View source for Oligodendroglioma history and symptoms

__NOTOC__
{{Oligodendroglioma}}
{{CMG}}{{AE}}{{S.M.}}{{SR}}

==Overview==
When evaluating a [[patient]] for [[oligodendroglioma]], a [[Detailed balance|detailed]] [[History and Physical examination|history]] of the [[presenting symptom]] (onset, duration, and progression), other [[Association (statistics)|associated]] [[symptoms]], a thorough past [[medical history]] [[review]], and [[review]] of common [[risk factors]] such as [[family history]] of [[brain tumors]]. [[Oligodendroglioma]] is a [[slow]]-[[Growth|growing]], [[Infiltration (medical)|infiltrative]] [[tumor]] that may be [[Clinical|clinically]] silent for many [[Year|years]]. With [[tumor]] progression, [[symptoms]] may vary depending upon the [[Location parameter|location]], [[Size consistency|size]], and [[rate]] of [[tumor]] [[growth]]. [[Oligodendroglioma]] mainly involves the [[frontal lobe]]. [[Symptoms]] [[Association (statistics)|associated]] with [[oligodendroglioma]] include [[seizure]], [[headache]], [[nausea]], [[vomiting]], [[vertigo]], [[visual loss]], [[diplopia]], [[strabismus]], [[Hemiparesis|muscle weakness]], [[numbness]], [[speech difficulties]], [[mood disturbances]], [[personality changes]], [[memory]] [[Problem Solved|problems]], low [[energy]], [[fatigue]], [[Urgency|urge]] to [[sleep]], [[Loss function|loss]] of [[Interest (emotion)|interest]] in [[Activities of daily living|daily activities]], [[abulia]], [[Lack (manque)|lack]] of spontaneity, [[loss of consciousness]] with [[syncope]] (few [[tonic-clonic]] [[Jerking|jerks]]), and classic [[Triad (anatomy)|triad]] of [[headache]], [[nausea]], and [[papilledema]] due to [[raised intracranial pressure]].
==History==
*While evaluating a [[patient]] for [[oligodendroglioma]], a [[Detailed balance|detailed]] [[History and Physical examination|history]] of the following should be taken:<ref name="pmid21149253">{{cite journal| author=McCarthy BJ, Rankin KM, Aldape K, Bondy ML, Brännström T, Broholm H et al.| title=Risk factors for oligodendroglial tumors: a pooled international study. | journal=Neuro Oncol | year= 2011 | volume= 13 | issue= 2 | pages= 242-50 | pmid=21149253 | doi=10.1093/neuonc/noq173 | pmc=PMC3064625 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21149253  }} </ref>
**[[Presenting symptom]]:
***Onset
***Duration
***Progression
**Other [[Association (statistics)|associated]] [[symptoms]]
**A thorough past [[medical history]] [[review]]
**[[Review]] of common [[risk factors]] such as:
***[[Family history]] of [[brain tumors]]

