Aluminium chloride: Difference between revisions

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{{Chembox new
{{DrugProjectFormSinglePage
|   Name = Aluminium chloride
|authorTag={{Ammu}}
|   ImageName1 = Aluminium trichloride dimer
|genericName=Aluminium chloride
|   IUPACName = Aluminium(III) chloride
|aOrAn=a
|   OtherNames = Aluminium trichloride
|drugClass=chemical
|indicationType=treatment
|indication=indicated for the control of minor [[hemorrhage]] during dental restorative procedures
|adverseReactions=[[hypersensitivity]]
|blackBoxWarningTitle=<span style="color:#FF0000;">ConditionName: </span>
|blackBoxWarningBody=<i><span style="color:#FF0000;">ConditionName: </span></i>
 
* Content
 
<!--Adult Indications and Dosage-->
 
<!--FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Adult)-->
|fdaLIADAdult=* Indicated for the control of minor [[hemorrhage]] during dental restorative procedures.
* Dispense a small amount of Hemoban into a clean dappen dish or disposable cup.
* For [[hemorrhage]] control prior to making a restorative impression, soak a suitable length of retraction cord in aluminium chloride, then using a cord-packing instrument, place the retraction cord into the gingival sulcus. Aluminium chloride is compatible with all impression techniques – though it is recommended that critical areas be gently rinsed with water prior to application of addition-type (VPS) impression materials to preclude inhibition of the setting reaction of the impression material.
* For minor [[hemorrhage]] control in situations other than making restorative impressions, soak a cotton pellet in aluminium chloride and apply for several seconds to the area, then rinse gently with water.
|offLabelAdultGuideSupport=There is limited information regarding <i>Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in adult patients.
 
<!--Non–Guideline-Supported Use (Adult)-->
|offLabelAdultNoGuideSupport=There is limited information regarding <i>Off-Label Non–Guideline-Supported Use</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in adult patients.
 
<!--Pediatric Indications and Dosage-->
 
<!--FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Pediatric)-->
|fdaLIADPed=There is limited information regarding <i>FDA-Labeled Use</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in pediatric patients.
 
<!--Off-Label Use and Dosage (Pediatric)-->
 
<!--Guideline-Supported Use (Pediatric)-->
|offLabelPedGuideSupport=There is limited information regarding <i>Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in pediatric patients.
 
<!--Non–Guideline-Supported Use (Pediatric)-->
|offLabelPedNoGuideSupport=There is limited information regarding <i>Off-Label Non–Guideline-Supported Use</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in pediatric patients.
 
<!--Contraindications-->
|contraindications=* This product should not be used with individuals with known sensitivities to aluminum chloride.
|warnings=* Do not swallow. Keep out of reach of children. For professional dental use only.
|clinicalTrials=There is limited information regarding <i>Clinical Trial Experience</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in the drug label.
|postmarketing=There is limited information regarding <i>Postmarketing Experience</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in the drug label.
|useInPregnancyFDA=* '''Pregnancy Category'''
|useInPregnancyAUS=* '''Australian Drug Evaluation Committee (ADEC) Pregnancy Category'''
 
There is no Australian Drug Evaluation Committee (ADEC) guidance on usage of {{PAGENAME}} in women who are pregnant.
|useInLaborDelivery=There is no FDA guidance on use of {{PAGENAME}} during labor and delivery.
|useInNursing=There is no FDA guidance on the use of {{PAGENAME}} with respect to nursing mothers.
|useInPed=There is no FDA guidance on the use of {{PAGENAME}} with respect to pediatric patients.
|useInGeri=There is no FDA guidance on the use of {{PAGENAME}} with respect to geriatric patients.
|useInGender=There is no FDA guidance on the use of {{PAGENAME}} with respect to specific gender populations.
|useInRace=There is no FDA guidance on the use of {{PAGENAME}} with respect to specific racial populations.
|useInRenalImpair=There is no FDA guidance on the use of {{PAGENAME}} in patients with renal impairment.
|useInHepaticImpair=There is no FDA guidance on the use of {{PAGENAME}} in patients with hepatic impairment.
|useInReproPotential=There is no FDA guidance on the use of {{PAGENAME}} in women of reproductive potentials and males.
|useInImmunocomp=There is no FDA guidance one the use of {{PAGENAME}} in patients who are immunocompromised.
 
