View source for Amikacin

{{drugbox
| IUPAC_name = (2''S'')-4-amino-N-[(2''S'',3''S'',4''R'',5''S'')-5-amino-2-<br>[(2''S'',3''R'',4''S'',5''S'',6''R'')-4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-<br>6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4-[(2''R'',3''R'',<br>4''S'',5''R'',6''R'')-6-(aminomethyl)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-<br>oxan-2-yl]oxy-3-hydroxy-cyclohexyl]-2-hydroxy-<br>butanamide
| image = Amikacin.png
| CAS_number = 37517-28-5
| ATC_prefix = D06
| ATC_suffix = AX12
| ATC_supplemental = {{ATC|J01|GB06}}, {{ATC|S01|AA21}}
| PubChem = 441188
| DrugBank = APRD00550
| C = 22 | H = 43 | N = 5 | O = 13
| molecular_weight = 585.603 g/mol
| bioavailability = 
| protein_bound = 0-11%
| metabolism = 
| elimination_half-life = 2-3 hours
| excretion = [[Kidney|Renal]]
| pregnancy_AU = D
| pregnancy_US = C
| legal_UK = POM
| legal_US = Rx-only
| routes_of_administration = [[Intramuscular injection|Intramuscular]], [[Intravenous therapy|intravenous]]
}}
{{SI}}
{{CMG}}

{{EH}}

==Overview==
'''Amikacin''' is an [[aminoglycoside]] [[antibiotic]] used to treat different types of [[bacteria|bacterial]] [[infection]]s. Amikacin works by binding to the bacterial [[30S]] [[ribosome|ribosomal]] subunit, causing misreading of [[mRNA]] and leaving the bacterium unable to synthesize [[protein]]s vital to its growth.

==Administration==
Amikacin may be administered once or twice a day but must be given by the [[intravenous]] or [[intramuscular]] route, which tends to be painful. There is no oral form available. Dosage must be adjusted in people with [[kidney failure]].

==Uses==
Amikacin is most often used for treating severe, hospital-acquired infections with [[multidrug resistance|multidrug resistant]] [[Gram negative]] bacteria such as ''[[Pseudomonas aeruginosa]]'', ''[[Acinetobacter]]'', and ''[[Enterobacter]]''. 

Amikacin may be combined with a [[beta-lactam]] antibiotic for [[empiric therapy]] for people with [[neutropenia]] and [[fever]].

==Side effects==
Side effects of amikacin are similar to other aminoglycosides. [[Nephrotoxicity|Kidney damage]] and [[ototoxicity|hearing loss]] are the most important effects. Because of this potential, blood levels of the drug and markers of kidney function ([[creatinine]]) may be monitored. 

==References==
* Edson RS, Terrell CL. ''The aminoglycosides.'' Mayo Clin Proc. 1999 May;74(5):519-28. Review. PMID 10319086

{{Antibiotics and chemotherapeutics for dermatological use}}
{{AminoglycosideAntiBiotics}}
{{SIB}}
[[Category:Aminoglycoside antibiotics]]

[[es:Amikacina]]
[[ru:Амикацин]]
[[th:อะมิกาซิน]]
{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
{{WS}}