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{{Shock}}
{{Shock}}
{{CMG}}
{{CMG}}
==Causes==
==Causes==
*Acute ST elevation [[MI]]
 
*Addisonian crisis
===Life Threatening Causes===
*[[Anaphylaxis]]
 
*[[Aortic dissection]]
Shock is a life-threatening condition and must be treated as such irrespective of the underlying cause.
*[[Aortic stenosis]]
 
*Ascites
===Common Causes===
*Blood trasfusions
 
*Cardiac [[arrhythmia]]
* '''Cardiogenic shock'''
*[[Cardiac tamponade]]
:* ''Arrhythmic''
*[[Cardiomyopathy]]
::* [[Sinoatrial block]]
*Cerebrovascular insult
::* [[Atrioventricular block]]
*Constrictive [[pericarditis]]
::* [[Ventricular tachycardia]]
*Contrast media
::* [[Supraventricular tachycardia]]
*Cranio cerebral [[trauma]]
:* ''Mechanical''
*Critical valvular stenosis
::* [[Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]]
*Dead bowel or dead gut due to [[mesenteric ischemia]]
::* [[mitral regurgitation|Acute mitral regurgitation]]
*Dehydration
::* [[Ventricular septal defect]]
*Drainage of large effusions
:* ''Myopathic''
*[[Drugs]]
::* [[Cardiomyopathy]]
*[[Endocarditis]]
::* [[Myocardial contusion]]
*Excessive positive pressure ventilation
::* [[Myocardial infarction]]
*Gastrointestinal fluid loss
::* [[Myocarditis]]
*[[Hemothorax]]
::* [[ischemia|Postischemic]] [[myocardial stunning]]
*[[Hepatic failure]]
::* [[Sepsis|Septic myocardial depression]]
*[[Hyperglycemia]]
::* [[Hypothyroidism|Hypothyroidism]]
*[[Hyperthyroid]] coma
:* ''Pharmacologic''
*[[Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]]
::* [[Anthracycline]]s
*[[Hypoglycemia]]
::* [[Calcium channel blockers]]
*[[Hypothyroid]] coma
 
*Insect bites
* '''Obstructive shock'''
*Massive [[pulmonary embolism]]
:* ''Decreased cardiac compliance''
*[[Myocarditis]]
::* [[Cardiac tamponade]]
*Occlusion of the vena cava
::* [[Constrictive pericarditis]]
*[[Pancreatitis]]
::* [[Idiopathic]]
*[[Papillary muscle]] rupture
::* [[Myocardial infarction|Postinfarction free wall rupture]]
*Paraplegia
::* [[Trauma]]
*[[Peritonitis]]
::* [[Tumor]]
*[[Pheochromocytoma]]
::* [[Uremia]]
*[[Pituitary failure]]
:* ''Decreased ventricular preload''
*[[Pneumonia]]
::* [[thorax|Intrathoracic]] [[tumor]]
*[[Pneumonia]]
::* [[Mechanical ventilation|Mechanical ventilation]] with [[PEEP|positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)]]
*Renal fluid loss
::* [[Tension pneumothorax]]
*[[Retroperitoneal hemorrhage]]
:* ''Increased ventricular afterload''
*Rupture of a viscus
::* [[Aortic dissection]]
*Soft tissue hemorrhage
::* [[Pulmonary embolism]]
*Spinal anesthesia
::* [[pulmonary hypertension|Acute pulmonary hypertension]]
*[[Tension pneumothorax]]
::* [[Pulmonary embolism|Saddle embolus]]
*Upper and lower [[gastrointestinal bleed]]ing
 
