View source for IRF3

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<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
 | image = PBB_Protein_IRF3_image.jpg
 | image_source = [[Protein Data Bank|PDB]] rendering based on 1j2f.
 | PDB = {{PDB2|1j2f}}, {{PDB2|1qwt}}, {{PDB2|1t2k}}, {{PDB2|1zoq}}
 | Name = Interferon regulatory factor 3
 | HGNCid = 6118
 | Symbol = IRF3
 | AltSymbols =; 
 | OMIM = 603734
 | ECnumber =  
 | Homologene = 1208
 | MGIid = 1859179
 | GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_IRF3_202621_at_tn.png
 | Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003700 |text = transcription factor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003702 |text = RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003712 |text = transcription cofactor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0042803 |text = protein homodimerization activity}} 
 | Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005622 |text = intracellular}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005634 |text = nucleus}} 
 | Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006350 |text = transcription}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006355 |text = regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006366 |text = transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0009615 |text = response to virus}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0045351 |text = interferon type I biosynthetic process}} 
 | Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
    | Hs_EntrezGene = 3661
    | Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000126456
    | Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_001562
    | Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_001571
    | Hs_GenLoc_db =  
    | Hs_GenLoc_chr = 19
    | Hs_GenLoc_start = 54854642
    | Hs_GenLoc_end = 54860926
    | Hs_Uniprot = Q14653
    | Mm_EntrezGene = 54131
    | Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000003184
    | Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_016849
    | Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_058545
    | Mm_GenLoc_db =  
    | Mm_GenLoc_chr = 7
    | Mm_GenLoc_start = 44865702
    | Mm_GenLoc_end = 44870890
    | Mm_Uniprot = O54726
  }}
}}

'''Interferon regulatory factor 3''', also known as '''IRF3''', is an [[interferon regulatory factor]].<ref name="pmid10048763">{{cite journal | author = Hiscott J, Pitha P, Genin P, Nguyen H, Heylbroeck C, Mamane Y, Algarte M, Lin R | title = Triggering the interferon response: the role of IRF-3 transcription factor | journal = J. Interferon Cytokine Res. | volume = 19 | issue = 1 | pages = 1–13 | year = 1999 | pmid = 10048763 | doi = 10.1089/107999099314360 | issn = }}</ref>

It is a member of the interferon regulatory transcription factor (IRF) family.<ref name="pmid10048763"/> IRF3 is found in an inactive cytoplasmic form that upon serine/threonine phosphorylation forms a complex with [[CREB binding protein|CREBBP]].<ref name="pmid11846977">{{cite journal | author = Yoneyama M, Suhara W, Fujita T | title = Control of IRF-3 activation by phosphorylation | journal = J. Interferon Cytokine Res. | volume = 22 | issue = 1 | pages = 73–6 | year = 2002 | pmid = 11846977 | doi = 10.1089/107999002753452674 | issn = }}</ref> This complex translocates to the nucleus and activates the transcription of interferons alpha and beta, as well as other interferon-induced genes.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: IRF3 interferon regulatory factor 3| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=3661| accessdate = }}</ref>

[[Image:Toll-like receptor pathways revised.jpg|thumbnail|left|500px|Signaling pathway of toll-like receptors. Dashed grey lines represent unknown associations]]




