View source for APOBEC3G

{{SI}}


'''APOBEC3G''' is a [[human]] [[protein]] belonging to the APOBEC superfamily of proteins<ref name=Malim>[http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v418/n6898/abs/nature00939.html;jsessionid=054486BDC87BDF5630B18BF8D5B3F3B8 Sheehy AM, Gaddis NC, Choi JD, Malim MH.'''Isolation of a human gene that inhibits HIV-1 infection and is suppressed by the viral Vif protein'''. Nature. 2002 Aug 8;418(6898):646-50.]</ref>that interferes with the replication of [[HIV]] and other [[retrovirus]]es. This family of proteins has been suggested to play an important role in innate anti-viral [[immunity (medical)|immunity]].<ref name=Uirusu>[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=16557012&query_hl=3&itool=pubmed_docsum Takaori A.'''Antiviral defense by APOBEC3 family proteins.'''Uirusu. 2005 Dec;55(2):267-72.]</ref>

APOBEC3G and other proteins in the same family are able to act as a [[cytidine deaminase]], inducing numerous '''[[Cytidine|C]]''' to '''[[Uracil|U]]''' mutations in the [[DNA#Strand_direction|negative strand]] of the HIV DNA. This results in many inviable virions. HIV appears to have evolved the Vif gene in order to counteract this effect. Vif does not halt APOBEC activity: it only down-regulates it, perhaps increasing overall HIV success by elevating the mutation rate. It is also able to function as anti-viral protein when its [[active site]] has been mutated so it can no longer mutate retroviral DNA.

It was first identified in 2002 as a cellular factor able to restrict replication of HIV-1 lacking the viral accessory [[protein]] [[Viral infectivity factor|Vif]].  Soon after, it was shown that APOBEC3G belonged to a family of proteins grouped together due to their homology with the [[cytidine deaminase]] [[APOBEC1]].

==References==
<references/>  

http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2006-12/uosc-utr122206.php

==Bibliography==

Sheehy AM, Gaddis NC, Choi JD, Malim MH. Isolation of a human gene that inhibits HIV-1 infection and is suppressed by the viral Vif protein. NATURE 418 (6898): 646-650 AUG 8 2002 



[[de:APOBEC3]]
{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
{{WikiDoc Sources}}



{{WH}}
{{WS}}