Dysgeusia

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Mugilan Poongkunran M.B.B.S [2]

Synonyms and keywords: Altered sense of taste

Overview

Dysgeusia is the distortion or decrease of the sense of taste. Dysgeusia is associated with zinc deficiency and some antihypertensiveor anxiolytic medications. It is also found in patients with severe renal insufficiency.

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.

• Acetaminophen (paracetamol) poisoning
• Acute mercury inhalation
• Amatoxin-containing mushroom poisoning
• Crotalinae snake bites
• Scorpion sting

Common Causes

• 1st cranial nerve disorder

• 9th cranial nerve disorder

• Alcohol consumption

• Azilsartan medoxomil

• Antiretroviral therapy

• Baclofen

• Bell palsy

• Boceprevir

• Calanolide A

• Calcitonin

• Candesartan

• Captopril

• Carbamazepine

• Cilazapril

• Eszopiclone

• Grepafloxacin

• Influenza

• Irbesartan

• Lead

• Losartan

• Metronidazole

• Moxifloxacin

• Multiple sclerosis

• Oxaliplatin

• Palifermin

• Paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis

• Pazopanib

• Penicillamine

• Phenylbutyrate

• Quinine

• Ritonavir

• Selenium

• Sinusitis

• Succimer

• Sumatriptan

• Telaprevir

• Telavancin

• Temsirolimus

• Valsartan

• Zinc deficiency

• Zopiclone

Causes of Dysgeusia developed by WikiDoc.org, Copyleft 2013

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	No underlying causes
Chemical/Poisoning	1,3-Dinitrobenzene, amatoxin-containing mushroom poisoning, antimony, bee sting, cadmium, chromium, ciguatera poisoning, clupeotoxin poisoning, crotalinae snake bites, fire ant, hornet, lead poisoning, manganese, nickel, protoanemonin poisoning, scombrotoxic fish poisoning, scorpion sting, silver, wasp
Dental	Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis, dental caries, gingivostomatitis, glossitis, cancrum oris, noma, oral candidiasis, oral hairy leukoplakia, pericoronitis, periodontitis, pulpitis, periapical abscess
Dermatologic	No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect	5-fluorouracil, acetazolamide, adenosine, allopurinol, amiloride, amphetamines, amphotericin B, amrinone, antiretroviral therapy, apraclonidine, Asenapine maleate, auranofin, azilsartan medoxomil, baclofen, Bepotastine Besilate, betaxolol, beta-lactam antibiotic, bleomycin, boceprevir, bretylium, brinzolamide, calcitonin, calcium chloride, calcium gluconate, candesartan, captopril, carbamazepine, carbidopa, carboplatin, carboprost tromethamine, chlorambucil, chlorhexidine mouth wash, cilazapril, ciprofloxacin, cisplatin, clarithromycin, cyclophosphamide, dacarbazine, diazoxide, dicyclomine, diethylpropion, diltiazem, dipyridamole, disulfiram, EDTA, eflornithine, enalapril, entacapone, Eribulin, eszopiclone, ethambutol, ethionamide, etidronate, everolimus, febuxostat, fish oil and marine omega-3 fatty acids, flunisolide, flurazepam, frovatriptan, gadobenate dimeglumine, gadofosveset, gadoversetamide, gamma-hydroxybutyrate(GHB), Gatifloxacin, gemcitabine, glycopyrrolate, hydrochlorothiazide, hydrocortisone, hyoscyamine, imatinib, interferon, Indinavir, iodine, iopamidol, ioversol, irbesartan, irinotecan, isotretinoin, levamisole, levodopa-benserazide, levofloxacin, linezolid, lisinopril, lithium, lomefloxacin, loratadine, losartan, lovastatin, methimazole, methotrexate, methyl methacrylate, metronidazole, moclobemide, moxifloxacin, nalbuphine, nifedipine, nitroglycerin, ofloxacin, Olaparib, olopatadine, omeprazole, oxaliplatin, Oxaprozin, palifermin, paricalcitol, pazopanib, penicillamine, perflutren protein type A, Pertuzumab, phencyclidine (PCP) intoxication, phenylbutyrate, potassium iodide, propafenone, propylthiouracil, quinine, rimexolone, selegiline, sorafenib, spironolactone, succimer, sulfasalazine, sumatriptan, sunitinib, taxanes, telaprevir, telavancin hydrochloride, temsirolimus, terbinafine, tetracycline, thallium Sulfate, thionamides, timolol, tinidazole, tocainide, triazolam, trichloroethylene, Trospium, valsartan, vanadium, vandetanib, Vorinostat, ziconotide, zinc, zolmitriptan, zopiclone
