View source for Mondor's disease

__NOTOC__
{{Infobox_Disease |
  Name           = {{PAGENAME}} |
  Image          = |
  Caption        = |
  DiseasesDB     = 32183 |
  ICD10          = {{ICD10|I|80|8|i|80}} ([[ILDS]] I80.81) |
  ICD9           = {{ICD9|451.89}} |
  ICDO           = |
  OMIM           = |
  MedlinePlus    = |
  eMedicineSubj  = derm |
  eMedicineTopic = 909 |
  MeshID         = |
}}
{{SI}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{S.M}}

==Overview==
'''Mondor's disease''' is a rare condition which involves [[thrombophlebitis]] of the superficial [[vein]]s of the [[breast]] and anterior chest wall. It sometimes occurs in the [[arm]] or penis.

==Historical Perspective==
It is named after Henri Mondor (1885-1962), a [[surgery|surgeon]] in Paris, France who first described the disease in 1939.


==Differentiating Mondor's Disease from other Diseases==
Mondor's disease must be differentiated from other diseases that cause [[breast pain]] and [[swelling]].

<small>'''ABBREVIATIONS'''<br>LAP=Lymphadenopathy, HRT=Hormonal replacement therapy, FNA=Fine needle aspiration, DCIS=Ductal carcinoma in-situ</small>