<!--Administration and Monitoring-->
|administration=* Topical
|monitoring=There is limited information regarding <i>Monitoring</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in the drug label.
 
<!--IV Compatibility-->
|IVCompat=There is limited information regarding <i>IV Compatibility</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in the drug label.
 
<!--Overdosage-->
|overdose=There is limited information regarding <i>Chronic Overdose</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in the drug label.
 
<!--Pharmacology-->
 
<!--Drug box 2-->
|drugBox={{chembox2
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 477245740
| Name =
| ImageFile1 = Aluminium-trichloride-hexahydrate-white-and-yellow.jpg
<!-- | ImageSize = 150px -->
| ImageName1 = Aluminium chloride
| ImageFile2 =
| ImageName2 = Aluminium(III) Chloride
| ImageFile3 = Aluminium-trichloride-dimer-3D-balls.png
<!-- | ImageSize1 = 150px  -->
| ImageName3 = Aluminium trichloride dimer
| IUPACName = aluminium chloride
| OtherNames = aluminium(III) chloride
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
|   CASOther = [7446-70-0] (''anhydrous'')<br />[10124-27-3] (''hexahydrate'')
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
  }}
| UNII = LIF1N9568Y
| InChI = 1/Al.3ClH/h;3*1H/q+3;;;/p-3
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 30114
| SMILES = Cl[Al](Cl)Cl
| InChIKey = VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-DFZHHIFOAR
| SMILES1 = [Al](Cl)(Cl)Cl
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/Al.3ClH/h;3*1H/q+3;;;/p-3
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K
| CASNo = 7446-70-0
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo_Comment = (anhydrous)
| CASNo1 = 10124-27-3
| CASNo1_Comment = (hydrate)
| CASNo2 = 7784-13-6
| CASNo2_Comment = (hexahydrate)
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID=22445
| PubChem = 24012
| RTECS = BD0530000
| ATCCode_prefix = D10
| ATCCode_suffix = AX01
}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
|   Formula = AlCl<sub>3</sub>
| Formula = AlCl<sub>3</sub>
|   MolarMass = 133.34 g mol<sup>−1</sup> (''anhydrous'')<br />241.432 g mol<sup>−1</sup> (''hexahydrate'')
| MolarMass = 133.34 g/mol (anhydrous)<br />241.43 g/mol (hexahydrate)
|   Appearance = Pale yellow solid,<br />[[hygroscopic]].
| Appearance = white or pale yellow solid,<br />[[hygroscopic]]
|   Solubility = 43.9 g/100 ml (0°C)<br />44.9 g/100 ml (10°C)<br />45.8 g/100 ml (20°C)<br />46.6 g/100 ml (30°C)<br />47.3 g/100 ml (40°C)<br />48.1 g/100 ml (60°C)<br />48.6 g/100 ml (80°C)<br />49 g/100 ml (100°C)
| Density = 2.48 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (anhydrous)<br> 1.3 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (hexahydrate)
|   MeltingPt = 190 °[[celsius|C]] (463 [[kelvin|K]])<br />under 2.5 atm [[pressure]]
| Solubility = 43.9 g/100 ml (0 °C)<br />44.9 g/100 ml (10 °C)<br />45.8 g/100 ml (20 °C)<br />46.6 g/100 ml (30 °C)<br />47.3 g/100 ml (40 °C)<br />48.1 g/100 ml (60 °C)<br />48.6 g/100 ml (80 °C)<br />49 g/100 ml (100 °C)
|   BoilingPt = 178 °[[celsius|C]] (351 [[kelvin|K]]) ([[sublimation (physics)|''subl'']])