Ear Nose Throat	Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, temporomandibular joint disorders, tongue cancer, tonsil cancer, tonsillitis,tonsillectomy
Endocrine	Hypothyroidism
Environmental	Amatoxin-containing mushroom poisoning, fire ant, antimony, bee sting, cadmium, chromium, ciguatera poisoning, clupeotoxin poisoning, copper toxicity, crotalinae snake bites, glaze, hornet, iodine, lead poisoning, protoanemonin poisoning, rattle snake poisoning, scombrotoxic fish poisoning, scorpion sting, solder, wasp
Gastroenterologic	Gastritis, gastroesophageal reflux disease, inflammatory bowel disease, jaundice, liver disorders
Genetic	Congenital disorder, cystic fibrosis, hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy
Hematologic	Factor IX concentrates, jaundice
Iatrogenic	1,3-Dinitrobenzene, artificial saliva, bronchoscopy, chlorhexidine mouth wash, cholera vaccine, contrast agents, hemodialysis, infiltration of local anesthetics, laryngoscopy, neuraxial analgesia anesthesia, nicotine gum, nicotine lozenge, radiation, radioiodine treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer, surgical procedures in the head and neck area, tonsillectomy
Infectious Disease	Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis, cancrum oris, chronic rhinosinusitis, dental caries, herpes zoster, HIV, influenza, lung abscess, noma, oral candidiasis, pericoronitis, periodontal abscess, periodontitis, periapical abscess, pulpitis, secondary syphilis, trichomoniasis
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic	No underlying causes
Neurologic	1st cranial nerve disorder, 9th cranial nerve disorder, acoustic neuroma, Bell's Palsy, hallucination, head trauma, hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy, multiple sclerosis, nervus intermedius (geniculate) neuralgia, neuraxial analgesia anesthesia, paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis, paraneoplastic syndromes affecting the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia, partial sensory seizure, surgical procedures in the head and neck area, temporal lobe epilepsy, tumor-related neuropathic pain
Nutritional/Metabolic	Cancer cachexia, hyperkeratosis vitamin B12 deficiency, iron, metabolic disorders
Obstetric/Gynecologic	Pregnancy
Oncologic	Acoustic neuroma, cancer cachexia, oral hairy leukoplakia, paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis, paraneoplastic syndromes affecting the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia, tongue cancer, tonsil cancer, tumor-related neuropathic pain
Ophthalmologic	No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity	Acetaminophen poisoning, acute mercury inhalation, aluminium, contrast agents, copper toxicity, cyclosporine toxicity, lithium, paracetamol poisining, platinum agents, potassium iodide, thallium sulfate
Psychiatric	Hallucination, psychiatric disorders
Pulmonary	Bronchoscopy, cystic fibrosis, influenza, laryngoscopy, lung abscess
Renal/Electrolyte	Chronic kidney disease, hemodialysis
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy	Sjogren's Syndrome
Sexual	Secondary syphilis
Trauma	Head trauma
Urologic	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	Aging, alcohol consumption, postnasal drip

