View source for Ebstein's anomaly of the tricuspid valve associated abnormalities

{{CMG}} and Claudia P. Hochberg, M.D. [mailto:chochber@bidmc.harvard.edu]
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'''Associate Editor-In-Chief:''' {{CZ}}

== Associated Abnormalities ==

While Ebstein's anomaly is defined as the congenital displacement of the [[tricuspid valve]] towards the apex of the right ventricle, it is often associated with other abnormalities.

=== Anatomy ===

Typically, there are anatomic abnormalities of the [[tricuspid valve]], with enlargement of the anterosuperior leaflet of the valve which is often adherent to the right ventricular free wall.

About 50% of individuals with Ebstein's anomaly have an associated shunt between the right and [[left atrium]]s, either an [[atrial septal defect]] [[ASD]]  or a [[patent foramen ovale]] [[PFO]].

- The [[tricuspid valve]] leaflets are displaced toward the RV apex. 

- The RV cavity is dilated and the free wall is thin.

- May be associated with LV dysfunction and [[mitral valve prolapse]] ([[MVP]]).

- It has also been associated with [[right ventricular outflow tract obstruction|pulmonic stenosis]] [[right ventricular outflow tract obstruction| (PS)]], [[VSD]], [[pulmonary hypertension]], [[aortic stenosis|bicuspid aortic valve]] and right sided aortic arch.

-It is commonly associated with congenitally corrected [[transposition of the great vessels]] and occasionally with [[tetralogy of Fallot]].
 
- Is often associated with one or more accessory conduction pathways in 25%, and [[WPW]] in 13%. Usually this is a right sided accessory pathway.

- The presence of an [[ASD]] permits right-to-left shunting and [[cyanosis]]. The degree of [[cyanosis]] is related to the degree of [[tricuspid regurgitation]] ([[tricuspid regurgitation|TR]]), [[tricuspid stenosis]] ([[tricuspid stenosis|TS]]) and the compliance of the RV.

<div align="left">
<gallery heights="175" widths="300">
Image:Ebstein diagram.jpg|Graphical represntation of Ebstein's Anomaly from the Mayo Clinic website (note there is also an ASD on this diagram)
Image:EbsteinAnomaly.png|Ebstein Anomaly
</gallery>
</div>

==References==
{{Reflist}}


{{Congenital malformations and deformations of circulatory system}}
{{SIB}}
[[Category:DiseaseState]]
[[Category:Cardiology]]

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