Substance or medication induced psychotic disorder: Difference between revisions

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{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{JH}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{JH}}


{{SK}} Medication induced psychotic disorder; substance induced psychotic disorder; substance-medication induced psychotic disorder
{{SK}} Medication-induced psychotic disorder; Substance-induced psychotic disorder; Substance/medication-induced psychotic disorder


==Overview==
==Overview==
Substance-induced psychotic disorder is defined as hallucinations and/or delusions that occur soon after substance intoxication or withdrawal and that are not better explained by a psychotic disorder.


==Differential Diagnosis==
==Differential Diagnosis==
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*Schizophrenia spectrum
*Schizophrenia spectrum
*[[Delusional disorder]]
*[[Delusional disorder]]
*Opioid meperidine<ref name=DSMV>{{cite book | title = Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders : DSM-5 | publisher = American Psychiatric Association | location = Washington, D.C | year = 2013 | isbn = 0890425558 }}</ref>
*Meperidine use<ref name=DSMV>{{cite book | title = Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders : DSM-5 | publisher = American Psychiatric Association | location = Washington, D.C | year = 2013 | isbn = 0890425558 }}</ref>
 
==Epidemiology and Demographics==
===Prevalence===
The prevalence of substance/medication-induced psychotic disorder is unknown of the overall population.<ref name=DSMV>{{cite book | title = Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders : DSM-5 | publisher = American Psychiatric Association | location = Washington, D.C | year = 2013 | isbn = 0890425558}}</ref>


==Risk Factors==
==Risk Factors==
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*History of psychopathic disorder <ref name=DSMV>{{cite book | title = Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders : DSM-5 | publisher = American Psychiatric Association | location = Washington, D.C | year = 2013 | isbn = 0890425558 }}</ref>
*History of psychopathic disorder <ref name=DSMV>{{cite book | title = Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders : DSM-5 | publisher = American Psychiatric Association | location = Washington, D.C | year = 2013 | isbn = 0890425558 }}</ref>


==Natural History, Complications and Prognosis==
==Prognosis==
Poor prognosis factors include:
Poor prognostic factors include:
*[[Depersonalization]]
*[[Depersonalization]]
*Flashbacks
*Flashbacks

Latest revision as of 16:47, 12 November 2014

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Jesus Rosario Hernandez, M.D. [2]

Synonyms and keywords: Medication-induced psychotic disorder; Substance-induced psychotic disorder; Substance/medication-induced psychotic disorder

Overview

Substance-induced psychotic disorder is defined as hallucinations and/or delusions that occur soon after substance intoxication or withdrawal and that are not better explained by a psychotic disorder.

Differential Diagnosis

Risk Factors

  • Cocaine usage
  • Heavy and constant ingestion of alcohol
  • History of psychopathic disorder [1]

Prognosis

Poor prognostic factors include:

Diagnostic Criteria

DSM-V Diagnostic Criteria for Substance/Medication-induced Psychotic Disorder

  • A. Presence of one or both of the following symptoms:
1. Delusions
2. Hallucinations

AND

  • B. There is evidence from the history, physical examination, or laboratory findings of both (1) and (2):
1. The symptoms in Criterion A developed during or soon after substance intoxication or withdrawal or after exposure to a medication.
2. The involved substance/medication is capable of producing the symptoms in Criterion A.

AND

  • C. The disturbance is not better explained by a psychotic disorder that is not substance/medication-induced. Such evidence of an independent psychotic disorder could include the following:

The symptoms preceded the onset of the substance/medication use; the symptoms persist for a substantial period of time (e.g., about 1 month) after the cessation of acute withdrawal or severe intoxication: or there is other evidence of an independent non-substance/medication-induced psychotic disorder (e.g., a history of recurrent non-substance/medication-related episodes).

AND

  • D. The disturbance does not occur exclusively during the course of a delirium.

AND

  • E. The disturbance causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.

Note: This diagnosis should be made instead of a diagnosis of substance intoxication or substance withdrawal only when the symptoms in Criterion A predominate in the clinical picture and when they are sufficiently severe to warrant clinical attention.

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders : DSM-5. Washington, D.C: American Psychiatric Association. 2013. ISBN 0890425558.

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