Skin and soft-tissue infections
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Alejandro Lemor, M.D. [2]
Please click on the specific skin and soft-tissue infections below for further information.
| Anatomic Layers of the Skin | Condition | Definition† | Image | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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Epidermis | Impetigo | Superficial pyogenic infection of the skin which usually begins as vesicles with a very thin, fragile roof consisting only of stratum corneum. | 
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Dermis | Erysipelas | Infection of the upper dermis including the superficial lymphatics which typically presents as an indurated, "peau d’orange" lesion with a raised border that is demarcated from uninvolved skin. | 
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| Folliculitis | Inflammation and/or infection of the hair follicle in which suppuration presents in the epidermis. | 
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| Furuncle (Boil) |
Infection of the hair follicle in which suppuration extends through the dermis into the subcutaneous tissue. Each lesion consists of a deep-seated inflammatory nodule and an overlying pustule through which hair emerges. | 
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| Carbuncle | Infection of several adjacent hair follicles, producing a coalescent inflammatory mass with pus draining from multiple follicular orifices. | 
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| Cellulitis | Acute spreading infection of the deeper dermis and the subcutaneous tissue which lacks sharp demarcation from uninvolved skin. | 
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Subcutaneous Tissue | |||
| Necrotizing Fasciitis |
Rapidly progressive infection of deep fascia associated with bullae and necrosis of underlying skin. | 
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Muscle | Myonecrosis (Gas Gangrene) |
Rapidly progressive toxemic infection of injured muscle, producing marked edema, crepitus, and brown bullae, characterized by extensive gaseous dissection of muscle and fascial planes on radiography. | 
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| †Adapted from Clin Infect Dis. 2005;41(10):1373-406.,[1] Rook's Textbook of Dermatology,[2] and Infectious Diseases of the Skin.[3] | ||||
A cutaneous abscess could occur at multiple locations.
Patients who require hospitalization for ICU admission, operating room surgical intervention, or death have one of the following six risk factors upon presentation[4]:
- abnormal cross-sectional imaging result
- systemic inflammatory response syndrome
- previous infection at the same location
- infection involving the hand
- diabetes
- age >65 years
References
- ↑ Stevens DL, Bisno AL, Chambers HF, Everett ED, Dellinger P, Goldstein EJ; et al. (2005). "Practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of skin and soft-tissue infections". Clin Infect Dis. 41 (10): 1373–406. doi:10.1086/497143. PMID 16231249.
- ↑ Rook, Arthur (2010). Rook's textbook of dermatology. Chichester, West Sussex, UK Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN 1405161698.
- ↑ Elston, Dirk (2011). Infectious diseases of the skin. London: Manson. ISBN 1840761776.
- ↑ Mower WR, Kadera SP, Rodriguez AD, Vanderkraan V, Krishna PK, Chiu E; et al. (2018). "Identification of Clinical Characteristics Associated With High-Level Care Among Patients With Skin and Soft Tissue Infections". Ann Emerg Med. doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2018.09.020. PMID 30420232.