View source for Bradykinin receptor B2

<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes 
| require_manual_inspection = no 
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = no
| update_citations = yes
}}

<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
 | image =  
 | image_source =  
 | PDB = 
 | Name = Bradykinin receptor B2
 | HGNCid = 1030
 | Symbol = BDKRB2
 | AltSymbols =; B2R; BK-2; BK2; BKR2; BRB2; DKFZp686O088
 | OMIM = 113503
 | ECnumber =  
 | Homologene = 519
 | MGIid = 102845
 | GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_BDKRB2_205870_at_tn.png
 | Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0001584 |text = rhodopsin-like receptor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004435 |text = phosphoinositide phospholipase C activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004872 |text = receptor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004947 |text = bradykinin receptor activity}} 
 | Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005886 |text = plasma membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005887 |text = integral to plasma membrane}} 
 | Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006939 |text = smooth muscle contraction}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006954 |text = inflammatory response}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007169 |text = transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007186 |text = G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007204 |text = elevation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007600 |text = sensory perception}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008015 |text = circulation}} 
 | Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
    | Hs_EntrezGene = 624
    | Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000168398
    | Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_000614
    | Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_000623
    | Hs_GenLoc_db =  
    | Hs_GenLoc_chr = 14
    | Hs_GenLoc_start = 95740950
    | Hs_GenLoc_end = 95780536
    | Hs_Uniprot = P30411
    | Mm_EntrezGene = 12062
    | Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000021070
    | Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_009747
    | Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_033877
    | Mm_GenLoc_db =  
    | Mm_GenLoc_chr = 12
    | Mm_GenLoc_start = 105964222
    | Mm_GenLoc_end = 105994121
    | Mm_Uniprot = P32299
  }}
}}
'''Bradykinin receptor B2''', also known as '''BDKRB2''', is a [[bradykinin receptor]], but also denotes the human [[gene]] encoding it.

==Mechanism==
The B2 receptor is a [[G protein-coupled receptor]], probably coupled to [[Gq alpha subunit|G<sub>q</sub>]] and [[Gi alpha subunit|G<sub>i</sub>]]. G<sub>q</sub> stimulates [[phospholipase C]] to increase [[intracellular]] free [[calcium]] and G<sub>i</sub> inhibits [[adenylate cyclase]]. Furthermore, the receptor stimulates the [[mitogen-activated protein kinase]] pathways. It is ubiquitously and constitutively expressed in healthy tissues.

The B2 receptor forms a complex with angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), and this is thought to play a role in cross-talk between the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and the kinin-kallikrein system (KKS). The heptapeptide angiotensin 1-7 (A1-7) also potentiates bradykinin action on B2 receptors.<ref name="pmid11230360">{{cite journal | author = Fernandes L, Fortes ZB, Nigro D, Tostes RC, Santos RA, Catelli De Carvalho MH | title = Potentiation of bradykinin by angiotensin-(1-7) on arterioles of spontaneously hypertensive rats studied in vivo | journal = Hypertension | volume = 37 | issue = 2 Part 2 | pages = 703–9 | year = 2001 | pmid = 11230360 | doi = | issn = | url = http://hyper.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/37/2/703 }}</ref>

[[Kallidin]] also signals through the B2 receptor. 

==Function==
The 9 [[amino acid]] bradykinin [[peptide]] elicits many responses including [[vasodilation]], [[edema]], [[smooth muscle spasm]] and [[pain fiber]] stimulation.

==Gene==
Alternate start codons result in two isoforms of the protein.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: BDKRB2 bradykinin receptor B2| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=624| accessdate = }}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Bradykinin receptor]]

