View source for Iritis

{{DiseaseDisorder infobox |
  Name        = Iritis |
  Image       = Iritis.jpg |
  Caption     = A case of ''Iritis'' of the right eye |
  ICD10       = {{ICD10|H|20|0|h|15}} |
  ICD9        = {{ICD9|364.0}} |
}}
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==Overview==

'''Iritis''' is a form of anterior [[uveitis]] and refers to the [[inflammation]] of the [[iris (anatomy)|iris]] of the [[eye]].

==Types==

There are two main types of iritis: acute and chronic.
Acute iritis is a type of iritis that can heal independently within a few weeks. If treatment is provided, acute iritis improves quickly. Chronic iritis can exist for months or years before recovery occurs. Chronic iritis does not respond to treatment as well as acute iritis does. Chronic iritis is also accompanied by a higher risk of serious visual impairment.

==Signs and symptoms==
* Ocular and periorbital [[Pain and nociception|pain]]
* [[Photophobia]] 
* Consensual photophobia (pain in affected eye when light is shone in unaffected eye)
* Blurred or cloudy vision
* Reddened eye, especially adjacent to the iris
* White blood cells ([[leukocytes]]) (resulting in a grey or near-white haze) and protein (resulting in tiny white dots) in the [[anterior chamber]], often called "cells and flare."
* [[Synechia]] or adhesion of iris to [[lens (anatomy)|lens]] or [[cornea]]

==Causes==
People with [[ankylosing spondylitis]] and other [[HLA-B27]] related disorders are prone to iritis, iridocyclitis, and other forms of uveal tract inflammation. Iritis is also found in those with [[rheumatoid arthritis]], [[Behçet's disease]], [[Crohn's disease]], [[lupus]], [[Reiter's Disease:Patient Information|Reiter's disease]], chronic [[psoriasis]], [[psoriatic arthritis]], [[sarcoidosis]], [[scleroderma]], and [[ulcerative colitis]].  Iritis is usually secondary to some other systemic condition, but can be the only apparent somatic symptom.

==Complications==
Complications of iritis may include the following: [[Cataract]], [[glaucoma]], corneal calcification, posterior uveitis, [[blindness]], band keratopathy, and cystoid macular oedema.



==Treatment==

* [[Steroid]] [[anti-inflammatory]] [[eye drops]] (such as prednisolone acetate)
* Dilating eye drops (to help prevent [[synechia]] and reduce [[photophobia]])
* Pressure-reducing eye drops (such as brimonidine tartrate) 
* Oral steroids (such as [[prednisone]])
* [[conjunctiva|Subconjunctival]] steroid injections
* Steroid-sparing agents such as [[methotrexate]] (for prolonged, chronic iritis)

==External links==

*[http://www.aoanet.org/clincare/pdf/CPG-7.pdf Care of the Patient with Anterior Uveitis (CPG7)] ([[Portable Document Format|PDF]])
*[http://www.iritis.org/ Iritis Organization]
*[http://eyelearn.med.utoronto.ca/Lectures04-05/RedEye/14Iritis.htm#focus Assessment of the Red Eye - Iritis]
*[http://www.ssc.education.ed.ac.uk/resources/vi&multi/eyeconds/Iritis.html Medical Info on Iritis]

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[[Category:Ophthalmology]]
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Inflammations]]