View source for Preauricular sinus and cyst

{{Infobox disease
 | Name           = Preauricular sinus and cyst
 | Image          = Preauricularsinus.jpg
 | Caption        = 
 | DiseasesDB     = 34576
 | ICD10          = {{ICD10|Q|18|1|q|10}} 
 | ICD9           = {{ICD9|744.4}}
 | ICDO           = 
 | OMIM           = 
 | MedlinePlus    = 003304
 | eMedicineSubj  =
 | eMedicineTopic = 
 | eMedicine_mult = 
 | MeshID         = 
}}
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{{CMG}};{{AE}} {{KS}}
==Overview==
A '''preauricular sinus or cyst''' (also known as a "Congenital auricular fistula," "Congenital preauricular fistula," "Ear pit"<ref name="Fitz2">Freedberg, et al. (2003). ''Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine''. (6th ed.). McGraw-Hill. ISBN 0-07-138076-0.</ref>{{rp|782}}, and "Preauricular cyst"<ref name="Bolognia">{{cite book |author=Rapini, Ronald P.; Bolognia, Jean L.; Jorizzo, Joseph L. |title=Dermatology: 2-Volume Set |publisher=Mosby |location=St. Louis |year=2007 |pages= |isbn=1-4160-2999-0 |oclc= |doi= |accessdate=}}</ref>
) is a common congenital malformation characterized by a nodule, dent or dimple located anywhere adjacent to the external ear.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1118768-overview|title= Preauricular Sinuses|accessdate= 24 Feb 2009|author= Noah S Scheinfeld|author2=Valerie Nozad|date= Mar 18, 2008|quote= |dateformat=}}</ref> They are inherited features and usually appear on one side, but may be bilateral in 25-50% of cases. Preauricular sinuses and cysts result from developmental defects of the first and second [[branchial arches]].<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/medical/preauricular_sinus.htm|title= Preauricular Sinus|accessdate= 24 Feb 2009|author= From Stedman's Medical Spellchecker cyted in WrongDiagnosis.com|year= 2006|quote= |dateformat=}}</ref> Occasionally a preauricular sinus or a cyst can become infected.<ref name="Andrews">{{cite book |author=James, William D.; Berger, Timothy G.; et al. |title=Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology |publisher=Saunders Elsevier |location= |year=2006 |pages= |isbn=0-7216-2921-0 |oclc= |doi= |accessdate=}}</ref> This and other congenital ear malformations are associated with renal anomalies.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pediatricsdigest.mobi/content/108/2/e32.full|title=Syndromic Ear Anomalies and Renal Ultrasounds|author=Raymond Y. Wang, MD*, Dawn L. Earl, RN, CPNP‡, Robert O. Ruder, MD§, John M. Graham Jr, MD, ScD}}</ref>

Most preauricular sinuses are asymptomatic and remain untreated unless they become infected too often.<ref>Stephen Ludwig, Stephan Strobel, Stephen D. Marks, Pete K. Smith, Ph.D., Magdi H. El Habbal, M.D., Lewis Spitz [http://books.google.com/books?id=s8XdO4wM1QQC Visual Handbook of Pediatrics and Child Health] Published by [[Lippincott Williams & Wilkins]], 2008; page 517. ISBN 0-7817-9505-2</ref> Preauricular cysts are treated with surgery which, because of their close proximity to the [[facial nerve]] should be left to an experienced surgeon, such as an [[otolaryngologist]] - head and neck surgeon.<ref>Michael Hawke [http://books.google.com/books?id=05AYYGJseaAC Ear Disease] Published by PMPH-USA, 2003; page 5. ISBN 1-55009-241-3</ref>

In rare cases they may be associated with [[branchio-oto-renal syndrome]].

==See also==
* [[Branchial cleft cyst]]
* [[Thyroglossal cyst]]
* [[Lachiewicz Sibley syndrome]]
* [[List of cutaneous conditions]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* [http://www.metroatlantaotolaryngology.org/journal/feb06/PreauricularSinusReview.pdf The preauricular sinus: A review of its aetiology, clinical presentation and management] International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology (2005) 69, 1469—1474

{{Congenital malformations and deformations of face and neck}}

[[Category:Cutaneous congenital anomalies]]


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