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==References==
{{reflist|2}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading 
| citations = 
*{{cite journal  | author=Pitha PM, Au WC, Lowther W, ''et al.'' |title=Role of the interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) in virus-mediated signaling and regulation of cell growth. |journal=Biochimie |volume=80 |issue= 8-9 |pages= 651-8 |year= 1999 |pmid= 9865487 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Yoneyama M, Suhara W, Fujita T |title=Control of IRF-3 activation by phosphorylation. |journal=J. Interferon Cytokine Res. |volume=22 |issue= 1 |pages= 73-6 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11846977 |doi= 10.1089/107999002753452674 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Au WC, Moore PA, Lowther W, ''et al.'' |title=Identification of a member of the interferon regulatory factor family that binds to the interferon-stimulated response element and activates expression of interferon-induced genes. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=92 |issue= 25 |pages= 11657-61 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8524823 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Yoneyama M, Suhara W, Fukuhara Y, ''et al.'' |title=Direct triggering of the type I interferon system by virus infection: activation of a transcription factor complex containing IRF-3 and CBP/p300. |journal=EMBO J. |volume=17 |issue= 4 |pages= 1087-95 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9463386 |doi= 10.1093/emboj/17.4.1087 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Weaver BK, Kumar KP, Reich NC |title=Interferon regulatory factor 3 and CREB-binding protein/p300 are subunits of double-stranded RNA-activated transcription factor DRAF1. |journal=Mol. Cell. Biol. |volume=18 |issue= 3 |pages= 1359-68 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9488451 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Lin R, Heylbroeck C, Pitha PM, Hiscott J |title=Virus-dependent phosphorylation of the IRF-3 transcription factor regulates nuclear translocation, transactivation potential, and proteasome-mediated degradation. |journal=Mol. Cell. Biol. |volume=18 |issue= 5 |pages= 2986-96 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9566918 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Ronco LV, Karpova AY, Vidal M, Howley PM |title=Human papillomavirus 16 E6 oncoprotein binds to interferon regulatory factor-3 and inhibits its transcriptional activity. |journal=Genes Dev. |volume=12 |issue= 13 |pages= 2061-72 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9649509 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Bellingham J, Gregory-Evans K, Gregory-Evans CY |title=Mapping of human interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) to chromosome 19q13.3-13.4 by an intragenic polymorphic marker. |journal=Ann. Hum. Genet. |volume=62 |issue= Pt 3 |pages= 231-4 |year= 1999 |pmid= 9803267 |doi= 10.1046/j.1469-1809.1998.6230231.x }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Lowther WJ, Moore PA, Carter KC, Pitha PM |title=Cloning and functional analysis of the human IRF-3 promoter. |journal=DNA Cell Biol. |volume=18 |issue= 9 |pages= 685-92 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10492399 |doi= 10.1089/104454999314962 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Kim T, Kim TY, Song YH, ''et al.'' |title=Activation of interferon regulatory factor 3 in response to DNA-damaging agents. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=274 |issue= 43 |pages= 30686-9 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10521456 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Kumar KP, McBride KM, Weaver BK, ''et al.'' |title=Regulated nuclear-cytoplasmic localization of interferon regulatory factor 3, a subunit of double-stranded RNA-activated factor 1. |journal=Mol. Cell. Biol. |volume=20 |issue= 11 |pages= 4159-68 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10805757 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Suhara W, Yoneyama M, Iwamura T, ''et al.'' |title=Analyses of virus-induced homomeric and heteromeric protein associations between IRF-3 and coactivator CBP/p300. |journal=J. Biochem. |volume=128 |issue= 2 |pages= 301-7 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10920266 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Servant MJ, ten Oever B, LePage C, ''et al.'' |title=Identification of distinct signaling pathways leading to the phosphorylation of interferon regulatory factor 3. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=276 |issue= 1 |pages= 355-63 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11035028 |doi= 10.1074/jbc. M007790200 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Smith EJ, Marié I, Prakash A, ''et al.'' |title=IRF3 and IRF7 phosphorylation in virus-infected cells does not require double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase R or Ikappa B kinase but is blocked by Vaccinia virus E3L protein. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=276 |issue= 12 |pages= 8951-7 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11124948 |doi= 10.1074/jbc. M008717200 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Au WC, Yeow WS, Pitha PM |title=Analysis of functional domains of interferon regulatory factor 7 and its association with IRF-3. |journal=Virology |volume=280 |issue= 2 |pages= 273-82 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11162841 |doi= 10.1006/viro.2000.0782 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Barnes BJ, Moore PA, Pitha PM |title=Virus-specific activation of a novel interferon regulatory factor, IRF-5, results in the induction of distinct interferon alpha genes. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=276 |issue= 26 |pages= 23382-90 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11303025 |doi= 10.1074/jbc. M101216200 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Mach CM, Hargrove BW, Kunkel GR |title=The Small RNA gene activator protein, SphI postoctamer homology-binding factor/selenocysteine tRNA gene transcription activating factor, stimulates transcription of the human interferon regulatory factor-3 gene. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=277 |issue= 7 |pages= 4853-8 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11724783 |doi= 10.1074/jbc. M108308200 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Morin P, Bragança J, Bandu MT, ''et al.'' |title=Preferential binding sites for interferon regulatory factors 3 and 7 involved in interferon-A gene transcription. |journal=J. Mol. Biol. |volume=316 |issue= 5 |pages= 1009-22 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11884139 |doi= 10.1006/jmbi.2001.5401 }}
}}
{{refend}}

==External links==
* {{MeshName|Interferon+Regulatory+Factor-3}}

{{biochem-stub}}
{{Adaptor proteins}}
{{Transcription factors}}
[[Category:Transcription factors]]
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