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| __NOTOC__
| | #Redirect [[Aortic regurgitation overview]] |
| {{Aortic insufficiency}}
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| {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{RT}}
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| ==Overview==
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| Aortic insufficiency is defined as reverse or backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastolic phase of the heart beat.
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| ==Classification==
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| [[Aortic insufficiency]] can be acute or chronic. | |
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| ==Pathophysiology==
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| Pathophysiology of acute aortic regurgitation involves sudden large regurgitant volume of blood imposed on unprepared left ventricle. There will not be any acute left ventricular enlargement as enlargement usually takes place over a period of time. The effective left ventricle stroke volume is reduced because of the reverse flow of blood from [[aorta]]. This leads to rapid increase in left ventricular end diastolic pressures. Patients tend to develop [[pulmonary edema]] because of the reversal of pressure gradients. Cardiac output is reduced and inturn blood pressure. [[Tachycardia]] can not compensate for the lowering cardiac output.
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| ==Causes==
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| Aortic insufficiency can be caused by defects in the intrinsic valve or ascending aorta (root).
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| * '''Intrinsic Valvular''':
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| ** Degenerative / calcific aortic valve
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| ** [[Endocarditis]]
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| ** [[Bicuspid aortic valve]]
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| ** [[Rheumatic fever]]
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| ** Valvulitis
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| ** Anorectic drugs
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| * '''Ascending aorta (root)''':
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| ** Degenerative
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| ** Type A aortic dissection
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| ** [[Marfan syndrome]]
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| ** [[Giant cell arteries]]
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| ** Inflammatory:
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| *** [[Reiter's syndrome]]
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| *** [[Behcet's disease]]
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| *** [[Ankylosing spondylitis]]
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| *** [[Relapsing polychondritis]]
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| *** [[Psoriatic arthritis]]
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| ==References==
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| {{reflist|2}}
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| [[Category:Disease]]
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| [[Category:Cardiology]]
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| [[Category:Valvular heart disease]]
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| [[Category:Congenital heart disease]]
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| [[Category:Surgery]]
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| [[Category:Cardiac surgery]]
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| [[Category:Mature chapter]]
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| [[Category:Overview complete]]
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| [[Category:Template complete]]
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| {{WH}}
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| {{WS}}
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