<small>
{|
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" rowspan="3" |Diseases
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" rowspan="3" |Benign or 
Malignant
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" colspan="8" |Clinical manifestation
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" colspan="2" |Paraclinical findings
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" rowspan="3" |Gold standard diagnosis
|-
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" rowspan="2" |Demography
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" rowspan="2" |History
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" colspan="3" |Symptoms
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" colspan="3" |Signs
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" rowspan="2" |Histopathology
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" rowspan="2" |Imaging
|-
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Mass
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Mastalgia
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Nipple discharge
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Breast exam
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Skin changes
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |LAP
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Fibroadenoma]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Benign]]
* Very slight increased risk of [[breast cancer]] in complex [[fibroadenoma]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Most common [[benign]] [[tumor]], women aged 20-30 years
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Increases in size during [[pregnancy]] or with [[estrogen]] therapy, and regress after [[menopause]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |±
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Solitary
* Well-defined
* Mobile mass
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Proliferative [[breast]] lesion without [[atypia]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |[[Ultrasound]]:
* Well-defined
* Solid mass
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Mammography]]  
* [[Ultrasound]]  
* [[Biopsy]]
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Breast]] [[cyst]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Benign]]
* No increased risk of [[malignancy]] for simple [[cyst]]
* <1% for complicated [[cyst]]
* <1% to 23% for complex [[cyst]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Common masses found in [[premenopausal]], [[perimenopausal]], and [[postmenopausal]] women
* Mostly seen among [[HRT]] users
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* May resolve after aspiration
* Further evaluation for unresolved masses
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |±
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Solitary
* Cluster of small masses or an ill-defined mass
* Smooth, firm, and frequently [[Tenderness|tender]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Nonproliferative [[breast]] lesions
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |[[Ultrasound]]:
* Simple [[cyst]]: Well circumscribed, posterior acoustic enhancement without internal echoes 
* Complicated [[cyst]]: Homogenous low-level internal echoes due to without solid components
* Complex [[cyst]]: Thick walls greater than 0.5 mm with solid component
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Ultrasound]]
* [[Fine needle aspiration]] ([[FNA]]) 
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Fibrocystic change
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" left" |
* [[Benign]]
* No increased risk of [[malignancy]]
* Slightly increased risk of [[malignancy]] in presence of positive [[familial history]] of [[breast cancer]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Unknown prevalence among adolescents
* >50% in women of reproductive age
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Present before menses and improve during [[menstruation]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |±
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Painful [[breast]] tissue
* Tender, [[nodular]] swelling
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Nonproliferative [[breast]] lesions
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |[[Ultrasound]]:
* Small [[cysts]] in [[mammary]] zone
* Fibroglandular tissue around the mass
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Ultrasound]]
* [[Mammography]] (it is not recommended for adolescents)
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Galactocele]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Benign]]
* No increased risk of [[malignancy]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Milk retention [[cysts]] with fluid collection among [[pregnant]] women and during [[breast-feeding]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* After ending [[lactation]], the [[cysts]] resolve
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |±
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |±
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Soft masses
* [[Cystic]] masses
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Inflammation]] of lactate ducts due to extension, results in wall [[fibrosis]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |[[Mammography]]:
* Intermediate mass in absence of classic fat-fluid level
[[Ultrasound]]:
* Complex mass
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Ultrasound]]
* [[Mammography]]
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Cysts]] of [[Glands of Montgomery|montgomery]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Benign]]
* No increased risk of [[malignancy]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Most common in age of 10-20 years old
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* More than 80% resolve spontaneously
* Drainage is essential in rare cases
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |±
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |±
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Asymptomatic subareolar mass
* Drainage of clear to brownish fluid
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |±
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Acute]] [[inflammation]] due to [[obstruction]] of the [[Montgomery's glands|Montgomery's gland]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |[[Ultrasound]]:
* Single [[cystic]] lesion in retroareolar area
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Ultrasound]]
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Hemangioma|Hamartoma]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Benign]]
* Coexisting [[malignancy]] may be present
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Common in women older than 35 years old
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Asymptomatic]] ones found incidentally or painless [[breast lump]]
* Usually excised
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |±
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Soft [[breast lump]]
* [[Breast]] enlargement without palpable mass
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |±
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Benign]] proliferation of [[fibrous]], [[glandular]], and fatty tissue
* Thin capsule of [[connective tissue]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |[[Mammography]]:
* Well-described 
* Discrete, solid, and encapsulated lesion
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Ultrasound]]
* [[Mammography]]
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Breast abscess]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Benign]]
* No increased risk of [[malignancy]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Complication of lactational [[mastitis]] in 14% of cases
* Common among African-American women, heavy smokers , and [[obese]] patients
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Resolve after drainage/[[antibiotic therapy]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Localized [[inflammation]] of [[breast]]
* [[Tenderness]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Mixed [[inflammatory]] feature by [[neutrophils]].
* [[Granulation tissue]] and [[chronic]] [[inflammation]] feature caused by  [[Gram-positive cocci]] 
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |[[Ultrasound]]:
* Fluid collection
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Ultrasound]]
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Mastitis]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Benign]]
