View source for Hypertonia

{{Infobox_Disease |
  Name           = {{PAGENAME}} |
  Image          = |
  Caption        = |
  DiseasesDB     = 20872 |
  ICD10          = {{ICD10|P|94|1|p|90}} |
  ICD9           = {{ICD9|358}}, {{ICD9|779.89}} |
  ICDO           = |
  OMIM           = |
  MedlinePlus    = |
  eMedicineSubj  = |
  eMedicineTopic = |
  MeshID         = D009122 |
}}
'''Hypertonia''' is a condition marked by an abnormal increase in the tightness of [[muscle tone]] and a reduced ability of a muscle to [[stretching|stretch]] (i.e. an increased [[stiffness]]). It is generally accompanied by (increased) [[spasticity]] of the particular [[muscle]]s. 

Damage to [[upper motor neurons]] causes hypertonia, as well as [[spasticity]] (overactive [[reflex]]es) and [[rigidity]] (constant [[muscle contraction]]s). A form of hypertonia is known as [[Paratonia]] which is associated with dementia.

==Causes==
===Life Threatening Causes===

===Common Causes===

===Causes by Organ System===

{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dermatologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|  [[Cefaclor]], [[Cidofovir]], [[Terbutaline]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ear Nose Throat'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Endocrine'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Environmental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Genetic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Hematologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Iatrogenic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Infectious Disease'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Neurologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Nutritional/Metabolic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Oncologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ophthalmologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Overdose/Toxicity'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Psychiatric'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Pulmonary'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Renal/Electrolyte'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Sexual'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Trauma'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Urologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Miscellaneous'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|}

===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
: List the causes of the disease in alphabetical order. You may need to list across the page, as seen [[Jaundice causes#Causes in Alphabetical Order|here]]
{{col-begin|width=80%}}
{{col-break|width=33%}}
*[[Cidofovir]] 
*[[Terbutaline]]

{{col-break|width=33%}}


{{col-break|width=33%}}

{{col-end}}

==See also==
*[[Hypotonia]]
*[[Paratonia]]
*[[Clasp-knife response]]

==External links==
* [http://www.lib.mcg.edu/edu/eshuphysio/program/section8/8ch3/s8ch3_21.htm "The Clasp Knife Phenomenon"] at mcg.edu

{{Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period}}

[[fr:Hypertonie musculaire]]
[[lt:Hipertonija]]
[[pt:Hipertonia]]
{{jb1}}
{{WH}}
{{WikiDoc Sources}}