* '''Hypovolemic shock'''
:* ''Fluid depletion''
::* [[Dehydration]]
::* [[Diarrhea]]
::* [[Burn|Extensive burns]]
::* [[Polyuria]]
::* [[Vomiting]]
::* [[Fluid compartments#Third Spacing|Third spacing (as in endometritis, pancreatitis, peritonitis, pleural effusions)]]
:* ''Hemorrhage''
::* [[Ectopic pregnancy]]
::* [[Gastrointestinal bleeding]]
::* [[peptic ulcer|Perforated peptic ulcer]]
::* [[procedure|Post-procedural]] or [[surgery|post-surgical]]
::* [[Retroperitoneal hemorrhage]]
::* [[ovarian cyst|Rupture ovarian cyst]]
::* [[Trauma]]
 
* '''Distributive shock'''
::* [[Sepsis]]
::* [[Toxic shock syndrome]]
::* [[Anaphylactic]] or [[anaphylactoid reaction]]
::* [[Neurogenic shock]]
::* [[Adrenal crisis]]
 
===Causes by Organ System===
 
{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | [[STEMI|Acute ST elevation MI]],  [[Aortic dissection]],  [[Aortic stenosis]],  [[Arrhythmia]],  [[Cardiac tamponade]],  [[Cardiomyopathy]],  [[Constrictive pericarditis]],  [[Endocarditis]],  [[Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]],  [[Myocarditis]],  [[Papillary muscle rupture]], [[Dextran]],  [[Valvular stenosis]],  [[Vena cava]] [[occlusion]]
|-
|bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"| '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dermatologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|  [[Cidofovir]], [[Doxorubicin Hydrochloride]], [[Meropenem]], [[Pergolide]], [[Pilocarpine]], [[Pramipexole]], [[Protamine sulfate]], [[Theophylline]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ear Nose Throat'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Endocrine'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Addisonian crisis]],  [[Hyperglycemia]],  [[Hyperthyroidism|Hyperthyroid]] [[coma]],  [[Hypoglycemia]],  [[Hypothyroidism|Hypothyroid]] [[coma]],  [[Pheochromocytoma]],  [[Pituitary failure]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Environmental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Ascites]],  [[Gastrointestinal bleeding]],  [[Gastrointestinal]] [[volume depletion|fluid loss]],  [[Hepatic failure]],  [[Mesenteric ischemia]],  [[Pancreatitis]],  [[Peritonitis]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Genetic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Hematologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Blood transfusions]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Iatrogenic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Incision and drainage|Overdrainage]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Infectious Disease'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Neurologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Cerebrovascular accident]],  [[Cranium|Craniocerebral]] [[trauma]],  [[Paraplegia]],  [[Spinal anesthesia]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Nutritional/Metabolic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Oncologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ophthalmologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Overdose/Toxicity'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Psychiatric'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Pulmonary'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Hemothorax]],  [[Pneumonia]],  [[PEEP|Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)]],  [[Pulmonary embolism]],  [[Tension pneumothorax]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Renal/Electrolyte'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Polyuria]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Anaphylaxis]], [[Anaphylactoid]], [[Contrast media]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Sexual'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Trauma'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Urologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Miscellaneous'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Dehydration]],  [[Drugs]],  [[Insect bites]],  [[Retroperitoneal hemorrhage]],  [[Soft tissue]] [[hemorrhage]],  [[Organ (anatomy)|Visceral]] [[rupture]]
|-
|}
 
