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| {{DiseaseDisorder infobox |
| | #Redirect [[Melanoma]] |
| Name = Superficial spreading melanoma |
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| ICD10 = {{ICD10|C|43||c|43}} |
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| ICD9 = |
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| ICDO = {{ICDO|8743|3}} |
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| }}
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| {{Melanoma}}
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| ==Overview==
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| '''Superficial spreading melanoma''' (SSM) is the most common form of cutaneous [[melanoma]] in Caucasians. The average age at diagnosis is in the fifth decade, and it tends to occur on sun-exposed skin, especially on the backs of males and lower limbs of females.
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| Often, this disease evolves from a precursor lesion, usually a [[dysplastic nevus]]. Otherwise it arises in previously normal skin. A prolonged radial growth phase, where the lesion remains thin, may eventually be followed by a vertical growth phase where the lesion becomes thick and nodular. As the risk of spread varies with the thickness, early SSM is more frequently cured than late nodular melanoma.
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| The microscopic hallmarks are:
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| * Large melanocytic cells with nest formation along the dermo-epidermal junction.
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| * Invasion of the upper epidermis in a [[pagetoid]] fashion (discohesive single cell growth).
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| * The pattern of rete ridges is often effaced.
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| * Invasion of the dermis by atypical, pleomorphic melanocytes
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| * Absence of the 'maturation' typical of naevus cells
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| * Mitoses
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| Treatment is by excisional biopsy, [[wide local excision]] and possibly [[sentinel lymph node|sentinel node biopsy]]. Spread of disease to local lymph nodes or distant sites (typically brain, bone, skin and lung) marks a decidedly poor prognosis.
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| ==External links==
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| * [http://www.rcpa.edu.au/applications/DocumentLibraryManager2/upload/Melanoma.pdf Fact File from the Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia (pdf)]
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| * {{GPnotebook|-1435828191}}
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| {{Epithelial neoplasms}}
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| {{SIB}}
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| [[Category:Types of cancer]]
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| [[Category:Oncology]]
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