View source for Wrist

{{Infobox Anatomy |
  Name         = wrist joint |
  Latin        = articulatio radiocarpalis   |
  GraySubject  = 86 |
  GrayPage     = 327 |
  Image        = Human wrist.png |
  Caption      = A human wrist. |
  Image2       = |
  Caption2     = |
  Precursor    = |
  System       = |
  Artery       = |
  Vein         = |
  Nerve        = |
  Lymph        = |
  MeshName     = Wrist+joint |
  MeshNumber   = A02.835.583.405.930 |
  DorlandsPre  = a_64 |
  DorlandsSuf  = 12161475  |
}}
{{CMG}}



In [[human anatomy]], the '''wrist''' is the flexible and narrower connection between the [[forearm]] and the [[hand|palm]]. The wrist is essentially a double row of small [[short bones]], called [[carpal]]s, intertwined to form a malleable hinge. 

The '''wrist-joint''' (''articulatio radiocarpea'') is a [[condyloid articulation]] allowing three degrees of freedom.

==Structure of joint==
The parts forming it are the lower end of the [[radius (bone)|radius]] and under surface of the [[articular disk]] above; and the [[scaphoid]], [[Lunate bone|lunate]], and [[triquetral]] bones below. 

The articular surface of the radius and the under surface of the [[articular disk]] form together a transversely elliptical concave surface, the receiving cavity. 

The superior articular surfaces of the scaphoid, lunate, and triquetrum form a smooth convex surface, the [[condyle]], which is received into the concavity. 

The bones of the wrist can be easily remembered by the [[mnemonic]] SLTPTTCH - ''Some Lovers Try Positions That They Can't Handle''. These represent the bones in order of proximal row radial to ulnar and then distal row radial to ulnar: Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetral, Pisiform; Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, Hamate.

==Ligaments==<!-- This section is linked from [[Ligament]] -->
The joint is surrounded by a capsule, strengthened by the following [[ligament]]s:

* [[Palmar radiocarpal ligament]]
* [[Dorsal radiocarpal ligament]]
* [[Ulnar collateral ligament (wrist)]]
* [[Radial collateral ligament (wrist)]]

The [[synovial membrane]] lines the deep surfaces of the ligaments above described, extending from the margin of the lower end of the radius and articular disk above to the margins of the articular surfaces of the carpal bones below. It is loose and lax, and presents numerous folds, especially behind.

== Movements ==
The [[Anatomical terms of location#Relative motions|movements]] permitted in this joint are [[flexion]], [[extension]], [[Anatomical terms of location#Relative motions|abduction]], [[adduction]], and [[circumduction]]. They are studied with those of the [[carpus]], with which they are combined.

==See also==
* [[Distal radius fracture]]
* [[Brunelli Procedure]], related to instability in the wrist

==Additional images==
<gallery>
 Image:RightHumanPosteriorDistalRadiusUlnaCarpals.jpg|Right Human Posterior Distal Radius, Ulna, Carpals
 Image:RightHumanAnteriorDistalRadiusUlnaCarpals.jpg|Right Human Anterior Distal Radius, Ulna, Carpals
 Image:Carpus.png|Carpus
 Image:Gray334.png|Ligaments of wrist. Anterior view
 Image:Gray335.png|Ligaments of wrist. Posterior view.
</gallery>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{wiktionary}}
* [http://www.uphs.upenn.edu/ortho/oj/1999/html/PICS/p27f2.gif Wrist ligaments at upenn.edu]
* {{eMedicineDictionary|wrist}}
* {{eMedicineDictionary|wrist+joint}}
* {{KansasHandKinesiology|bone/wrist.html}}

{{Joints of upper limbs}}
{{human anatomical features}}

[[Category:Wrist]]

[[ar:معصم]]
[[ca:Canell]]
[[cs:Zápěstí]]
[[de:Handgelenk]]
[[es:Muñeca (anatomía)]]
[[eo:Pojno]]
[[fr:Poignet]]
[[hi:कलाई]]
[[it:Polso]]
[[he:שורש כף היד]]
[[hu:Csukló]]
[[nl:Pols (anatomie)]]
[[new:नाडी]]
[[simple:Wrist]]
[[sk:Zápästie]]
[[fi:Ranne]]
[[sv:Handled]]
[[te:మణికట్టు]]
[[fiu-vro:Käejakk]]
[[yi:ריסט]]

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