| SolubleOther = soluble in hydrogen chloride, ethanol, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride <br> slightly soluble in benzene
|   pKa =  
| MeltingPtC = 192.4
  }}
| Melting_notes = <br> (anhydrous)<br> {{convert|100|C|F K}}<br> (hexahydrate)<br> {{convert|180|C|F K}}<br> (sublimes)
| BoilingPtC = 120
| Boiling_notes = (hexahydrate)
| pKa =
| Viscosity = 0.35 cP (197 °C)<br> 0.26 cP (237 °C)<ref name=chemister>http://chemister.ru/Database/properties-en.php?dbid=1&id=353</ref>
| VaporPressure = 133.3 Pa (99 °C)<br> 13.3 kPa (151 °C)<ref name=chemister />
}}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
|   MolShape = Trigonal planar<br />([[monomer]]ic vapour)
| MolShape = Trigonal planar<br />([[monomer]]ic vapour)
|   Coordination = Octahedral (solid)<br />Tetrahedral (liquid)
| Coordination = Octahedral (solid)<br />Tetrahedral (liquid)
|  CrystalStruct = 6-coordinate layer lattice
| CrystalStruct = [[Monoclinic]], [[Pearson symbol|mS16]]
|  Dipole =
| SpaceGroup = C12/m1, No. 12
   }}
}}
| Section4 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry
|  DeltaHf = −704.2 kJ/mol<ref name=chemister /><ref name = zumdahl>{{cite book| author = Zumdahl, Steven S.|title =Chemical Principles 6th Ed.| publisher = Houghton Mifflin Company| year = 2009| isbn = 0-618-94690-X}}</ref>
|  Entropy = 111 J/mol·K<ref name = zumdahl/>
|  DeltaGf = -628.6 kJ/mol<ref name=chemister />
|   HeatCapacity = 91 J/mol·K<ref name=chemister />
}}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
|   EUClass = Corrosive ('''C''')
| GHSPictograms = {{GHS05}}<ref name="sigma">{{Sigma-Aldrich|id=563919|name=Aluminum chloride|accessdate=2014-05-05}}</ref>
|   RPhrases = {{R34}}
| GHSSignalWord = Danger
|   SPhrases = {{S1/2}}, {{S7/8}}, {{S28}}, {{S45}}
| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|314}}<ref name="sigma" />
  }}
| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|280|310|305+351+338}}<ref name="sigma" />
| NFPA-H = 3
| NFPA-F = 0
| NFPA-R = 2
| EUClass = {{Hazchem C}}
| RPhrases = {{R34}}
| SPhrases = {{S1/2}}, {{S7/8}}, {{S28}}, {{S45}}
| LD50 = ''anhydrous:'' <br> 380 mg/kg, rat (oral) <hr> ''hexahydrate:'' <br> 3311 mg/kg, rat (oral)
}}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related
|   OtherAnions = [[Aluminium fluoride]]<br />Aluminium bromide<br />[[Aluminium iodide]]
| OtherAnions = [[Aluminium fluoride]]<br />[[Aluminium bromide]]<br />[[Aluminium iodide]]
|   OtherCations = [[Boron trichloride]]<br />Gallium(III) chloride<br />[[Indium(III) chloride]]<br />Thallium(III) chloride<br />[[Magnesium chloride]]
| OtherCations = [[Boron trichloride]]<br />[[Gallium trichloride]]<br />[[Indium(III) chloride]]<br />[[Magnesium chloride]]
|   Function = [[Lewis acid]]s
| Function = [[Lewis acid]]s
|   OtherFunctn = [[Iron(III) chloride]]<br />[[Boron trifluoride]]
| OtherFunctn = [[Iron(III) chloride]]<br />[[Boron trifluoride]]
  }}
}}
}}
}}
{{SI}}
|mechAction=* aluminium chloride is formulated to control minor hemorrhage during dental restorative procedures. aluminium chloride may be used on a cotton pellet or more commonly with retraction cord. aluminium chloride contains 25% aluminum chloride.