* No increased risk of [[malignancy]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Common among lactating women (first three months of [[breast-feeding]])
* Periductal [[mastitis]] among smokers and associated with [[squamous]] [[metaplasia]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Resolve after drainage/[[antibiotic therapy]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |±
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |±
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Breast]] [[tenderness]]
* Swollen [[breast]] [[tissue]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |[[Breast]] [[parenchyma]]    [[inflammation]]:
* [[Acute]] [[mastitis]]: [[Staphylococcus]] [[infection]] 
* [[Granulomatous]] [[mastitis]]: [[Tuberculosis]] or [[sarcoidosis]] [[infection]] 
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |[[Ultrasound]]:
* Ill-defined area with hyperechogenicity with inflamed fat lobules
* Skin thickening
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Ultrasound]]
|-
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Diseases
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Benign or<br>Malignant
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Demography
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |History
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Mass
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Mastalgia
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Nipple discharge
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Breast exam
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Skin changes
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |LAP
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Histopathology
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Imaging
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Gold standard diagnosis
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Breast carcinoma]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Malignant]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Most common diagnosed [[cancer]] among women
* Leading cause of cancer death in women 40-49 years old
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Positive [[family history]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |±
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Hard 
* Immobile
* Solitary
* Irregular margin
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |±
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |±
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Molecular alteration in [[epithelial cells]]
* Ductal
* [[Lobular]]
* Ductal/lobular
* [[Mucinous]]
* [[Tubular]]
* [[Medullary]]
* [[Papillary]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |[[Mammography]]:
* Spiculated soft tissue, mass [[microcalcification]]
[[Ultrasound|Ultrasound:]]
* Spiculated, hypoechoic lesion, shadowing, internal [[calcification]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Ultrasound]]
* [[Mammography]]
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Ductal carcinoma in situ]] ([[DCIS]])
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Malignant]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Approximately 25% of all [[Breast Cancer|breast cancers]]
* Increase risk with [[ageing]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Positive [[family history]]
* Nulliparity
* [[Obesity]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |±
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |±
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* May have normal physical exam
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Noninvasive [[breast cancer]]
* Heterogenous group of [[neoplastic]] lesions
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |[[Mammography|Mammography:]]
* Suspicious [[microcalcification]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Mammography]]
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Microinvasive [[breast cancer]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Malignant]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Rare
* Commonly referred to [[DCIS]] with microinvasion 
* Average age 50-60 years old
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Nulliparity
* Positive [[family history]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |±
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Solitary 
* Firm palpable mass
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |±
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Associated with high grade [[DCIS]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |[[Mammography]]:
* A mass with or without [[calcification]]
* Stromal reaction
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Mammography]]
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Breast]] [[sarcoma]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Malignant]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Rare type, < 1% of all breast malignancies
* Average age of between 45-50 years
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Positive history of [[breast cancer]]
* Rapid increase in size
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Well-defined
* Firm mass
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |±
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Heterogeneous nonepithelial malignancies from [[connective tissue]] of breast
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |[[Mammography]]:
* Noncalcified oval mass Indistinct margins
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Mammography]]
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Phyllodes tumor]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Benign]] or
* [[Malignant]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Most common in [[premenopausal]] women (40-50 years)
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Represent 1% of breast tumors
* Grow aggressively
* Classify in [[benign]], [[borderline]], and [[malignant]] groups
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |±
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Smooth and multinodular 
* Well-defined 
* Firm mass
* Mobile
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Nonepithelial breast [[neoplasm]] with average size of 5 cm
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |[[Ultrasound]]:
* Solid mass
* Hypoechoic
* Well-circumscribed
[[Mammography]]:
* Smooth mass
* Polylobulated mass
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Ultrasound]]
* [[Mammography]]
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Lymphoma]] 
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Malignant]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Extremely rare ( 0.04%-0.5%)
* Average age 55-60 years
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Unilateral mass in older women
* In childbearing women, bilateral and similar to [[inflammatory]] [[breast cancer]], possibly having [[Burkitt lymphoma]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Well-defined, firm mass
* Multiple
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |±
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Diffuse growth pattern with large cells like [[immunoblast]] associated with [[neutrophils]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |[[Mammography]]:
* Nonspecific circumscribed masses 
* Without [[calcification]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Mammography]]
* Core [[biopsy]]
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Duct ectasia]]
| align="Left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Benign]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Common among [[perimenopausal]] women
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Usually resolve spontaneously
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |±
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |±
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |±
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Usually asymptomatic
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Distention of subareolar ducts
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |[[Ultrasound]]:
* Dilated milk ducts 
* Fluid-filled ducts
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Ultrasound]]
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |Intraductal [[papilloma]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Benign]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Common in women between 35-55 years old
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Possibly [[benign]]
