View source for Strain (injury)



{{This|the injury|strain}}
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A '''strain''' is an [[injury]] to a [[muscle]] in which the [[muscle fiber]]s tear as a result of [[stretching|overstretching]]. Strains are also colloquially known as ''pulled muscles''. The equivalent injury to a [[ligament]] is a [[sprain]].

Typical [[symptom]]s of a strain include localized [[Pain and nociception|pain]], [[stiffness]], [[inflammation]], and [[bruising]] around the strained muscle.

==Causes==
Strains can happen to anyone and are certainly not restricted to athletes.  In fact people can commonly get strains from simple, everyday tasks. Nevertheless, people who play sports are more at risk of developing a strain.

[[Whiplash (medicine)|Whiplash]] is a specific type of strain AND sprain injury to the [[neck]] and upper [[back]]. One can suffer with whiplash symptoms for many years after a serious car accident.<ref name="titleCar crashes and Osteopathy - How osteopathy relieve neck pain and stiffness as a result of a whiplash injury and painful joints.">{{cite web |url=http://www.osteo.co.il/car_crashes_whiplash_road_traffic_accident.html |title=Car crashes and Osteopathy - How osteopathy relieve neck pain and stiffness as a result of a whiplash injury and painful joints. |accessdate=2007-12-16 |format= |work=}}</ref>

==Treatment==
The first modality for a muscle strain in the [[acute phase]] is [[R.I.C.E.]]<ref>{{MedicalMnemonics|235|||}}</ref>

* '''Rest:''' Stop all activities which cause pain to avoid the strain becoming more serious.

* '''Ice:''' Helps reduce swelling. Never ice for more than 10-15 minutes at a time. Use a layer of fabric or paper in between the ice and the injury to avoid burning the skin.

* '''Compression:''' Wrap the strained area to reduce swelling.

* '''Elevation:''' Keep the strained area as close to the level of the heart as is conveniently possible to keep blood from pooling in the injured area.

The Ice and Compression ([[Cold compression therapy]]) will stop the pain and swelling while the injury starts to heal itself.  Controlling the inflammation is critical to the healing process and the icing further restricts fluid leaking into the injured area as well as controlling pain.

[[Cold compression therapy]] wraps are a useful way to combine Icing and Compression to stop swelling and pain.

===See also===
* [[Repetitive strain injury]]

==References==
<references/>

{{Dislocations, sprains and strains}}
[[Category:Traumatology]]
[[Category:Injuries]]

[[de:Muskelzerrung]]
[[es:Desgarro muscular]]
[[ja:肉離れ]]
[[pt:Distensão]]

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