==Overview==
'''Aluminium chloride''' (AlCl<sub>3</sub>) is a [[chemical compound|compound]] of [[aluminium]] and [[chlorine]].  The solid has a low melting and boiling point, and is [[Covalent bond|covalently bonded]]. It [[sublimation (physics)|sublimes]] at 178 °[[celsius|C]].  Molten AlCl<sub>3</sub> [[conductance|conducts]] [[electricity]] poorly,<ref name="Greenwood">N. N. Greenwood, A. Earnshaw, ''Chemistry of the Elements'', Pergamon Press, Oxford, United Kingdom, 1984.</ref> unlike more [[ionic bond|ionic]] [[halide]]s such as [[sodium chloride]].  It exists in the solid state as a six-coordinate layer lattice.


AlCl<sub>3</sub> adopts the "YCl<sub>3</sub>" structure, featuring  Al<sup>3+</sup> cubic close packed layered structure.<ref name="Wells">A. F. Wells,  ''Structural Inorganic Chemistry'', Oxford Press, Oxford, United Kingdom, 1984.</ref>  In contrast, AlBr<sub>3</sub> has a more molecular structure, with the Al<sup>3+</sup> centers occupying adjacent tetrahedral holes of the close-packed framework of Br<sup>−</sup> ions.  Upon melting AlCl<sub>3</sub> gives the [[dimer]] Al<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>6</sub>, which can vaporise.  At higher [[temperature]]s this Al<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>6</sub> dimer [[Dissociation (chemistry)|dissociates]] into trigonal planar AlCl<sub>3</sub>, which is structurally analogous to [[boron trifluoride|BF<sub>3</sub>]].
<!--Structure-->
|structure=<!--Pharmacodynamics-->
|PD=There is limited information regarding <i>Pharmacodynamics</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in the drug label.


Aluminium chloride is highly [[deliquescent]], and it can explode upon abrupt contact with [[water (molecule)|water]] because of the high heat of [[hydration]].  [[Aqueous]] [[solution]]s of AlCl<sub>3</sub> are ionic and thus [[conductance|conduct]] [[electricity]] well.  Such solutions are found to be [[acid]]ic, indicative of partial [[hydrolysis]] of the Al<sup>3+</sup> ion is occurring.  The reactions can be described (simplified) as:
<!--Pharmacokinetics-->
:[Al(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>6</sub>]<sup>3+</sup> + H<sub>2</sub>O {{unicode|⇌}} [Al(OH)(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>5</sub>]<sup>2+</sup> +  H<sub>3</sub>O<sup>+</sup>
|PK=There is limited information regarding <i>Pharmacokinetics</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in the drug label.


AlCl<sub>3</sub> is probably the most commonly used non-[[Brønsted-Lowry acid]] and also one of the most powerful.  It finds widespread application in the [[chemical industry]] as a [[catalyst]] for [[Friedel-Crafts]] reactions, both acylations and alkylations.  It also finds use in [[polymerization]] and [[isomerization]] reactions of [[hydrocarbon]]s.
<!--Nonclinical Toxicology-->
[[Aluminium]] also forms a lower [[chloride]], aluminum(I) chloride (AlCl), but this is very unstable and only known in the vapour phase.<ref name="Greenwood"/>
|nonClinToxic=There is limited information regarding <i>Nonclinical Toxicology</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in the drug label.


==Chemical properties==
<!--Clinical Studies-->
'''Aluminium chloride''' is a powerful [[Lewis acid]], capable of forming stable Lewis acid-base adducts with even weak [[Lewis base]]s such as [[benzophenone]] or [[mesitylene]].<ref name="Friedel">G. A. Olah (ed.), ''Friedel-Crafts and Related Reactions'', Vol. 1, Interscience, New York, 1963.</ref> Not surprisingly it forms AlCl<sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup> in the presence of [[chloride]] ion.
|clinicalStudies=There is limited information regarding <i>Clinical Studies</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in the drug label.


In water, partial hydrolysis forms [[hydrogen chloride|HCl gas]] or H<sub>3</sub>O<sup>+</sup>, as described in the overview above. [[Aqueous solution]]s behave similarly to other [[aluminium]] [[salt]]s containing hydrated Al<sup>3+</sup> [[ion]]s, giving a gelatinous [[precipitate]] of [[aluminium hydroxide]] upon reaction with the correct quantity of aqueous [[sodium hydroxide]]:
<!--How Supplied-->
|storage=* Store between 59°-86°F (15°-30°C). Protect from freezing.
|packLabel=<!--Patient Counseling Information-->
|fdaPatientInfo=There is limited information regarding <i>Patient Counseling Information</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in the drug label.


