMID 16388494.
- ↑ "Blackwell Synergy - HIV Med, Volume 7 Issue 3 Page 173-180, April 2006 (Article Abstract)". Retrieved 2007-11-03.
External links
- Hepatitis G described by Dr. Joseph Smith-dead link replaced with Internet Archive link
- Hepatitis Central
- HIV Medicine
- The Journal of Infectious Diseases