View source for Strongyloidiasis

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{{About1|Strongyloides stercoralis}}
{{Infobox disease |
  Name           = Strongyloidiasis |
  Image          = Strongyloides_-_very_high_mag_-_2.jpg |
  Caption        = [[Micrograph]] showing strongyloidiasis; a fragment of a worm is seen in the lower right hand corner. [[H&E stain]]. |
}}

'''For patient information, click [[Strongyloidiasis (patient information)|here]]'''
{{Strongyloidiasis}}
{{CMG}}

{{SK}} Strongyloides infection

==[[Strongyloidiasis overview|Overview]]==

==[[Strongyloidiasis historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]==

==[[Strongyloidiasis pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==

==[[Strongyloidiasis causes|Causes]]==

==[[Strongyloidiasis differential diagnosis|Differentiating Strongyloidiasis from other Diseases]]==
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="7" |Differentiating Strongyloides stercoralis infection from other Nematode infections<ref name="Principles and Practice">Durand, Marlene (2015). "Chapter 288:Intestinal Nematodes (Roundworms)". Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases Updated Edition, Eighth Edition. Elsevier. pp. 3199–3207. ISBN 978-1-4557-4801-3.</ref><ref name="Murray and Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine">{{cite book |last1=Kim |first1=Kami |last2=Weiss |first2=Louis |last3=Tanowitz |first3=Herbert |title=Murray and Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine Sixth Edition |publisher=Elsevier |date=2016 |pages=682-698 |chapter=Chapter 39:Parasitic Infections |isbn=978-1-4557-3383-5}}</ref>
|-
|Nematode
|Transmission
|Direct Person-Person Transmission 
|Duration of Infection
|Pulmonary Manifestation
|Location of Adult worm(s)
|Treatment
|-
|[[Ascaris lumbricoides]]
|Ingestion of infective ova
|No
|1-2 years
|
* [[Löffler's syndrome]] (usually about 9-12 days after exposure to ova)
* [[Cough]]
* Substernal discomfort
* [[Crackles]]
* [[Wheezing]]
* Transient opacities
|Free in the lumen of the small bowel
(primarily jejunum)
|
* [[Albendazole]]

* [[Mebendazole]]

* [[Pyrantel pamoate]]

* [[Ivermectin]]

* [[Levamisole]]

* [[Piperazine]]
|-
|[[Trichuris trichiura]]
(whipworm)
|Ingestion of infective [[ova]]
|No
|1-3 years
|No pulmonary migration, therefore, no pulmonary manifestation
|Anchored in the superficial mucosa of cecum and colon
|
* [[Albendazole]]

* [[Mebendazole]]
|-
|[[Hookworm]] ([[Necator americanus]] and [[Ancylostoma duodenale]])
|Skin penetration by filariform larvae
|No
|
* 3-5 years (Necator)
* 1 year (Ancylostoma)
|
* [[Löffler's syndrome]]
* Transient opacities
|Attached to the mucosa of mid-upper portion of the [[small bowel]]
|
* [[Albendazole]]

* [[Mebendazole]]

* [[Levamisole]]

* [[Pyrantel pamoate]]
|-
|[[Strongyloides stercoralis]]
|Filariform larvae penetrates skin or bowel mucosa 
|Yes
|Lifetime of the host
|
* [[Löffler's syndrome]]
* Chronic [[cough]]
* [[Pneumonia]] or [[sepsis]] in hyperinfection
|Embedded in the mucosa of the [[duodenum]], [[jejunum]]
|
* [[Ivermectin]]
* [[Albendazole]]
* [[Thiabendazole]]
|-
|[[Enterobius vermicularis]] ([[pinworm]])
|Ingestion of infective [[ova]]
|Yes
|1 month
|Extraintestinal migration is very rare<ref name="pmid21879805">{{cite journal| author=Serpytis M, Seinin D| title=Fatal case of ectopic enterobiasis: Enterobius vermicularis in the kidneys. | journal=Scand J Urol Nephrol | year= 2012 | volume= 46 | issue= 1 | pages= 70-2 | pmid=21879805 | doi=10.3109/00365599.2011.609834 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21879805  }} </ref>
|Free in the lumen of [[cecum]], [[appendix]], adjacent [[colon]]
|
* [[Albendazole]]
* [[Mebendazole]]
* [[Pyrantel pamoate]]
* [[Ivermectin]]
* [[Levamisole]]
* [[Piperazine]]
|}

==[[Strongyloidiasis epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==

==[[Strongyloidiasis risk factors|Risk Factors]]==

==[[Strongyloidiasis natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==

==Diagnosis==

[[Strongyloidiasis history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Strongyloidiasis physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Strongyloidiasis laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Strongyloidiasis imaging findings|Imaging Findings]] | [[Strongyloidiasis other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]]

==Treatment==

[[Strongyloidiasis medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Strongyloidiasis prevention|Prevention]] | [[Strongyloidiasis cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]] | [[Strongyloidiasis future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]]

==Case Studies==

[[Strongyloidiasis case study one|Case #1]]

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[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Infectious disease]]