AlCl<sub>3</sub>([[aqueous|aq]])  +  3 NaOH(aq)  → Al(OH)<sub>3</sub>([[solid|s]])  +  3[[sodium chloride|NaCl]](aq)
<!--Precautions with Alcohol-->
|alcohol=* Alcohol-{{PAGENAME}} interaction has not been established. Talk to your doctor about the effects of taking alcohol with this medication.


==Preparation==
<!--Brand Names-->
Aluminium chloride is manufactured on a large scale by the [[exothermic]] reaction of aluminium metal with chlorine or hydrogen chloride.<ref name="Greenwood"/>
|brandNames=* HEMOBAN ®<ref>{{Cite web | title = HEMOBAN- aluminum chloride solution | url = http://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=7054c4ea-fee2-4627-aff2-e99ceb1080c7 }}</ref>
:2 Al  +  3 Cl<sub>2</sub>  →  2 AlCl<sub>3</sub>
:2 Al  +  6 HCl  →  2 AlCl<sub>3</sub>  +  3 H<sub>2</sub>
Hydrated forms are prepared by dissolving aluminium oxides with hydrochloric acid.


==Uses==
<!--Look-Alike Drug Names-->
The [[Friedel-Crafts]] reaction<ref name="Friedel"/> is the major use for aluminium chloride, for example in the preparation of [[anthraquinone]] (for the [[dye]]stuffs industry) from [[benzene]] and [[phosgene]].<ref name="Greenwood"/> In the general [[Friedel-Crafts]] reaction, an [[acyl chloride]] or [[alkyl halide]] reacts with an [[aromatic]] system as shown:<ref name="Friedel"/>
|lookAlike=* A® — B®<ref name="www.ismp.org">{{Cite web  | last =  | first =  | title = http://www.ismp.org | url = http://www.ismp.org | publisher =  | date = }}</ref>


With [[benzene]] [[derivative]]s, the major product is the para [[isomer]].  The alkylation reaction has many associated problems, such as in [[Friedel-Crafts]], so it is less widely used than the acylation reaction. For both reactions, the aluminum chloride, as well as other materials and the equipment, must be moderately dry, although a trace of moisture is necessary for the reaction to proceed. A general problem with the Friedel-Crafts reaction is that the aluminium chloride "[[catalyst]]" needs to be present in full [[stoichiometry|stoichiometric]] quantities in order for the reaction to go to completion, because it [[Complex (chemistry)|complex]]es strongly with the products (see chemical properties above). This makes it very difficult to recycle, so it must be destroyed after use, generating a large amount of corrosive waste. For this reason chemists are examining the use of more [[green chemistry|environmentally benign]] catalysts such as [[ytterbium]](III) [[triflate]] or [[dysprosium]](III) triflate, which can be recycled.
<!--Drug Shortage Status-->
 
|drugShortage=
Aluminium chloride can also be used to introduce [[aldehyde]] groups onto [[aromatic]] rings, for example via the Gatterman-Koch reaction which uses [[carbon monoxide]], [[hydrogen chloride]] and a [[copper(I) chloride]] co-[[catalyst]]):<ref>L. G. Wade, ''Organic Chemistry'', 5th edition, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, United States, 2003.</ref>
}}
{{LabelImage
|fileName=Aluminium chloride.jpg
}}
{{LabelImage
|fileName=DailyMed - HEMOBAN- aluminum chloride solution .png
}}
<!--Pill Image-->


Aluminium chloride finds a wide variety of other applications in [[organic chemistry]].<ref>P. Galatsis, in: ''Handbook of Reagents for Organic Synthesis: Acidic and Basic Reagents'', (H. J. Reich, J. H. Rigby, eds.), pp12-15, Wiley, New York, 1999.</ref> For example, it can catalyse the "[[ene reaction]]", such as the addition of 3-buten-2-one (methyl vinyl ketone) to [[carvone]]:<ref> B. B. Snider, ''Accounts of Chemical Research'' '''13''', 426 (1980).</ref>


AlCl<sub>3</sub> is also widely used for [[polymerization]] and [[isomerization]] reactions of [[hydrocarbon]]s.  Important examples<ref name="Greenwood"/> include the manufacture of [[ethylbenzene]], which used to make [[styrene]] and thus [[polystyrene]], and also production of [[dodecylbenzene]], which is used for making [[detergent]]s.