===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
 
{{col-begin|width=80%}}
{{col-break|width=33%}}
* [[STEMI|Acute ST elevation MI]]
* [[Addisonian crisis]]
* [[Anaphylaxis]]
* [[Aortic dissection]]
* [[Aortic stenosis]]
* [[Arrhythmia]]
* [[Ascites]]
* [[Blood transfusions]]
* [[Cardiac tamponade]]
* [[Cardiomyopathy]]
* [[Cerebrovascular accident]]
* [[Constrictive pericarditis]]
* [[Contrast media]]
* [[Cranium|Craniocerebral]] [[trauma]]
* [[Dehydration]]
*[[Doxorubicin Hydrochloride]]
* [[Drugs]]
{{col-break|width=33%}}
* [[Endocarditis]]
* [[PEEP|Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)]]
* [[Gastrointestinal bleeding]]
* [[Gastrointestinal]] [[volume depletion|fluid loss]]
* [[Hemothorax]]
* [[Hepatic failure]]
* [[Hyperglycemia]]
* [[Hyperthyroid]] [[coma]]
* [[Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]]
* [[Hypoglycemia]]
* [[Hypothyroid]] [[coma]]
* [[Insect bite]]s
* [[Mesenteric ischemia]]
* [[Myocarditis]]
* [[Incision and drainage|Overdrainage]]
* [[Pancreatitis]]
{{col-break|width=33%}}
* [[Papillary muscle]] [[rupture]]
* [[Paraplegia]]
*[[Pergolide]]
* [[Peritonitis]]
* [[Pheochromocytoma]]
* [[Pituitary failure]]
* [[Pneumonia]]
* [[Pneumonia]]
* [[Polyuria]]
* [[Pulmonary embolism]]
* [[Retroperitoneal hemorrhage]]
* [[Soft tissue]] [[hemorrhage]]
* [[Spinal anesthesia]]
* [[Tension pneumothorax]]
* [[valve|Valvular]] [[stenosis]]
* [[Vena cava]] [[occlusion]]
* [[Organ (anatomy)|Visceral]] [[rupture]]
{{col-end}}


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}
{{WH}}
 
{{WS}}
[[Category:Medical emergencies]]
[[Category:Medical emergencies]]
[[Category:Causes of death]]
[[Category:Causes of death]]
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[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Cardiology]]
[[Category:Cardiology]]
[[Category:Needs causes]]
 
[[Category:needs overview]]
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{{WikiDoc Sources}}

Latest revision as of 01:41, 6 April 2015

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Shock is a life-threatening condition and must be treated as such irrespective of the underlying cause.

Common Causes

  • Cardiogenic shock
  • Arrhythmic
  • Mechanical
  • Myopathic
  • Pharmacologic
  • Obstructive shock
  • Decreased cardiac compliance
  • Decreased ventricular preload
  • Increased ventricular afterload
  • Hypovolemic shock
  • Fluid depletion
  • Hemorrhage
  • Distributive shock

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular Acute ST elevation MI, Aortic dissection, Aortic stenosis, Arrhythmia, Cardiac tamponade, Cardiomyopathy, Constrictive pericarditis, Endocarditis, Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Myocarditis, Papillary muscle rupture, Dextran, Valvular stenosis, Vena cava occlusion
Chemical/Poisoning No underlying causes
Dental No underlying causes
Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect Cidofovir, Doxorubicin Hydrochloride, Meropenem, Pergolide, Pilocarpine, Pramipexole, Protamine sulfate, Theophylline
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine Addisonian crisis, Hyperglycemia, Hyperthyroid coma, Hypoglycemia, Hypothyroid coma, Pheochromocytoma, Pituitary failure
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic Ascites, Gastrointestinal bleeding, Gastrointestinal fluid loss, Hepatic failure, Mesenteric ischemia, Pancreatitis, Peritonitis
Genetic No underlying causes
Hematologic Blood transfusions
Iatrogenic Overdrainage
Infectious Disease No underlying causes
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic No underlying causes
Neurologic Cerebrovascular accident, Craniocerebral trauma, Paraplegia, Spinal anesthesia
Nutritional/Metabolic No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic No underlying causes
Oncologic No underlying causes
Ophthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity No underlying causes
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary Hemothorax, Pneumonia, Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), Pulmonary embolism, Tension pneumothorax
Renal/Electrolyte Polyuria
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy Anaphylaxis, Anaphylactoid, Contrast media
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma No underlying causes
Urologic No underlying causes
Miscellaneous Dehydration, Drugs, Insect bites, Retroperitoneal hemorrhage, Soft tissue hemorrhage, Visceral rupture

Causes in Alphabetical Order

References


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