* Harbor areas of [[atypia]] or [[DCIS]]
* Surgical [[excision]] is recommended
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |±
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |±
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Solitary or multiple lesion
* Large lump near nipple
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Growth of papillary cell into a lumen
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |[[Ultrasound]]:
* Well-defined
* Solid nodule
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Core needle [[biopsy]]
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Lipoma]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Benign]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Common between age of 40-60 years old
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Benign]] tumors
* May experience recurrence
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Solitary
* Mobile 
* Soft mass
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Mature [[adipocytes]] without lipoblasts or [[atypia]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |[[Ultrasound]]:
* Well-Circumscribed
* Hypoechoic lesion
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Core needle [[biopsy]]
* Excisional [[biopsy]]
|
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Sclerosing adenosis]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Small risk of [[malignancy]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Recurrent pain during mensturation
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* May present as a mass or incidental finding on [[mammogram]]
* No treatment is needed
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |±
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Multiple lesion
* Firm
* Tender nodules
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |±
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Proliferative disease
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |[[Mammography]]:
* Well-defined or irregular mass
* [[Microcalcification]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Mammography]]
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
|-
| align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |'''Pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia'''
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Benign]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Common in reproductive age women
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Benign]] stromal [[proliferation]]
* Stimulation of vascular lesion
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Solitary firm mass
* Thickening
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Slit-like spaces between [[glandular]] units  
* Maybe confused with mammary [[angiosarcoma]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |[[Mammography]] and [[ultrasound]]:
* Well-defined
* Solid mass
* Noncalcified
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Ultrasound]]
* [[Mammography]]
|-
| align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |'''[[Mondor's disease]]'''
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Benign]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Uncommon [[benign]] disease
* Occur on outer side of [[breast]] or under [[nipple]] 
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Benign]] and self-limiting disease
* Resolve after 4-6 weeks
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Thick and tender cord on breast skin
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* N/A
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |[[Ultrasound]]:
* [[Tubular]] anechoic structure 
* Multiple narrowing areas
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Clinical examination
* [[Ultrasound]]
|-
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Diseases
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Benign or<br>Malignant
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Demography
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |History
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Mass
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Mastalgia
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Nipple discharge
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Breast exam
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Skin changes
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |LAP
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Histopathology
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Imaging
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Gold standard diagnosis
|-
| align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |'''[[Diabetic]] mastopathy'''
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Benign]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Lymphocytic]] [[mastitis]] or mastopathy
* Common among [[premenopausal]] women
* Longstanding [[diabetes mellitus type 1]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Suspicious breast mass
* After [[diagnosis]], excision is not required
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Ill-defined mass
* Immobile
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Dense keloid-like [[fibrosis]] 
* Periductal, lobular, and perivascular [[lymphocytic]] [[Infiltration (medical)|infiltration]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |[[Ultrasound]]:
* Irregular mass
* Hypoechoic
* Dense lesion
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Ultrasound]]
* Core needle [[biopsy]]
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Gynecomastia]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Benign]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Benign breast tissue swelling among men and boys around [[puberty]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Benign]] [[proliferation]] of the male breast [[glandular tissue]] 
* Usually underlying nipple mass
* At least 0.5 cm
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |±
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |±
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Unilateral or bilateral firm mass
* Breast swelling
* Rubbery mass
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Glandular]] breast changes
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |[[Ultrasound]]:
* [[Nodular]] pattern
* Dendritic pattern
* Diffuse [[glandular]] pattern
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Ultrasound]]
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Sarcoidosis]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Benign]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Rare in patients with systemic involvement
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Benign]] palpable mass
* May mimic [[malignancy]] feature
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Firm mass
* Hard mass
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Epithelioid]] [[granulomas]] with multinucleated [[giant cell]] with rare [[necrosis]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |[[Mammography]]:
* Irregular 
* Ill-defined
* Spiculated solid mass
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Biopsy]]
|-
! align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Fat necrosis]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Benign]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Common among women
* May mimic [[malignancy]] features
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Benign]] [[breast lumps]] develop after [[trauma]]/ [[surgery]]
* Suspicious lumps required [[biopsy]]
* No [[excision]] in established diagnosis
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" | +
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |±
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Hard or smooth mass
* Solitary mass
* Mobile
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="center" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |–
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* Collections of liquefied fat
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |[[Ultrasound]]:
* Collections of liquefied fat
* Oil [[cysts]]
| align="left" style="background:#F5F5F5;" |
* [[Ultrasound]]
|}
</small>


==External links.== 
* Image: http://www.medcyclopaedia.com/library/topics/volume_iii_2/m/MONDORS_DISEASE.aspx
* Article: http://www.plasticsurgerypa.com/index.cfm?event=ProductView&CategoryID=45&SubcategoryID=102&ProductID=272

[[Category:Breast]]
[[Category:Needs content]]

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