View source for Jean Lhermitte

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==Overview==
[[File:Lhermitte 1901.gif|thumbnail|left|Lhermitte as an intern in 1901.]]
''For the Navy officer, see [[Jean-Marthe-Adrien l'Hermite]]''

'''Jacques Jean Lhermitte''' ({{IPAc-en|l|ɛr|ˈ|m|iː|t}}) (January 20, 1877 &ndash; 1959) was a [[France|French]] [[neurology|neurologist]] and [[Neuropsychiatry|neuropsychiatrist]].

He was born in [[Mont-Saint-Père]], [[Aisne]], son of [[Léon Augustin Lhermitte]], a French realist painter. Following his early education at [[Saint-Etienne]], he studied in [[Paris]] and graduated in medicine in 1907. He specialised in [[neurology]] and became ''Chef-de-clinique'' (resident) for [[nervous diseases]] in 1908, ''Chef de laboratoire'' in 1910, and ''professeur agrégé'' for [[psychiatry]] 1922. He later became ''Médecin des Hôpitaux'' at the "Hospice Paul Brousse", head of the foundation "[[Joseph Jules Dejerine|Dejerine]]", and clinical director at the [[Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital|Salpêtrière Hospital]].

During [[World War I]] he studied spinal injuries and became interested in [[neuropsychiatry]]. This led to publications on visual [[hallucinations]] of the self. A deeply religious man, he explored the common territory between [[theology]] and [[medicine]], and this led to interesting studies on [[demoniacal possession]] and [[stigmatisation]]. 

Lhermitte was a noted clinical neurologist, and a number of medically relevant [[eponym]]s bear his name:

* ''[[Lhermitte's sign]]'': Flexion of the neck in patients with [[multiple sclerosis]] produces electric shock-like sensations that extend down the [[Vertebral column|spine]] and may shoot into the limbs.
* ''Lhermitte's peduncular hallucinosis'': Purely visual hallucinations recognized as unreal, abnormal phenomena (preserved insight).
* ''Lhermitte's syndrome'': A rare [[syndrome]] of [[ocular palsy]] with [[pathologic nystagmus|nystagmus]] and [[paralysis]] of [[adduction]] during attempted lateral deviation of the eyes.
* ''Lhermitte-Cornil-Quesnel syndrome'': A slowly progressive [[pyramidal tract|pyramido]][[globus pallidus|pallidal]] degeneration.
* ''[[Lhermitte-Duclos syndrome]]'': A rare [[pathology|pathologic]] entity with <!--progrediating (no idea what word was meant here--> [[organ hypertrophy|hypertrophy]] chiefly of the ''[[stratum granulosum]]'' of the [[cerebellum]].
* ''Lhermitte-Lévy syndrome'': A syndrome of slowly progressing paralysis after a [[stroke]].
* ''Lhermitte-McAlpine syndrome'': A combined pyramidal and extrapyramidal tract syndrome in middle-aged and elderly persons.
* ''Lhermitte-Trelles syndrome'': A syndrome characterized by [[lymphoblast]]ic infiltration of the [[peripheral nervous system]], associated with paralysis and [[amyotrophy]].

==Bibliography==

* ''Techniques anatomo-pathologiques du système nerveux''. [[Paris]], 1914
* ''Psycho-névroses de guerre''. [[Paris]], 1916
* ''Les blessures de la moelle épinière''. [[Paris]], 1917
* ''La section totale de la moelle épinière''. [[Paris]], 1918
* ''Les fondements biologiques de la psychologie''. [[Paris]], 1925
* ''Les hallucinations: clinique et physiopathologie''. [[Paris]], 1951

{{Authority control}}
{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
| NAME              = Lhermitte, Jean
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = French neurologist
| DATE OF BIRTH     = January 20, 1877
| PLACE OF BIRTH    =
| DATE OF DEATH     = 1959
| PLACE OF DEATH    =
}}

[[Category:History of neuroscience]]