View source for Endarterectomy

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{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{UA}}


'''Endarterectomy''' is a [[surgical procedure]] to remove the [[atheroma|atheromatous ''plaque'']] material, or blockage, in the lining of an [[artery]] constricted by the buildup of fatty deposits. It is carried out by separating the plaque from the arterial wall.

It was first performed on a superficial [[femoral artery]] in 1946 by the Portuguese surgeon João Cid dos Santos. In 1951, E. J. Wylie, a North-American, performed it on the [[abdominal aorta]]. The first successful reconstruction of the [[carotid artery]] was performed by Carrea, Molins, and Murphy in Argentina, later in the same year.<ref>[http://stroke.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/full/27/8/1427 Thompson, Jesse E., ''The Evolution of Surgery for the Treatment and Prevention of Stroke''] (retrieved on 2007-04-24)</ref>

The procedure is widely used on the [[carotid]] artery of the neck as a way to reduce the risk of [[cerebrovascular accident|stroke]], particularly when the carotid artery is narrowed by more than 70%. A [[carotid endarterectomy]] may itself cause a stroke at the time of operation, which is why it is not performed prophylactically in asymptomatic patients.

Endarterectomy is also used as a supplement to a vein bypass graft to open up distal segments.

Some forms of [[pulmonary hypertension]] may be amenable to endarterectomy of the [[pulmonary artery]]. This is a highly specialized procedure.

The term '''atherectomy''' is used to describe reconstruction through a [[catheter]].

== Types ==
* [[Carotid endarterectomy]] (CEA)
* [[Pulmonary endarterectomy]]
* [[Aortic endarterectomy]]
* [[Femoral endarterectomy]]

==See also==
* [[Carotid endarterectomy]]
* [[Pulmonary thromboendarterectomy]]

==References==
<references/>

==External links==
* {{MeshName|Endarterectomy}}
* [http://www.springerlink.com/content/f0h55146r42q776l/ Connolly, John E. and Price, Thaine, ''Aortoiliac Endarterectomy: A Lost Art?'', 2005 (abstract)]

{{Cardiac surgery and other cardiovascular procedures}}
[[Category:Vascular surgery]]
[[Category:Surgical procedures]]
[[Category:Surgery]]


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