View source for Magnesium iodide

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! {{chembox header}} | Magnesium iodide <!-- replace if not identical with the article name -->
|-
| align="center" colspan="2" bgcolor="#ffffff" | [[Image:Magnesium iodide.jpg|200px|Magnesium iodide]] 
|-
! {{chembox header}} | General
|- 
| [[IUPAC nomenclature|Systematic name]]
| Magnesium iodide
|-
| [[Chemical formula|Molecular formula]]
| MgI<sub>2</sub> (anhydrous)<br>MgI<sub>2</sub>.6H<sub>2</sub>O (hexahydrate)<br>MgI<sub>2</sub>.8H<sub>2</sub>O (octahydrate) 
|-
| [[Molar mass]]
| 278.114 g/mol (anhydrous)<br>386.2005 g/mol (hexahydrate)<br>422.236 g/mol (octahydrate)
|-
| Appearance
| white crystalline solid
|-
| [[CAS registry number|CAS number]]
| 10377-58-9 (anhydrous)<br> 75535-11-4 (hexahydrate)<br> 7790-31-0 (octahydrate)
|-
! {{chembox header}} | Properties
|-
| [[Density]] and [[Phase (matter)|phase]]
| 4.43 g/cm³ (anhydrous solid)<br>2.353 g/cm³ (hexahydrate solid)<br>2.098 g/cm³ (octahydrate solid)
|-
| [[Solubility]] in [[Water (molecule)|water]]
| 54.7 g/100 cm³ (anhydrous, 0 °C)<br>81 g/100 cm³ (octahydrate, 20 °C)
|-
| [[Melting point]]
| 637 °C (anhydrous, decomposes)<br>41 °C (octahydrate, decomposes)
|-
! {{chembox header}} | Structure
|-
| [[Crystal structure]] 
| [[Hexagonal crystal system|Hexagonal]] (anhydrous)<br>[[Monoclinic]] (hexahydrate)<br>[[Orthorhombic]] (octahydrate)
|-
| [[Hydrates]]
| Hexahydrate, Octahydrate<ref>
{{Citation
 | last = Perry
 | first =Dale L.
 | author-link =
 | last2 = Phillips
 | first2 =Sidney L.
 | author2-link =
 | publication-date =
 | date =
 | year =1995
 | title =Handbook of Inorganic Compounds
 | edition =
 | volume =
 | series =
 | publication-place =
 | place =
 | publisher =CRC Press
 | id =
 | isbn =0849386713
 |pages = 240
 | doi =
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 | url =http://books.google.com/books?id=0fT4wfhF1AsC&pg=PA240&dq=%22magnesium+iodide%22&as_brr=3&ei=jDZcR--DA4fQiwGJ9MGwAw&ie=ISO-8859-1&sig=OczmUrZd3qb3uYKwOHfdAoOKqyA
 | accessdate =[[2007-12-09]]
}}</ref>
|-
! {{chembox header}} | Hazards <!--  Summary only- MSDS entry provides more complete information -->
|-
<!-- | [[Material safety data sheet|MSDS]]
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|--->
<!--| [[NFPA 704]]
|  {{nfpa|4|4 ox|4}} These are set on "very dangerous" as default- adjust according to actual values 
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| [[Risk and Safety Statements|R/S statement]]
| [[List of R-phrases|R]]:  {{R36}} {{R38}} {{R42}} {{R43}} {{R61}}<br /> [[List of S-phrases|S]]: {{S22}} {{S36/37/39}} {{S45}} {{S53}}<ref>http://ptcl.chem.ox.ac.uk/MSDS/MA/magnesium_iodide.html</ref>
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! {{chembox header}} | [[Magnesium iodide (data page)|Supplementary data page]]
|-
<!--| [[Magnesium iodide (data page)#Thermodynamic properties|Thermodynamic<br />data]] 
|  Phase behaviour<br />Solid, liquid, gas 
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<!--| [[Magnesium iodide (data page)#Spectral data|Spectral data]]
| [[UV/VIS spectroscopy|UV]], [[Infrared spectroscopy|IR]], [[nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy|NMR]], [[Mass spectrometry|MS]]
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! {{chembox header}} | Related compounds
|-
| Other [[Ion|anion]]s 
| [[Magnesium fluoride]]<br> [[Magnesium bromide]]<br> [[Magnesium chloride]]
|-
| Other [[Ion|cation]]s 
| [[beryllium iodide]]<br>[[calcium iodide]]
|-
| {{chembox header}} | <small>Except where noted otherwise, data are given for<br /> materials in their [[standard state|standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)]]<br />[[wikipedia:Chemical infobox|Infobox disclaimer and references]]</small>
|-
|}

'''Magnesium iodide''' is the name for the [[chemical compound]]s with the [[chemical formula|formula]]s MgI<sub>2</sub> and its various [[water of hydration|hydrate]]s MgI<sub>2</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>x</sub>.  These salts are typical ionic halides, being highly soluble in water.  Magnesium iodide has few commercial uses but can be used to prepare compounds for [[organic synthesis]].

