View source for Tullio phenomenon

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'''Tullio phenomenon''', sound-induced vertigo, dizziness, nausea and/or eye movements ([[nystagmus]]) was first described in 1929 by the Italian biologist Prof. Pietro Tullio. (1881-1941)<ref>Tullio, Pietro: Das Ohr und die Entstehung der Sprache und Schrift. Berlin, Germany: Urban & Schwarzenberg; 1929.</ref> <ref>Tullio, Pietro: Some experiments and considerations on experimental otology and phonetics: A lecture delivered at the meeting of the "Società dei cultori delle scienze ... e naturali" of Cagliari on 1st, July 1929: L. Cappelli 1929 ASIN: B0008B2T6Y</ref>During his experiments on pigeons, Tullio discovered that by drilling tiny holes in the semicircular canals of his subjects, he could subsequently cause them balance problems when exposed to sound.

The cause is usually a [[fistula]] in the middle or inner ear, allowing abnormal sound-synchronized pressure changes in the balance organs. ([[semicircular canals]]) Such an opening may be caused by a barotrauma (e.g. incurred when diving or flying), or may be a side effect of fenestration surgery, syphilis or Lyme disease.
Patients with this disorder may also experience vertigo, imbalance and eye movements set off by changes in pressure, e.g when nose-blowing, swallowing or when lifting heavy objects.

Tullio phenomenon is also one of the common symptoms of [[superior canal dehiscence syndrome]] (SCDS), first diagnosed in 1998 by Dr. Lloyd Minor, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.

==References==
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==External links==

* [http://www.britannica.com/eb/topic-608698/Tullio-phenomenon Encyclopedia Britannica - Tullio Phenomenon] 
* [http://www.dizziness-and-balance.com/disorders/symptoms/tullio.html Dr. Timothy C. Hain - Tullio's phenomenon]
* [http://www.urmc.rochester.edu/smd/Rad/neurocases/Neurocase113.htm University of Rochester]
* [http://brain.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/112/5/1377 Brain - Otolith Tullio Phenomenon]
* [http://www.american-hearing.org/disorders/unilat/perilymph_fistula.html American Hearing Research Foundation - Perilymph Fistula - Tullio Phenomenon]
* [http://www.vestibular.org/vestibular-disorders/specific-disorders/canal-dehiscence.php| Vestibular Disorders Association - SCDS]
* [http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/hmn/S99/mu_8.html Hopkins Medical News - The Clue in the Old Bones]
* [http://www.jhu.edu/~gazette/1999/mar0899/08bone.html Hopkins Gazette - Old Bone Collection Reveals Basis for Some Dizziness]
* [http://www.dbi.udel.edu/MichaelTeixidoMD/SCDS.html Delaware Biotechnology Institute - SCDS with Tullio]
* [http://www.dbi.udel.edu/MichaelTeixidoMD/flashmovies/fist_vert.swf Delaware Biotechnology Institute - SCDS with Tullio - animation]
* [http://jnnp.bmj.com/cgi/content/extract/75/9/1363-a "Doctor, I can hear my eyes"] - W Albuquerque, A M Bronstein
* ABC - Medical Mysteries - SCDS Documentary [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f6vAkdGw8T4 The Musician Who Heard Too Much]

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[[de:Tullio-Phänomen]]

[[Category:Symptoms]]
[[Category:Hearing]]
[[Category:Auditory system]]
[[Category:Neurology]]
[[Category:Otology]]
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