View source for Her 3




{{protein
|Name=v-erb-b2 erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 3 (avian)
|caption=
|image=
|width=
|HGNCid=3431
|Symbol=ERBB3
|AltSymbols=
|EntrezGene=2065
|OMIM=190151
|RefSeq=NM_001982
|UniProt=P21860
|PDB=
|ECnumber=
|Chromosome=12
|Arm=q
|Band=13
|LocusSupplementaryData=
}}
This gene encodes a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of receptor tyrosine kinases. This membrane-bound protein has a neuregulin binding domain but not an active kinase domain. It therefore can bind this ligand but not convey the signal into the cell through protein phosphorylation. However, it does form heterodimers with other EGF receptor family members which do have kinase activity. Heterodimerization leads to the activation of pathways which lead to cell proliferation or differentiation. Amplification of this gene and/or overexpression of its protein have been reported in numerous cancers, including prostate, bladder, and breast tumors. Alternate transcriptional splice variants encoding different isoforms have been characterized. One isoform lacks the intermembrane region and is secreted outside the cell. This form acts to modulate the activity of the membrane-bound form. Additional splice variants have also been reported, but they have not been thoroughly characterized.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: ERBB3 v-erb-b2 erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 3 (avian)| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=2065| accessdate = }}</ref>

'''ErbB3''' (Her-3) is a member of the [[ErbB|epidermal growth factor receptor family]] of [[receptor tyrosine-kinases]].  However, despite the namesake of the protein family to which it belongs, ErbB3 does not have [[kinase]] activity.  Rather, it is thought that ErbB3, when activated, becomes a substrate for dimerization and subsequent phosphorylation by ErbB1, ErbB2 and ErbB4.

Like many of the receptor tyrosine-kinases, ErbB3 is activated by extracellular ligand.  Ligands known to bind to ErbB3 include [[heregulin]].


==See also==
* [[ErbB|Epidermal growth factor receptor family]]
* [[Epidermal growth factor receptor]]
* [[Receptor tyrosine-kinases]]

==External links==
* {{MeshName|HER-3+Proto-Oncogene+Protein}}

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading 
| citations = 
*{{cite journal  | author=Corfas G, Roy K, Buxbaum JD |title=Neuregulin 1-erbB signaling and the molecular/cellular basis of schizophrenia. |journal=Nat. Neurosci. |volume=7 |issue= 6 |pages= 575-80 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15162166 |doi= 10.1038/nn1258 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Plowman GD, Whitney GS, Neubauer MG, ''et al.'' |title=Molecular cloning and expression of an additional epidermal growth factor receptor-related gene. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=87 |issue= 13 |pages= 4905-9 |year= 1990 |pmid= 2164210 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Kraus MH, Issing W, Miki T, ''et al.'' |title=Isolation and characterization of ERBB3, a third member of the ERBB/epidermal growth factor receptor family: evidence for overexpression in a subset of human mammary tumors. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=86 |issue= 23 |pages= 9193-7 |year= 1990 |pmid= 2687875 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Alimandi M, Romano A, Curia MC, ''et al.'' |title=Cooperative signaling of ErbB3 and ErbB2 in neoplastic transformation and human mammary carcinomas. |journal=Oncogene |volume=10 |issue= 9 |pages= 1813-21 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7538656 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Wallasch C, Weiss FU, Niederfellner G, ''et al.'' |title=Heregulin-dependent regulation of HER2/neu oncogenic signaling by heterodimerization with HER3. |journal=EMBO J. |volume=14 |issue= 17 |pages= 4267-75 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7556068 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Horan T, Wen J, Arakawa T, ''et al.'' |title=Binding of Neu differentiation factor with the extracellular domain of Her2 and Her3. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=270 |issue= 41 |pages= 24604-8 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7592681 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Shintani S, Funayama T, Yoshihama Y, ''et al.'' |title=Prognostic significance of ERBB3 overexpression in oral squamous cell carcinoma. |journal=Cancer Lett. |volume=95 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 79-83 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7656248 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Katoh M, Yazaki Y, Sugimura T, Terada M |title=c-erbB3 gene encodes secreted as well as transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase. |journal=Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. |volume=192 |issue= 3 |pages= 1189-97 |year= 1993 |pmid= 7685162 |doi= 10.1006/bbrc.1993.1542 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Culouscou JM, Plowman GD, Carlton GW, ''et al.'' |title=Characterization of a breast cancer cell differentiation factor that specifically activates the HER4/p180erbB4 receptor. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=268 |issue= 25 |pages= 18407-10 |year= 1993 |pmid= 7689552 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Zelada-Hedman M, Werer G, Collins P, ''et al.'' |title=High expression of the EGFR in fibroadenomas compared to breast carcinomas. |journal=Anticancer Res. |volume=14 |issue= 5A |pages= 1679-88 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7847801 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Carraway KL, Sliwkowski MX, Akita R, ''et al.'' |title=The erbB3 gene product is a receptor for heregulin. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=269 |issue= 19 |pages= 14303-6 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8188716 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Shintani S, Funayama T, Yoshihama Y, ''et al.'' |title=Expression of c-erbB family gene products in adenoid cystic carcinoma of salivary glands: an immunohistochemical study. |journal=Anticancer Res. |volume=15 |issue= 6B |pages= 2623-6 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8669836 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Chang H, Riese DJ, Gilbert W, ''et al.'' |title=Ligands for ErbB-family receptors encoded by a neuregulin-like gene. |journal=Nature |volume=387 |issue= 6632 |pages= 509-12 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9168114 |doi= 10.1038/387509a0 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Carraway KL, Weber JL, Unger MJ, ''et al.'' |title=Neuregulin-2, a new ligand of ErbB3/ErbB4-receptor tyrosine kinases. |journal=Nature |volume=387 |issue= 6632 |pages= 512-6 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9168115 |doi= 10.1038/387512a0 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Fiddes RJ, Campbell DH, Janes PW, ''et al.'' |title=Analysis of Grb7 recruitment by heregulin-activated erbB receptors reveals a novel target selectivity for erbB3. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=273 |issue= 13 |pages= 7717-24 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9516479 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Jones JT, Ballinger MD, Pisacane PI, ''et al.'' |title=Binding interaction of the heregulinbeta egf domain with ErbB3 and ErbB4 receptors assessed by alanine scanning mutagenesis. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=273 |issue= 19 |pages= 11667-74 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9565587 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Lee H, Maihle NJ |title=Isolation and characterization of four alternate c-erbB3 transcripts expressed in ovarian carcinoma-derived cell lines and normal human tissues. |journal=Oncogene |volume=16 |issue= 25 |pages= 3243-52 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9681822 |doi= 10.1038/sj.onc.1201866 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Vijapurkar U, Cheng K, Koland JG |title=Mutation of a Shc binding site tyrosine residue in ErbB3/HER3 blocks heregulin-dependent activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=273 |issue= 33 |pages= 20996-1002 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9694850 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Yoo JY, Hamburger AW |title=Interaction of the p23/p198 protein with ErbB-3. |journal=Gene |volume=229 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 215-21 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10095121 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Lin J, Adam RM, Santiestevan E, Freeman MR |title=The phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase pathway is a dominant growth factor-activated cell survival pathway in LNCaP human prostate carcinoma cells. |journal=Cancer Res. |volume=59 |issue= 12 |pages= 2891-7 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10383151 |doi=  }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{Receptor tyrosine kinases}}
{{Oncogenes}}
{{Tumor markers}}
[[Category:Tyrosine kinase receptors]]
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