Paroxysmal hypertension: Difference between revisions

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==Classification==
==Classification==
Patients with paroxysmal hypertension who test negative for phaeochromocytoma are said to be suffering from pseudophaechromocytoma,<ref>Kuchel, O. Pseudopheochromocytoma. Hypertension 1985; 7:151</ref> a disorder with no known cause.
Patients with paroxysmal hypertension who test negative for phaeochromocytoma are said to be suffering from pseudopheochromocytoma,<ref>Kuchel, O. Pseudopheochromocytoma. Hypertension 1985; 7:151</ref> a disorder with no known cause.


==Causes==
== Causes ==
 
=== Common Causes ===
 
=== Causes by Organ System ===
 
{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | [[Baroreflex failure]], [[Factitious hypertension]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Chemical / poisoning'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dermatologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Amphetamine]], [[Cocaine]], [[Lysergic acid diethylamide]], [[Tyrosine]] ingestion combined with [[monoamine oxidase inhibitors]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ear Nose Throat'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Endocrine'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Hyperthyroidism]], [[Pheochromocytoma]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Environmental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Carcinoid]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Genetic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Hematologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Mastocytosis]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Iatrogenic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Infectious Disease'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Musculoskeletal / Ortho'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Neurologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Brain tumor]], [[Cluster headache]], [[Intracranial hemorrhage]], [[Lateral medulla compression]], [[Migraine headache]], [[Seizures]], [[Stroke ]], [[Traumatic brain injury]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Nutritional / Metabolic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Tyrosine]] ingestion combined with [[monoamine oxidase inhibitors]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Oncologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Carcinoid]], [[Pheochromocytoma]], [[Brain tumor]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Opthalmologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Overdose / Toxicity'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Amphetamine]], [[Cocaine]], [[Lysergic acid diethylamide]], [[Tyrosine]] ingestion combined with [[monoamine oxidase inhibitors]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Psychiatric'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Anxiety]], [[Factitious hypertension]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Pulmonary'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Renal / Electrolyte'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Renovascular hypertension]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Rheum / Immune / Allergy'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Sexual'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Trauma'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Traumatic brain injury]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Urologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Miscellaneous'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Pseudopheochromocytoma]], [[Factitious hypertension]]
|-
|}
 
=== Causes in Alphabetical Order ===
*[[Amphetamine]]
*[[Anxiety]]
*[[Anxiety]]
*[[Baroreflex failure]]
*[[Brain tumor]]
*[[Brain tumor]]
*[[Carcinoid]]
*[[Carcinoid]]
*[[Cluster headache]]
*[[Cluster headache]]
*[[Cocaine]]
*[[Factitious hypertension]]
*[[Hyperthyroidism]]
*[[Hyperthyroidism]]
*[[Intracranial hemorrhage]]
*[[Intracranial hemorrhage]]
*[[Lateral medulla compression]]
*[[Lateral medulla compression]]
*[[Lysergic acid diethylamide]]
*[[Mastocytosis]]
*[[Mastocytosis]]
*[[Migraine headache]]
*[[Migraine headache]]
*[[Pheochromocytoma]]
*[[Pheochromocytoma]]
*[[Pseudopheochromocytoma]]<ref>Kuchel, O. Pseudopheochromocytoma. Hypertension 1985; 7:151</ref>
*[[Renovascular hypertension]]
*[[Renovascular hypertension]]
*[[Traumatic brain injury]]
*[[Traumatic brain injury]]
*[[Tyrosine]] ingestion combined with [[monoamine oxidase inhibitors]]
*[[Seizures]]
*[[Seizures]]
*[[Stroke]]
*[[Stroke]]
Line 26: Line 153:
==Natural History, Complications and Prognosis==
==Natural History, Complications and Prognosis==
*Some cases can result in [[hypertensive encephalopathy]]
*Some cases can result in [[hypertensive encephalopathy]]
  •  Drugs (cocaine,  lysergic acid diethylamide, amphetamine)
  •  Tyrosine ingestion combined with monoamine  oxidase inhibitors
  •  Baroreflex failure
  •  Factitious hypertension.


== References ==
== References ==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}


[[Category:Cardiovascular diseases]]
[[Category:Cardiovascular diseases]]
[[Category:Signs and symptoms]]
 


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Latest revision as of 12:12, 12 June 2015

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Paroxysmal hypertension is episodic high blood pressure.

Classification

Patients with paroxysmal hypertension who test negative for phaeochromocytoma are said to be suffering from pseudopheochromocytoma,[1] a disorder with no known cause.

Causes

Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular Baroreflex failure, Factitious hypertension
Chemical / poisoning No underlying causes
Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect Amphetamine, Cocaine, Lysergic acid diethylamide, Tyrosine ingestion combined with monoamine oxidase inhibitors
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine Hyperthyroidism, Pheochromocytoma
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic Carcinoid
Genetic No underlying causes
Hematologic Mastocytosis
Iatrogenic No underlying causes
Infectious Disease No underlying causes
Musculoskeletal / Ortho No underlying causes
Neurologic Brain tumor, Cluster headache, Intracranial hemorrhage, Lateral medulla compression, Migraine headache, Seizures, Stroke , Traumatic brain injury
Nutritional / Metabolic Tyrosine ingestion combined with monoamine oxidase inhibitors
Obstetric/Gynecologic No underlying causes
Oncologic Carcinoid, Pheochromocytoma, Brain tumor
Opthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose / Toxicity Amphetamine, Cocaine, Lysergic acid diethylamide, Tyrosine ingestion combined with monoamine oxidase inhibitors
Psychiatric Anxiety, Factitious hypertension
Pulmonary No underlying causes
Renal / Electrolyte Renovascular hypertension
Rheum / Immune / Allergy No underlying causes
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma Traumatic brain injury
Urologic No underlying causes
Dental No underlying causes
Miscellaneous Pseudopheochromocytoma, Factitious hypertension

Causes in Alphabetical Order

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

References

  1. ↑ Kuchel, O. Pseudopheochromocytoma. Hypertension 1985; 7:151
  2. ↑ Kuchel, O. Pseudopheochromocytoma. Hypertension 1985; 7:151


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