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading 
| citations = 
*{{cite journal  | author=Duchêne J, Schanstra J, Cellier E, ''et al.'' |title=[30 years: Happy birthday, GPCR. The bradykinin B2 receptor: an alternative and antiproliferative pathway] |journal=Néphrologie |volume=23 |issue= 1 |pages= 39-41 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11908480 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Ariza AC, Bobadilla NA, Halhali A |title=[Endothelin 1 and angiotensin II in preeeclampsia] |journal=Rev. Invest. Clin. |volume=59 |issue= 1 |pages= 48-56 |year= 2007 |pmid= 17569300 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Hess JF, Borkowski JA, Young GS, ''et al.'' |title=Cloning and pharmacological characterization of a human bradykinin (BK-2) receptor. |journal=Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. |volume=184 |issue= 1 |pages= 260-8 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1314587 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Eggerickx D, Raspe E, Bertrand D, ''et al.'' |title=Molecular cloning, functional expression and pharmacological characterization of a human bradykinin B2 receptor gene. |journal=Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. |volume=187 |issue= 3 |pages= 1306-13 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1329734 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Kammerer S, Braun A, Arnold N, Roscher AA |title=The human bradykinin B2 receptor gene: full length cDNA, genomic organization and identification of the regulatory region. |journal=Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. |volume=211 |issue= 1 |pages= 226-33 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7779089 |doi= 10.1006/bbrc.1995.1800 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Braun A, Kammerer S, Böhme E, ''et al.'' |title=Identification of polymorphic sites of the human bradykinin B2 receptor gene. |journal=Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. |volume=211 |issue= 1 |pages= 234-40 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7779090 |doi= 10.1006/bbrc.1995.1801 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Ma JX, Wang DZ, Ward DC, ''et al.'' |title=Structure and chromosomal localization of the gene (BDKRB2) encoding human bradykinin B2 receptor. |journal=Genomics |volume=23 |issue= 2 |pages= 362-9 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7835885 |doi= 10.1006/geno.1994.1512 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Powell SJ, Slynn G, Thomas C, ''et al.'' |title=Human bradykinin B2 receptor: nucleotide sequence analysis and assignment to chromosome 14. |journal=Genomics |volume=15 |issue= 2 |pages= 435-8 |year= 1993 |pmid= 7916737 |doi= 10.1006/geno.1993.1084 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Menke JG, Borkowski JA, Bierilo KK, ''et al.'' |title=Expression cloning of a human B1 bradykinin receptor. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=269 |issue= 34 |pages= 21583-6 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8063797 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Hess JF, Borkowski JA, Macneil T, ''et al.'' |title=Differential pharmacology of cloned human and mouse B2 bradykinin receptors. |journal=Mol. Pharmacol. |volume=45 |issue= 1 |pages= 1-8 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8302267 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=McIntyre P, Phillips E, Skidmore E, ''et al.'' |title=Cloned murine bradykinin receptor exhibits a mixed B1 and B2 pharmacological selectivity. |journal=Mol. Pharmacol. |volume=44 |issue= 2 |pages= 346-55 |year= 1993 |pmid= 8394991 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=AbdAlla S, Godovac-Zimmermann J, Braun A, ''et al.'' |title=Structure of the bradykinin B2 receptors' amino terminus. |journal=Biochemistry |volume=35 |issue= 23 |pages= 7514-9 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8652530 |doi= 10.1021/bi9601060 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Isami S, Kishikawa H, Araki E, ''et al.'' |title=Bradykinin enhances GLUT4 translocation through the increase of insulin receptor tyrosine kinase in primary adipocytes: evidence that bradykinin stimulates the insulin signalling pathway. |journal=Diabetologia |volume=39 |issue= 4 |pages= 412-20 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8777990 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Dalemar LR, Ivy Jong YJ, Wilhelm B, Baenziger NL |title=Protein kinases A and C rapidly modulate expression of human lung fibroblast B2 bradykinin receptor affinity forms. |journal=Eur. J. Cell Biol. |volume=69 |issue= 3 |pages= 236-44 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8900488 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Soskic V, Nyakatura E, Roos M, ''et al.'' |title=Correlations in palmitoylation and multiple phosphorylation of rat bradykinin B2 receptor in Chinese hamster ovary cells. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=274 |issue= 13 |pages= 8539-45 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10085087 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Cassano G, Susca F, Lippe C, Guanti G |title=Two B1 and B2 bradykinin receptor antagonists fail to inhibit the Ca2+ response elicited by bradykinin in human skin fibroblasts. |journal=Gen. Pharmacol. |volume=32 |issue= 2 |pages= 239-44 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10188626 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Efremov R, Truong MJ, Darcissac EC, ''et al.'' |title=Human chemokine receptors CCR5, CCR3 and CCR2B share common polarity motif in the first extracellular loop with other human G-protein coupled receptors implications for HIV-1 coreceptor function. |journal=Eur. J. Biochem. |volume=263 |issue= 3 |pages= 746-56 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10469138 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Marrero MB, Venema VJ, Ju H, ''et al.'' |title=Endothelial nitric oxide synthase interactions with G-protein-coupled receptors. |journal=Biochem. J. |volume=343 Pt 2 |issue=  |pages= 335-40 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10510297 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Reyes-Cruz G, Vázquez-Prado J, Müller-Esterl W, Vaca L |title=Regulation of the human bradykinin B2 receptor expressed in sf21 insect cells: a possible role for tyrosine kinases. |journal=J. Cell. Biochem. |volume=76 |issue= 4 |pages= 658-73 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10653985 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Golser R, Gorren AC, Leber A, ''et al.'' |title=Interaction of endothelial and neuronal nitric-oxide synthases with the bradykinin B2 receptor. Binding of an inhibitory peptide to the oxygenase domain blocks uncoupled NADPH oxidation. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=275 |issue= 8 |pages= 5291-6 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10681501 |doi=  }}
}}
{{refend}}

{{NLM content}}
{{membrane-protein-stub}}
{{G protein-coupled receptors}}
{{Neuropeptide receptors}}
[[Category:G protein coupled receptors]]