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{{Shock}}
{{Shock}}
{{CMG}}
{{CMG}}
==Causes==
==Causes==
===Life Threatening Causes===
Shock is a life-threatening condition and must be treated as such irrespective of the underlying cause.
===Common Causes===
* '''Cardiogenic shock'''
:* ''Arrhythmic''
::* [[Sinoatrial block]]
::* [[Atrioventricular block]]
::* [[Ventricular tachycardia]]
::* [[Supraventricular tachycardia]]
:* ''Mechanical''
::* [[Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]]
::* [[mitral regurgitation|Acute mitral regurgitation]]
::* [[Ventricular septal defect]]
:* ''Myopathic''
::* [[Cardiomyopathy]]
::* [[Myocardial contusion]]
::* [[Myocardial infarction]]
::* [[Myocarditis]]
::* [[ischemia|Postischemic]] [[myocardial stunning]]
::* [[Sepsis|Septic myocardial depression]]
::* [[Hypothyroidism|Hypothyroidism]]
:* ''Pharmacologic''
::* [[Anthracycline]]s
::* [[Calcium channel blockers]]
* '''Obstructive shock'''
:* ''Decreased cardiac compliance''
::* [[Cardiac tamponade]]
::* [[Constrictive pericarditis]]
::* [[Idiopathic]]
::* [[Myocardial infarction|Postinfarction free wall rupture]]
::* [[Trauma]]
::* [[Tumor]]
::* [[Uremia]]
:* ''Decreased ventricular preload''
::* [[thorax|Intrathoracic]] [[tumor]]
::* [[Mechanical ventilation|Mechanical ventilation]] with [[PEEP|positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)]]
::* [[Tension pneumothorax]]
:* ''Increased ventricular afterload''
::* [[Aortic dissection]]
::* [[Pulmonary embolism]]
::* [[pulmonary hypertension|Acute pulmonary hypertension]]
::* [[Pulmonary embolism|Saddle embolus]]
* '''Hypovolemic shock'''
:* ''Fluid depletion''
::* [[Dehydration]]
::* [[Diarrhea]]
::* [[Burn|Extensive burns]]
::* [[Polyuria]]
::* [[Vomiting]]
::* [[Fluid compartments#Third Spacing|Third spacing (as in endometritis, pancreatitis, peritonitis, pleural effusions)]]
:* ''Hemorrhage''
::* [[Ectopic pregnancy]]
::* [[Gastrointestinal bleeding]]
::* [[peptic ulcer|Perforated peptic ulcer]]
::* [[procedure|Post-procedural]] or [[surgery|post-surgical]]
::* [[Retroperitoneal hemorrhage]]
::* [[ovarian cyst|Rupture ovarian cyst]]
::* [[Trauma]]
* '''Distributive shock'''
::* [[Sepsis]]
::* [[Toxic shock syndrome]]
::* [[Anaphylactic]] or [[anaphylactoid reaction]]
::* [[Neurogenic shock]]
::* [[Adrenal crisis]]
===Causes by Organ System===
{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | [[STEMI|Acute ST elevation MI]],  [[Aortic dissection]],  [[Aortic stenosis]],  [[Arrhythmia]],  [[Cardiac tamponade]],  [[Cardiomyopathy]],  [[Constrictive pericarditis]],  [[Endocarditis]],  [[Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]],  [[Myocarditis]],  [[Papillary muscle rupture]], [[Dextran]],  [[Valvular stenosis]],  [[Vena cava]] [[occlusion]]
|-
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dermatologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|  [[Cidofovir]], [[Doxorubicin Hydrochloride]], [[Meropenem]], [[Pergolide]], [[Pilocarpine]], [[Pramipexole]], [[Protamine sulfate]], [[Theophylline]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ear Nose Throat'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Endocrine'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Addisonian crisis]],  [[Hyperglycemia]],  [[Hyperthyroidism|Hyperthyroid]] [[coma]],  [[Hypoglycemia]],  [[Hypothyroidism|Hypothyroid]] [[coma]],  [[Pheochromocytoma]],  [[Pituitary failure]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Environmental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Ascites]],  [[Gastrointestinal bleeding]],  [[Gastrointestinal]] [[volume depletion|fluid loss]],  [[Hepatic failure]],  [[Mesenteric ischemia]],  [[Pancreatitis]],  [[Peritonitis]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Genetic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Hematologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Blood transfusions]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Iatrogenic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Incision and drainage|Overdrainage]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Infectious Disease'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Neurologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Cerebrovascular accident]],  [[Cranium|Craniocerebral]] [[trauma]],  [[Paraplegia]],  [[Spinal anesthesia]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Nutritional/Metabolic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Oncologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ophthalmologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Overdose/Toxicity'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Psychiatric'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Pulmonary'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Hemothorax]],  [[Pneumonia]],  [[PEEP|Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)]],  [[Pulmonary embolism]],  [[Tension pneumothorax]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Renal/Electrolyte'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Polyuria]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Anaphylaxis]], [[Anaphylactoid]], [[Contrast media]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Sexual'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Trauma'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Urologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Miscellaneous'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Dehydration]],  [[Drugs]],  [[Insect bites]],  [[Retroperitoneal hemorrhage]],  [[Soft tissue]] [[hemorrhage]],  [[Organ (anatomy)|Visceral]] [[rupture]]
|-
|}
===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
{{col-begin|width=80%}}
{{col-break|width=33%}}
* [[STEMI|Acute ST elevation MI]]
* [[Addisonian crisis]]
* [[Anaphylaxis]]
* [[Aortic dissection]]
* [[Aortic stenosis]]
* [[Arrhythmia]]
* [[Ascites]]
* [[Blood transfusions]]
* [[Cardiac tamponade]]
* [[Cardiomyopathy]]
* [[Cerebrovascular accident]]
* [[Constrictive pericarditis]]
* [[Contrast media]]
* [[Cranium|Craniocerebral]] [[trauma]]
* [[Dehydration]]
*[[Doxorubicin Hydrochloride]]
* [[Drugs]]
{{col-break|width=33%}}
* [[Endocarditis]]
* [[PEEP|Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)]]
* [[Gastrointestinal bleeding]]
* [[Gastrointestinal]] [[volume depletion|fluid loss]]
* [[Hemothorax]]
* [[Hepatic failure]]
* [[Hyperglycemia]]
* [[Hyperthyroid]] [[coma]]
* [[Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]]
* [[Hypoglycemia]]
* [[Hypothyroid]] [[coma]]
* [[Insect bite]]s
* [[Mesenteric ischemia]]
* [[Myocarditis]]
* [[Incision and drainage|Overdrainage]]
* [[Pancreatitis]]
{{col-break|width=33%}}
* [[Papillary muscle]] [[rupture]]
* [[Paraplegia]]
*[[Pergolide]]
* [[Peritonitis]]
* [[Pheochromocytoma]]
* [[Pituitary failure]]
* [[Pneumonia]]
* [[Pneumonia]]
* [[Polyuria]]
* [[Pulmonary embolism]]
* [[Retroperitoneal hemorrhage]]
* [[Soft tissue]] [[hemorrhage]]
* [[Spinal anesthesia]]
* [[Tension pneumothorax]]
* [[valve|Valvular]] [[stenosis]]
* [[Vena cava]] [[occlusion]]
* [[Organ (anatomy)|Visceral]] [[rupture]]
{{col-end}}
==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}
{{WH}}
 