Aluminium chloride combined with aluminum in the presence of an arene can be used to synthesize bis(arene) metal complexes, e.g. [[bis(benzene)chromium]], from certain metal halides via the so-called Fischer-Hafner synthesis.
<!--Label Display Image-->


Aluminum chloride, often in the form of derivatives such as [[aluminium chlorohydrate]], is a common component in [[antiperspirant]]s at low concentrations.  [[Hyperhidrosis]] sufferers need a much higher concentration (15% or higher), sold under such brand names as Drysol®, Maxim®, Odaban®, CertainDri®, B+Drier® and Driclor®.


==Precautions==
Anhydrous AlCl<sub>3</sub> reacts vigorously with [[water (molecule)|water]] and [[base (chemistry)|base]]s, so suitable precautions are required.  Hydrated salts are less problematic.


==References==
<references/>


==External links==
* [http://www.ilo.org/public/english/protection/safework/cis/products/icsc/dtasht/_icsc11/icsc1125.htm International Chemical Safety Card 1125]
* [http://www.orgsyn.org/orgsyn/chemname.asp?nameID=33169 Index of Organic Synthesis procedures that utilize AlCl<sub>3</sub>]
* [http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=24012 PubChem summary of AlCl<sub>3</sub>]


<!--Category-->
[[Category:Drug]]
[[Category:Chlorides]]
[[Category:Chlorides]]
[[Category:Metal halides]]
[[Category:Metal halides]]
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[[Category:Reagents for organic chemistry]]
[[Category:Reagents for organic chemistry]]
[[Category:Deliquescent substances]]
[[Category:Deliquescent substances]]
[[de:Aluminiumchlorid]]
[[fr:Chlorure d'aluminium]]
[[it:Cloruro di alluminio]]
[[ku:Bafûnklorîd]]
[[nl:Aluminiumchloride]]
[[ja:塩化アルミニウム]]
[[pl:Chlorek glinu]]
[[pt:Cloreto de alumínio]]
[[ru:Хлорид алюминия(III)]]
[[sl:Aluminijev klorid]]
[[sr:Алуминијум хлорид]]
[[zh:氯化铝]]
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Latest revision as of 17:25, 18 August 2015

Aluminium chloride
Adult Indications & Dosage
Pediatric Indications & Dosage
Contraindications
Warnings & Precautions
Adverse Reactions
Drug Interactions
Use in Specific Populations
Administration & Monitoring
Overdosage
Pharmacology
Clinical Studies
How Supplied
Images
Patient Counseling Information
Precautions with Alcohol
Brand Names
Look-Alike Names

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ammu Susheela, M.D. [2]

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Overview

Aluminium chloride is a chemical that is FDA approved for the treatment of indicated for the control of minor hemorrhage during dental restorative procedures. Common adverse reactions include hypersensitivity.

Adult Indications and Dosage

FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Adult)

  • Indicated for the control of minor hemorrhage during dental restorative procedures.
  • Dispense a small amount of Hemoban into a clean dappen dish or disposable cup.
  • For hemorrhage control prior to making a restorative impression, soak a suitable length of retraction cord in aluminium chloride, then using a cord-packing instrument, place the retraction cord into the gingival sulcus. Aluminium chloride is compatible with all impression techniques – though it is recommended that critical areas be gently rinsed with water prior to application of addition-type (VPS) impression materials to preclude inhibition of the setting reaction of the impression material.
  • For minor hemorrhage control in situations other than making restorative impressions, soak a cotton pellet in aluminium chloride and apply for several seconds to the area, then rinse gently with water.

Off-Label Use and Dosage (Adult)

Guideline-Supported Use

There is limited information regarding Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use of Aluminium chloride in adult patients.

Non–Guideline-Supported Use

There is limited information regarding Off-Label Non–Guideline-Supported Use of Aluminium chloride in adult patients.

Pediatric Indications and Dosage

FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Pediatric)

There is limited information regarding FDA-Labeled Use of Aluminium chloride in pediatric patients.

Off-Label Use and Dosage (Pediatric)

Guideline-Supported Use

There is limited information regarding Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use of Aluminium chloride in pediatric patients.

