View source for Fructose 6-phosphate

{{chembox new
| ImageFile = beta-D-fructose-6-phosphate_wpmp.png
| ImageSize = 150px
| IUPACName = [(2R,3R,4S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-5-<br>(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]<br>methoxyphosphonic acid 
| OtherNames = β-D-fructose 6-phosphate, <br>fructose 6-phosphate
| Abbreviations = F6P
| Formula = C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>13</sub>O<sub>9</sub>P
| MolarMass = 262.1535 g/mol
| CASNo = 643-13-0
| Density = 
| Solubility = 
| MeltingPt = 
| BoilingPt = 
| pKa = 
| pKb = 
| IsoelectricPt = 
| DeltaHf = 
| DeltaHc = 
| EINECS = 
| PubChem = 
| SMILES = O1C(CO)(O)C(O)C(O)C1COP<br>(O)(O)=O
| InChI =  
}}

'''Fructose 6-phosphate''' (also known as the '''Neuberg ester''') is [[fructose]] sugar [[phosphorylated]] on carbon 6 (ie. is a [[fructosephosphate]]). The β-<small>D</small>-form of this compound is very common in [[cell (biology)|cells]], the vast majority of [[glucose]] and fructose entering a cell will become converted to this at some point. The name ''Neuberg ester'' comes from the German biochemist [[Carl Neuberg]].

==History==
In 1918, [[Carl Neuberg]] found that the compound (only later identified as fructose 6-phosphate) could be produced by mild acid hydrolysis of "Harden-Young ester" ([[fructose 2,6-bisphosphate]]).<ref>Fruton, Joseph S.  ''Proteins, Enzymes, Genes: The Interplay of Chemistry and Biology''.  Yale University Press: New Haven, 1999. p 292</ref>

==Fructose 6-phosphate in glycolysis==

Fructose 6-phosphate lies within the [[glycolysis]] [[metabolic pathway]] and is produced by isomerisation of [[glucose 6-phosphate]]. It is in turn further phosphorylated to [[fructose-1,6-bisphosphate]]. 
{{-}}
{{Biochemical Reaction
|reaction_A_major_substrate=α-<small>D</small>-[[glucose 6-phosphate]]
|reaction_A_major_substrate_image=alpha-D-glucose-6-phosphate_wpmp.png
|reaction_A_foward_enzyme=[[Phosphoglucose isomerase]]
|reaction_A_reverse_enzyme=[[Phosphoglucose isomerase]]
|reaction_A_reaction_direction_(foward/reversible/reverse)=reversible
|reaction_A_minor_reverse_product(s)=
|reaction_A_minor_reverse_substrate(s)=
|reaction_A_minor_foward_substrate(s)=
|reaction_A_minor_foward_product(s)=
|reaction_A_major_product=β-<small>D</small>-[[fructose 6-phosphate]]
|reaction_A_major_product_image=beta-D-fructose-6-phosphate_wpmp.png
|reaction_B_foward_enzyme=[[Phosphofructokinase-1]]
|reaction_B_reverse_enzyme=[[Fructose bisphosphatase]]
|reaction_B_reaction_direction_(foward/reversible/reverse)=reversible
|reaction_B_minor_foward_substrate(s)=[[adenosine triphosphate|ATP]]
|reaction_B_minor_foward_product(s)=[[ADP]]
|reaction_B_minor_reverse_product(s)=P<sub>i</sub>
|reaction_B_minor_reverse_substrate(s)=H<sub>2</sub>O
|reaction_B_major_product=β-<small>D</small>-[[fructose 1,6-bisphosphate]]
|reaction_B_major_product_image=beta-D-fructose-1,6-bisphosphate_wpmp.png
}}


==Fructose 6-phosphate isomerism==

{{main|Fructose}}
Fructose 6-phosphate has only one biologically active [[isomer]], the β-<small>D</small>-form. There are many other isomers, analogous to those of fructose.

==See also==
* [[Phosphofructokinase 2]] is [[Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate]]. This is one of the regulatory reactions of glycolysis.
* [[Mannose phosphate isomerase]] creates [[mannose-6-phosphate]].

{{Glycolysis}}

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

[[Category:Organophosphates]]

{{Metabolic pathway stub|chemical}}

[[de:Fructose-6-Phosphat]]
[[pt:Frutose-6-fosfato]]
[[zh:果糖-6-磷酸]]