View source for Cranial nerve disease

{{Infobox_Disease |
  Name           = {{PAGENAME}} |
  Image          = Brain human normal inferior view.svg |
  Caption        = Cranial nerves |
  DiseasesDB     = 17207 |
  ICD10          = {{ICD10|G|50||g|50}}-{{ICD10|G|53||g|50}} |
  ICD9           = {{ICD9|350}}-{{ICD9|352}} |
  ICDO           = |
  OMIM           = |
  MedlinePlus    = |
  eMedicineSubj  = |
  eMedicineTopic = |
  MeshID         = D003389 |
}}
{{SI}}

{{CMG}}

'''''Synonyms and keywords:''''' cranial nerve palsy, cranial nerve disorder

==Overview==
'''Cranial nerve disease''' is a term used to describe an impaired functioning of one of the twelve [[cranial nerves]]. This results in loss of control of facial muscles, erratic movements of the face muscles, or spastic jerks of the face muscles.

==Pathophysiology==
It is possible for a disorder of more than cranial nerve to occur at the same time, if a trauma occurs at a location where many cranial nerves run together, such as the [[jugular fossa]]. A brainstem lesion could also cause impaired functioning of multiple cranial nerves, but this condition would likely also be accompanied by distal motor impairment.

==Causes==
*[[Diabetes]]
*Facial [[trauma]]
*[[Hypertension]]
*[[Iatrogenic]] damage during surgery
*[[Meningitis]]
*[[Multiple sclerosis]]

==Diagnosis==
===Symptoms===
The patient may complain of difficulty smiling, drooping of the face, problems curling their lips, problems controlling eye movements or problems coordinating other facial expressions.

===Physical Examination===
====Neurologic Examination====
*Loss of control of facial muscles
*Erratic movements of the face muscles
*Spastic jerks of the face muscles
* [[Oculomotor nerve palsy]] - [[Oculomotor nerve]] (III)
* [[Fourth nerve palsy]] - [[Trochlear nerve]] (IV)
* [[Trigeminal neuralgia]] - [[Trigeminal nerve]] (V)
* [[Sixth nerve palsy]] - [[Abducens nerve]] (VI)
* [[Facial nerve paralysis]], [[Bell's palsy]], [[Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome]], [[Central seven]] - [[Facial nerve]] (VII)
* [[Accessory nerve disorder]] - [[Accessory nerve]] (XI)

[[Category:Neurology]]
[[Category:Signs and symptoms]]

{{PNS diseases of the nervous system}}
{{Eye pathology}}

{{WH}}
{{WS}}