Causes by Organ System developed by WikiDoc.org, Copyleft 2013

Causes in Alphabetical Order

• 1,3-Dinitrobenzene

• 1st cranial nerve disorder

• 5-fluorouracil

• 9th cranial nerve disorder

• Acetaminophen poisoning

• Acetazolamide

• Acoustic neuroma

• Acute mercury inhalation

• Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis

• Adenosine

• Aging

• Alcohol consumption

• Allopurinol

• Aluminium

• Amatoxin-containing mushroom poisoning

• Amiloride

• Amphetamines

• Amphotericin B

• Amrinone

• Antimony

• Antiretroviral therapy

• Apraclonidine

• Artificial saliva

• Auranofin

• Azilsartan medoxomil

• Baclofen

• Bee sting

• Bell's Palsy

• Betaxolol

• Beta-lactam antibiotic

• Bleomycin

• Boceprevir

• Bretylium

• Brinzolamide

• Bronchoscopy

• Cadmium

• Calcitonin

• Calcium chloride

• Calcium gluconate

• Cancer cachexia

• Cancrum oris

• Candesartan

• Captopril

• Carbamazepine

• Carbidopa

• Carboplatin

• Carboprost tromethamine

• Chlorambucil

• Chlorhexidine mouth wash

• Cholera vaccine

• Chromium

• Chronic kidney disease

• Chronic rhinosinusitis

• Ciguatera poisoning

• Cilazapril

• Ciprofloxacin

• Cisplatin

• Clarithromycin

• Clupeotoxin poisoning

• Congenital disorder

• Contrast agents

• Copper toxicity

• Crotalinae snake bites

• Cyclophosphamide

• Cyclosporine toxicity

• Cystic fibrosis

• Dacarbazine

• Dental caries

• Diazoxide

• Dicyclomine

• Diethylpropion

• Diltiazem

• Dipyridamole

• Disulfiram

• EDTA

• Eflornithine

• Enalapril

• Entacapone

• Eribulin

• Eszopiclone

• Ethambutol

• Ethionamide

• Etidronate

• Everolimus

• Factor IX concentrates

• Febuxostat

• Fire ant

• Fish oil and marine omega-3 fatty acids

• Flunisolide

• Flurazepam

• Frovatriptan

• Gadobenate dimeglumine

• Gadofosveset

• Gadoversetamide

• Gamma hydroxybutyrate (GHB)

• Gastritis

• Gastroesophageal reflux disease

• Gatifloxacin

• Gemcitabine

• Gingivostomatitis

• Glaze

• Glossitis

• Glycopyrrolate

• Grepafloxacin

• Hallucination

• Head trauma

• Hemodialysis

• Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy

• Herpes zoster

• HIV

• Hornet

• Hydrochlorothiazide

• Hydrocortisone

• Hyoscyamine

• Hyperkeratosis vitamin B12 deficiency

• Hypothyroidism

• Imatinib

• Indinavir

• Infiltration of local anesthetics

• Inflammatory bowel disease

• Influenza

• Interferon

• Iodine

• Iopamidol

• Ioversol

• Irbesartan

• Irinotecan

• Iron

• Isotretinoin

• Jaundice

• Laryngoscopy

• Lead poisoning

• Levamisole

• Levodopa-benserazide

• Levofloxacin

• Linezolid

• Lisinopril

• Lithium

• Liver disorder

• Lomefloxacin

• Loratadine

• Losartan

• Lovastatin

• Lung abscess

• Manganese

• Metabolic disorder

• Methimazole

• Methotrexate

• Methyl methacrylate

• Metronidazole

• Moclobemide

• Moxifloxacin

• Multiple sclerosis

• Nalbuphine

• Nervus intermedius (geniculate) neuralgia

• Neuraxial analgesia anesthesia

• Nickel

• Nicotine gum

• Nicotine lozenge

• Nifedipine

• Nitroglycerin

• Noma

• Ofloxacin

• Olopatadine

• Omeprazole

• Oral candidiasis

• Oral hairy leukoplakia

• Oxaliplatin

• Oxaprozin

• Palifermin

• Paracetamol poisining

• Paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis

• Paraneoplastic syndromes affecting the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia

• Paricalcitol

• Partial sensory seizure

• Pazopanib

• Penicillamine

• Perflutren protein type A

• Periapical abscess

• Pericoronitis

• Periodontal abscess

• Periodontitis

• Phencyclidine (PCP) intoxication

• Phenylbutyrate

• Platinum agents

• Postnasal drip

• Potassium iodide

• Pregnancy

• Propafenone

• Propylthiouracil

• Protoanemonin poisoning

• Psychiatric disorders

• Pulpitis

• Quinine

• Radiation

• Radioiodine treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer

• Rimexolone

• Scombrotoxic fish poisoning

• Scorpion sting

• Secondary syphilis

• Selegiline

• Silver

• Sjogren's Syndrome

• Solder

• Sorafenib

• Spironolactone

• Succimer

• Sulfasalazine

• Sumatriptan

• Sunitinib

• Surgical procedures in the head and neck area

• Taxanes

• Telaprevir

• Telavancin hydrochloride

• Temporal lobe epilepsy

• Temporomandibular joint disorders

• Temsirolimus

• Terbinafine

• Tetracycline

• Thallium sulfate

• Thionamides

• Timolol

• Tinidazole

• Tocainide

• Tongue cancer

• Tonsil cancer

• Tonsillitis

• Tonsillectomy

• Triazolam

• Trichloroethylene

• Trichomoniasis

• Tumor-related neuropathic pain

• Valsartan

• Vanadium

• Vandetanib

• Vorinostat

• Wasp

• Ziconotide

• Zinc

• Zolmitriptan

• Zopiclone

Causes of Dysgeusia developed by WikiDoc.org, Copyleft 2013