{{WS}}
[[Category:Medical emergencies]]
[[Category:Causes of death]]
[[Category:Intensive care medicine]]
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
[[Category:Physiology]]
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Cardiology]]
 
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Latest revision as of 01:41, 6 April 2015

Shock Microchapters

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Risk calculators and risk factors for Shock causes

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Shock is a life-threatening condition and must be treated as such irrespective of the underlying cause.

Common Causes

  • Cardiogenic shock
  • Arrhythmic
  • Mechanical
  • Myopathic
  • Pharmacologic
  • Obstructive shock
  • Decreased cardiac compliance
  • Decreased ventricular preload
  • Increased ventricular afterload
  • Hypovolemic shock
  • Fluid depletion
  • Hemorrhage
  • Distributive shock

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular Acute ST elevation MI, Aortic dissection, Aortic stenosis, Arrhythmia, Cardiac tamponade, Cardiomyopathy, Constrictive pericarditis, Endocarditis, Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Myocarditis, Papillary muscle rupture, Dextran, Valvular stenosis, Vena cava occlusion
Chemical/Poisoning No underlying causes
Dental No underlying causes
Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect Cidofovir, Doxorubicin Hydrochloride, Meropenem, Pergolide, Pilocarpine, Pramipexole, Protamine sulfate, Theophylline
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine Addisonian crisis, Hyperglycemia, Hyperthyroid coma, Hypoglycemia, Hypothyroid coma, Pheochromocytoma, Pituitary failure
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic Ascites, Gastrointestinal bleeding, Gastrointestinal fluid loss, Hepatic failure, Mesenteric ischemia, Pancreatitis, Peritonitis
Genetic No underlying causes
Hematologic Blood transfusions
Iatrogenic Overdrainage
Infectious Disease No underlying causes
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic No underlying causes
Neurologic Cerebrovascular accident, Craniocerebral trauma, Paraplegia, Spinal anesthesia
Nutritional/Metabolic No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic No underlying causes
Oncologic No underlying causes
Ophthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity No underlying causes
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary Hemothorax, Pneumonia, Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), Pulmonary embolism, Tension pneumothorax
Renal/Electrolyte Polyuria
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy Anaphylaxis, Anaphylactoid, Contrast media
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma No underlying causes
Urologic No underlying causes
Miscellaneous Dehydration, Drugs, Insect bites, Retroperitoneal hemorrhage, Soft tissue hemorrhage, Visceral rupture

Causes in Alphabetical Order

References


Template:WikiDoc Sources

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