==Symptoms==
* [[Oligodendroglioma]] is a slow-growing, [[Infiltration (medical)|infiltrative]] [[tumor]] that may be [[Clinical|clinically]] silent for many [[Year|years]]
* [[Asymptomatic]] [[patients]] are [[Diagnose|diagnosed]] based on [[Incidental finding|incidental findings]] at the [[Time series|time]] of [[brain imaging]] [[Performance status|performed]] for another [[Reasoning|reason]] (e.g: [[trauma]], [[migraine headaches]])
* Focal [[Neurological|neurologic]] deficits and generalized [[symptoms]] such as [[headache]] are uncommon at the [[Time series|time]] of [[diagnosis]]
* With [[tumor]] progression, [[symptoms]] may vary [[Dependent variable|depending]] on following characteristics of [[tumor]]:
** [[Location parameter|Location]]
** [[Size consistency|Size]] 
** [[Rate]] of [[tumor]] [[growth]]
* It mainly involves the '''[[frontal lobe]]'''
* Common [[symptoms]] [[Association (statistics)|associated]] with [[oligodendroglioma]] include:<ref name="pmid9684012">{{cite journal| author=Douay X, Daems-Monpeurt C, Labalette P, Blond S, Petit H| title=[Bilateral 3rd cranial nerve palsy disclosing oligodendroglioma]. | journal=Rev Neurol (Paris) | year= 1997 | volume= 153 | issue= 6-7 | pages= 430-2 | pmid=9684012 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9684012  }} </ref><ref name="pmid17553214">{{cite journal| author=Hata N, Shono T, Mizoguchi M, Matsumoto K, Guan Y, Nagata S et al.| title=Loss of heterozygosity analysis in an anaplastic oligodendroglioma arising after radiation therapy. | journal=Neurol Res | year= 2007 | volume= 29 | issue= 7 | pages= 723-6 | pmid=17553214 | doi=10.1179/016164107X208068 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17553214  }} </ref><ref name="pmid1695334">{{cite journal| author=Ogasawara H, Kiya K, Uozumi T, Sugiyama K, Kawamoto K, Ohta M| title=Multiple oligodendroglioma--case report. | journal=Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) | year= 1990 | volume= 30 | issue= 2 | pages= 127-31 | pmid=1695334 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=1695334  }} </ref><ref name="pmid2308753">{{cite journal| author=Raciti-Daurio C, Caruso J| title=Oligodendroglioma--a case presentation. | journal=Optom Vis Sci | year= 1990 | volume= 67 | issue= 1 | pages= 56-8 | pmid=2308753 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=2308753  }} </ref><ref name="pmid24805856">{{cite journal| author=Rodriguez FJ, Tihan T, Lin D, McDonald W, Nigro J, Feuerstein B et al.| title=Clinicopathologic features of pediatric oligodendrogliomas: a series of 50 patients. | journal=Am J Surg Pathol | year= 2014 | volume= 38 | issue= 8 | pages= 1058-70 | pmid=24805856 | doi=10.1097/PAS.0000000000000221 | pmc=4322928 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24805856  }} </ref>
**[[Seizure]] (usually the first and most common [[Presentation (Obstetrics)|presentation]] in 50-80% of the cases)<ref name="pmid17172614">{{cite journal| author=Cavaliere R, Farace E, Schiff D| title=Clinical implications of status epilepticus in patients with neoplasms. | journal=Arch Neurol | year= 2006 | volume= 63 | issue= 12 | pages= 1746-9 | pmid=17172614 | doi=10.1001/archneur.63.12.1746 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17172614  }} </ref>
**[[Headache]]
**[[Nausea]]
**[[Vomiting]]
**[[Vertigo]]
**'''Focal [[neurological]] deficits''' depending upon [[tumor]] [[Location parameter|location]] ([[symptoms]] usually [[Causes|caused]] by [[local]] [[Tissue (biology)|tissue]] [[Disruption (of schema)|disruption]], [[Mass effect (medicine)|mass effect]] on nearby [[Structure factor|structures]], or [[vasogenic edema]]) include:
***[[hemiparesis|Muscle weakness]]
***[[Numbness]]/[[sensory loss]]
***[[Dysarthria|Changes in speech]]/[[aphasia]]
***[[Visual loss]]/[[visual]] [[Spatial analysis|spatial]] [[dysfunction]]
***[[Diplopia]]
***[[Strabismus]]
**'''[[Cognitive]] [[dysfunction]]''' includes:
***[[Memory]] [[Problem Solved|problems]]
***[[mood disorders|Changes in mood]]
***[[personality pathology|Changes in personality]]
***Low [[energy]]
***[[Fatigue]]
***[[Urgency|Urge]] to [[sleep]]
***[[Loss function|Loss]] of [[Interest (emotion)|interest]] in [[Activities of daily living|daily activities]]
***[[Abulia]] (showing [[abnormal]] inability to act or [[Decision making|make decisions]])
***[[Lack (manque)|Lack]] of spontaneity
**'''[[Increased intracranial pressure]]''' (either due to a [[Large-print|large]] [[mass]] or any [[restriction]] in [[cerebrospinal fluid]] outflow [[Causes|causing]] [[hydrocephalus]]) [[Association (statistics)|associated]] with following [[symptoms]]:
***Classic [[Triad (anatomy)|triad]] that includes:
****[[Headache]]
****[[Nausea]]
****[[Papilledema]]
***[[Loss of consciousness]] with [[syncope]] (maybe [[Association (statistics)|associated]] with a few [[tonic-clonic]] [[Jerking|jerks]])
{| class="wikitable"
|+Oligodendrogliomas symptoms according to tumor site
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 200px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Tumor site of involvement}}
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 200px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Clinical features}}
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold" |'''Frontal lobe'''
|
* Weakness of one side of the body
* Personality changes
* Behavior changes
* Difficulty with short-term memory
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold" |'''Temporal lobe'''
|
* Usually “silent”
* May cause few symptoms such as:
** Seizures
** Language problems
|}

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
{{WikiDoc Sources}}

[[Category:Neurological disorders]]
[[Category:Types of cancer]]
[[Category:Neurosurgery]]
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Mature chapter]]
 [[Category:Up-To-Date]]
[[Category:Oncology]]
[[Category:Medicine]]
[[Category:Neurology]]
[[Category:Neurosurgery]]