Non–Guideline-Supported Use

There is limited information regarding Off-Label Non–Guideline-Supported Use of Aluminium chloride in pediatric patients.

Contraindications

  • This product should not be used with individuals with known sensitivities to aluminum chloride.

Warnings

  • Do not swallow. Keep out of reach of children. For professional dental use only.

Adverse Reactions

Clinical Trials Experience

There is limited information regarding Clinical Trial Experience of Aluminium chloride in the drug label.

Postmarketing Experience

There is limited information regarding Postmarketing Experience of Aluminium chloride in the drug label.

Drug Interactions

There is limited information regarding Aluminium chloride Drug Interactions in the drug label.

Use in Specific Populations

Pregnancy

Pregnancy Category (FDA):

  • Pregnancy Category


Pregnancy Category (AUS):

  • Australian Drug Evaluation Committee (ADEC) Pregnancy Category

There is no Australian Drug Evaluation Committee (ADEC) guidance on usage of Aluminium chloride in women who are pregnant.

Labor and Delivery

There is no FDA guidance on use of Aluminium chloride during labor and delivery.

Nursing Mothers

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Aluminium chloride with respect to nursing mothers.

Pediatric Use

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Aluminium chloride with respect to pediatric patients.

Geriatic Use

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Aluminium chloride with respect to geriatric patients.

Gender

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Aluminium chloride with respect to specific gender populations.

Race

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Aluminium chloride with respect to specific racial populations.

Renal Impairment

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Aluminium chloride in patients with renal impairment.

Hepatic Impairment

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Aluminium chloride in patients with hepatic impairment.

Females of Reproductive Potential and Males

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Aluminium chloride in women of reproductive potentials and males.

Immunocompromised Patients

There is no FDA guidance one the use of Aluminium chloride in patients who are immunocompromised.

Administration and Monitoring

Administration

  • Topical

Monitoring

There is limited information regarding Monitoring of Aluminium chloride in the drug label.

IV Compatibility

There is limited information regarding IV Compatibility of Aluminium chloride in the drug label.

Overdosage

There is limited information regarding Chronic Overdose of Aluminium chloride in the drug label.

Pharmacology

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Template:Chembox header2 | Aluminium chloride
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChemSpider
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UNII
Properties
AlCl3
Molar mass 133.34 g/mol (anhydrous)
241.43 g/mol (hexahydrate)
Hazards
Related compounds
Template:Chembox header2 | Except where noted otherwise, data are given for
materials in their standard state
(at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox disclaimer and references

Mechanism of Action

  • aluminium chloride is formulated to control minor hemorrhage during dental restorative procedures. aluminium chloride may be used on a cotton pellet or more commonly with retraction cord. aluminium chloride contains 25% aluminum chloride.

Structure

There is limited information regarding Aluminium chloride Structure in the drug label.

Pharmacodynamics

There is limited information regarding Pharmacodynamics of Aluminium chloride in the drug label.

Pharmacokinetics

There is limited information regarding Pharmacokinetics of Aluminium chloride in the drug label.

Nonclinical Toxicology

There is limited information regarding Nonclinical Toxicology of Aluminium chloride in the drug label.

Clinical Studies

There is limited information regarding Clinical Studies of Aluminium chloride in the drug label.

How Supplied

There is limited information regarding Aluminium chloride How Supplied in the drug label.

Storage

  • Store between 59°-86°F (15°-30°C). Protect from freezing.

Images

Drug Images

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Package and Label Display Panel

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Patient Counseling Information

There is limited information regarding Patient Counseling Information of Aluminium chloride in the drug label.

Precautions with Alcohol

  • Alcohol-Aluminium chloride interaction has not been established. Talk to your doctor about the effects of taking alcohol with this medication.

Brand Names

Look-Alike Drug Names

Drug Shortage Status

Price

References

The contents of this FDA label are provided by the National Library of Medicine.

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 http://chemister.ru/Database/properties-en.php?dbid=1&id=353
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Template:Sigma-Aldrich
  3. ↑ "HEMOBAN- aluminum chloride solution".
  4. ↑ "http://www.ismp.org". External link in |title= (help)

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