==Reactions==
Magnesium iodide can be prepared from [[magnesium oxide]], [[magnesium hydroxide]], and [[magnesium carbonate]] by treatment with [[hydroiodic acid]]<ref>
{{Citation
 | last = Patnaik
 | first =Pradyot
 | author-link =
 | last2 = 
 | first2 =
 | author2-link =
 | publication-date =
 | date =
 | year =2003
 | title =Handbook of Inorganic Chemicals
 | edition =
 | volume =
 | series =
 | publication-place =
 | place =
 | publisher =McGraw-Hill Professional
 | id =
 | isbn =0070494398
 |pages = 527-528
 | doi =
 | oclc =
 | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=Xqj-TTzkvTEC&pg=RA1-PA527&dq=%22magnesium+iodide%22&as_brr=3&ei=5DVcR4uFPKXQiQGOiemkAw&ie=ISO-8859-1&sig=QOvcMUABsG5Kn7NshePb2P0VMFg#PRA1-PA527,M1
 | accessdate =[[2007-12-09]]
}}
</ref>:
:[[Magnesium oxide|MgO]] + 2 [[Hydroiodic acid|HI]]  →  MgI<sub>2</sub> + [[water|H<sub>2</sub>O]]
:[[Magnesium hydroxide|Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub>]] + 2 HI  →  MgI<sub>2</sub> + 2 H<sub>2</sub>O
:[[Magnesium carbonate|MgCO<sub>3</sub>]] + 2 HI  →  MgI<sub>2</sub> + [[carbon dioxide|CO<sub>2</sub>]] + H<sub>2</sub>O

Magnesium iodide is stable at high heat under a [[hydrogen]] atmosphere, but decomposes in air at normal temperatures, turning brown from the release of elemental [[iodine]]. When heated in air, it decomposes completely to magnesium oxide
<ref>
{{cite conference
 | first = Wilsmore
 | last = N. T. M.
 | authorlink = 
 | coauthors = 
 | date = 
 | year = 1891
 | month = 
 | title = Note on Magnesium Iodide
 | conference = 
 | conferenceurl = 
 | booktitle = Report of the Third Meeting of the Australasian Association for the Advancement of Science
 | editor = James Hector
 | others = 
 | volume = 
 | edition = 
 | publisher = The Association
 | location = Sydney
 | pages = 116
 | url= http://books.google.com/books?id=ktw4AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA116&dq=%22magnesium+iodide%22&as_brr=3&ei=yTVcR9qLNYHciwHVg-maAw&ie=ISO-8859-1#PPA116,M1
 | format = 
 | accessdate = 2007-12-09
 | doi = 
 | id = 
 | oclc =
}}</ref>.

Usage of magnesium iodide in the [[Baylis-Hillman reaction]] tends to give ([[E-Z notation|Z]])-[[vinyl]] compounds
<ref>
{{Citation
 | last = Tietze
 | first =Lutz-Friedjan
 | author-link =
 | last2 = Brasche
 | first2 =Gordon
 | author2-link =
 | last3 = Gericke
 | first3 =Kersten
 | author3-link =
 | publication-date =
 | date =
 | year =2006
 | title =Domino Reactions in Organic Synthesis
 | edition =
 | volume =
 | series =
 | publication-place =
 | place =
 | publisher =Wiley-VCH
 | id =
 | isbn =3527290605
 |pages = 59
 | doi =
 | oclc =
 | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=qijhLyZ6SokC&pg=PA59&dq=%22magnesium+iodide%22+reactions&as_brr=3&ei=m0BcR4HgAYq-igGB5sH6Aw&ie=ISO-8859-1&sig=hKziWjoeftgwxNyZMTGY5508YZc#PPA59,M1
 | accessdate =[[2007-12-09]]
}}
</ref>.

{{inorganic-compound-stub}}

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:Iodides]]
[[Category:Magnesium compounds]]
[[Category:Metal halides]]
[[Category:Deliquescent substances]]

[[ar:يوديد مغنزيوم]]
{{WikiDoc Sources}}