Craniofacial anomalies: Difference between revisions
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{{CMG}} | {{CMG}} | ||
{{SK}} facial anomalies, CFA | {{SK}} facial anomalies, CFA, facial dysmorphism | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Craniofacial anomalies are a group of deformities of the head and face that are present at birth. | Craniofacial anomalies are a group of deformities of the head and face that are present at birth. | ||
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==Pathophysiology== | ==Pathophysiology== | ||
===Associated Disorders=== | ===Associated Disorders=== | ||
*Coffin Lowry Syndrome | *[[Coffin Lowry Syndrome]] | ||
*Craniosynostosis | *[[Craniosynostosis]] | ||
* | *[[Crouzon Syndrome]] ([[Craniofacial Dysostosis]]) | ||
*[[Apert Syndrome]] | |||
Apert Syndrome | *[[Fibrous Dysplasia]] | ||
*Fibrous Dysplasia | *[[Hemifacial Microsomia]] | ||
*Hemifacial Microsomia | *[[Microtia]] | ||
*Microtia | *[[Pfeiffer Syndrome]] | ||
*Pfeiffer Syndrome | *[[Holoprosencephaly]] | ||
*Holoprosencephaly | *[[Holoprosencephaly]] ([[HPE]]) | ||
*Holoprosencephaly (HPE) | *[[Noonan Syndrome]] | ||
*Noonan Syndrome | *[[Pierre Robin Sequence]] | ||
*Pierre Robin Sequence | *[[Positional Plagiocephaly]] | ||
*Positional Plagiocephaly | *[[Flattened Head]] | ||
* | *[[Sotos Syndrome]] | ||
*Sotos Syndrome | *[[Treacher Collins Syndrome]] | ||
*Treacher Collins Syndrome | 1q terminal deletion | ||
Aarskog-Scott syndrome | |||
Al Gazali Aziz Salem syndrome | |||
Barber-Say syndrome | |||
Brachyphalangy, polydactyly, and tibial aplasia/hypoplasia | |||
Chromosome 22 Ring | |||
Chromosome 5, monosomy 5q35 | |||
Congenital rubella syndrome | |||
Congenital syphilis | |||
Cri du chat syndrome | |||
DiGeorge syndrome | |||
Fetal alcohol syndrome | |||
Frints -- De Smet -- Fabry -- Fryns syndrome | |||
Gloomy face syndrome | |||
Laurence-Moon-Biedl syndrome | |||
Microphthalmia syndromic, type 9 | |||
Multiple joint dislocations -- metaphyseal dysplasia | |||
Noonan syndrome | |||
Pfeiffer syndrome Type 2 | |||
Polysyndactyly -- cardiac malformation | |||
Riddle syndrome | |||
Turner syndrome | |||
Valproic acid antenatal infection | |||
Vitiligo mental retardation facial dysmorphism uremia | |||
Williams Syndrome | |||
Young-Simpson syndrome | |||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
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==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
Surgery. | Surgery. | ||
==References== | |||
{{Reflist|2}} | |||
[[Category:FLK]] | |||
Latest revision as of 13:28, 3 June 2015
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Synonyms and keywords: facial anomalies, CFA, facial dysmorphism
Overview
Craniofacial anomalies are a group of deformities of the head and face that are present at birth.
Classification
- Cleft lip and palate a separation in the lip and the palate
- Craniosynostosis - premature closure of the soft spots in an infant’s skull
- Hemifacial microsomia - a condition in which the tissues on one side of the face are underdeveloped
- Vascular malformation - an abnormal growth composed of blood vessels
- Hemangioma - a benign tumor that causes a red birthmark
- Deformational (or positional) plagiocephaly - a misshapen (asymmetrical) shape of the head (cranium) from repeated pressure to the same area of the head. Plagiocephaly literally means "oblique head" (from the Greek "plagio" for oblique and "cephale" for head).
Pathophysiology
Associated Disorders
- Coffin Lowry Syndrome
- Craniosynostosis
- Crouzon Syndrome (Craniofacial Dysostosis)
- Apert Syndrome
- Fibrous Dysplasia
- Hemifacial Microsomia
- Microtia
- Pfeiffer Syndrome
- Holoprosencephaly
- Holoprosencephaly (HPE)
- Noonan Syndrome
- Pierre Robin Sequence
- Positional Plagiocephaly
- Flattened Head
- Sotos Syndrome
- Treacher Collins Syndrome
1q terminal deletion Aarskog-Scott syndrome Al Gazali Aziz Salem syndrome Barber-Say syndrome Brachyphalangy, polydactyly, and tibial aplasia/hypoplasia Chromosome 22 Ring Chromosome 5, monosomy 5q35 Congenital rubella syndrome Congenital syphilis Cri du chat syndrome DiGeorge syndrome Fetal alcohol syndrome Frints -- De Smet -- Fabry -- Fryns syndrome Gloomy face syndrome Laurence-Moon-Biedl syndrome Microphthalmia syndromic, type 9 Multiple joint dislocations -- metaphyseal dysplasia Noonan syndrome Pfeiffer syndrome Type 2 Polysyndactyly -- cardiac malformation Riddle syndrome Turner syndrome Valproic acid antenatal infection Vitiligo mental retardation facial dysmorphism uremia Williams Syndrome Young-Simpson syndrome
Causes
- Congenital
- Folate deficiency
Epdidemiology and Demographics
In the United States, craniosynostosis occurs in about 1 in every 2000 births.
Gender
The disorder is more common in boys than in girls.
Treatment
Surgery.