View source for Carpus

{{Infobox Bone |
  Name         = Carpus |
  Latin        = ossa carpi |
  GraySubject  = 54 |
  GrayPage     = 221 |
  Image        = Carpus.png |
  Caption      = '''BONES OF HAND'''<BR>''Proximal:'' A=[[Scaphoid bone|Scaphoid]], B=[[Lunate bone|Lunate]], C=[[Triquetral bone|Triquetral]], D=[[Pisiform bone|Pisiform]]<BR>''Distal:'' E=[[Trapezium bone|Trapezium]], F=[[Trapezoid bone|Trapezoid]], G=[[Capitate bone|Capitate]], H=[[Hamate bone|Hamate]]|
  Image2       = |
  Caption2     = |
  System       = |
  MeshName     = Carpal+Bones |
  MeshNumber   = A02.835.232.087.144 |
  DorlandsPre  = o_07 |
  DorlandsSuf  = 12598168  |
}}

{{CMG}}



In [[tetrapod]]s, the '''carpus''' is the cluster of  [[bone]]s in the [[wrist]] between the [[radius (bone)|radius]] and [[ulna]] and the [[metacarpus]].  The bones of the carpus do not belong to individual fingers (or toes in quadrupeds), whereas those of the metacarpus do.  (The corresponding part of the [[foot]] is the [[Tarsus (skeleton)|tarsus]].) Carpal bones are not considered part of the hand but are part of the wrist. The carpal bones allow the wrist to move and rotate vertically and horizontally.

==Variations==
In some [[macropod]]s, the scaphoid and lunar bones are fused into the scapholunar bone.<ref>http://home.brisnet.org.au/~mccready/Swamp%20Wallaby.htm</ref>

==The carpus==

{| class="wikitable"
| '''Row''' || '''Name''' || '''Proximal/radial articulations''' || '''Distal articulations''' || '''Metacarpal articulations'''
 |- 
 | Proximal || [[Scaphoid bone|Scaphoid]] || [[radius (bone)|radius]], lunate  || trapezium, trapezoid, capitate  || -
 |- 
 | Proximal || [[Lunate bone|Lunate]]   || radius, scaphoid, triquetral   || capitate, hamate  || -
 |- 
 | Proximal || [[Triquetral bone|Triquetral]] || lunate, pisiform  (but NOT [[ulna]]) || hamate || -
 |- 
 | Proximal || [[Pisiform bone|Pisiform]] ([[sesamoid bone]]) || triquetral || - || -
 |- 
 | Distal || [[Trapezium (bone)|Trapezium]] || scaphoid  || trapezoid    || [[first metacarpal|#1]] and [[second metacarpal|#2]]
 |- 
 | Distal || [[Trapezoid bone|Trapezoid]] || scaphoid    || trapezium, capitate || #2
 |- 
 | Distal || [[Capitate]]  || scaphoid, lunate || trapezoid, hamate || #2, [[third metacarpal|#3]] and [[fourth metacarpal|#4]]
 |- 
 | Distal || [[Hamate]] || triquetral, lunate || capitate    || [[fourth metacarpal|#4]] and [[fifth metacarpal|#5]]
|}

===Mnemonics===
There exist several [[mnemonic]]s to remember these bones:<ref>{{MedicalMnemonics|414|381|4|3448}}</ref>
*'''S'''ome '''L'''overs '''T'''ry '''P'''ositions '''T'''hat '''T'''hey '''C'''an't '''H'''andle.
*'''S'''ally '''l'''eft '''t'''he '''p'''arty / '''t'''o '''t'''ake '''C'''athy '''h'''ome.

==  Common characteristics of the carpal bones ==
Each bone (excepting the pisiform) presents six (6) surfaces. 

Of these the ''palmar'' or ''anterior'' and the ''dorsal'' or ''posterior surfaces'' are rough, for ligamentous attachment; the dorsal surfaces being the broader, except in the lunate. 

The ''superior'' or ''proximal,'' and ''inferior'' or ''distal surfaces'' are articular, the superior generally convex, the inferior concave; the ''medial'' and ''lateral surfaces'' are also articular where they are in contact with contiguous bones, otherwise they are rough and tuberculated. 

The structure in all is similar: [[cancellous]] tissue enclosed in a layer of [[compact bone]].

== See also ==
*[[Bone#Terminology|Bone terminology]]
*[[Terms for anatomical location]]
*[[Carpal tunnel]]
*[[Carpal tunnel syndrome]]

==Additional images==
<gallery>
 Image:Human hand bones simple.svg |Human hand bones
 Image:Gray219.png|Bones of the left hand. Palmar surface.
 Image:Gray220.png|Bones of the left hand. Dorsal surface.
 Image:Gray336.png|Vertical section through the articulations at the wrist, showing the synovial cavities.
</gallery>

==References==
<references/>

==External links==
* {{SUNYAnatomyLabs|08|os|01|01}} - "Palm of the Hand: Carpal bones"
* {{KansasHandKinesiology|bone/wrist.html}}

{{Bones of upper extremity}}

[[Category:Short bones]]
[[Category:Wrist]]

[[cs:Kostra zápěstí]]
[[de:Handwurzelknochen]]
[[et:Randme luud]]
[[es:Carpo]]
[[fr:Carpe (anatomie)]]
[[it:Carpo]]
[[he:עצמות שורש כף היד]]
[[la:Carpus]]
[[lt:Plaštaka]]
[[nl:Handwortelbeen]]
[[pl:Nadgarstek]]
[[pt:Carpo]]
[[sl:Zapestna kost]]
[[fi:Ranneluu]]
[[sv:Handlov]]
[[th:กระดูกข้อมือ]]
[[uk:Зап'ястя]]
[[zh:腕骨]]

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