Myocarditis epidemiology: Difference between revisions
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===Etiology in Developed Countries=== | ===Etiology in Developed Countries=== | ||
Viral infections are the most common cause of myocarditis in developed countries. Common viral causes include [[coxsackie B]] and [[enterovirus]]. The frequency of [[dilated cardiomyopathy]] secondary to [[myocarditis]] is 7.5-10 per 100,000 individuals with enterovirus infections, with the Coxsackie-B viruses being the most common cause.<ref name="pmid8682098">{{cite journal| author=Friman G, Wesslén L, Fohlman J, Karjalainen J, Rolf C| title=The epidemiology of infectious myocarditis, lymphocytic myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy. | journal=Eur Heart J | year= 1995 | volume= 16 Suppl O | issue= | pages= 36-41 | pmid=8682098 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref> Recent studies show that [[adenovirus]], [[parvovirus B19]], [[hepatitis C]], and [[herpes virus]] | *Viral infections are the most common cause of myocarditis in developed countries. | ||
*Common viral causes include [[coxsackie B]] and [[enterovirus]]. | |||
Myocarditis secondary to [[lyme disease]] should be suspected in people traveling to regions where it is endemic, particularly if there are associated conduction abnormalities of the heart.<ref name="pmid2644885">{{cite journal| author=McAlister HF, Klementowicz PT, Andrews C, Fisher JD, Feld M, Furman S| title=Lyme carditis: an important cause of reversible heart block. | journal=Ann Intern Med | year= 1989 | volume= 110 | issue= 5 | pages= 339-45 | pmid=2644885 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref> | *The frequency of [[dilated cardiomyopathy]] secondary to [[myocarditis]] is 7.5-10 per 100,000 individuals with enterovirus infections, with the Coxsackie-B viruses being the most common cause.<ref name="pmid8682098">{{cite journal| author=Friman G, Wesslén L, Fohlman J, Karjalainen J, Rolf C| title=The epidemiology of infectious myocarditis, lymphocytic myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy. | journal=Eur Heart J | year= 1995 | volume= 16 Suppl O | issue= | pages= 36-41 | pmid=8682098 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref> | ||
*Recent studies show that [[adenovirus]], [[parvovirus B19]], [[hepatitis C]], and [[human herpes virus 6]] were the common causes for myocarditis.<ref name="pmid18645053">{{cite journal| author=Kindermann I, Kindermann M, Kandolf R, Klingel K, Bültmann B, Müller T et al.| title=Predictors of outcome in patients with suspected myocarditis. | journal=Circulation | year= 2008 | volume= 118 | issue= 6 | pages= 639-48 | pmid=18645053 | doi=10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.769489 | pmc= | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18645053 }} </ref><ref name="pmid15699250">{{cite journal| author=Kühl U, Pauschinger M, Noutsias M, Seeberg B, Bock T, Lassner D et al.| title=High prevalence of viral genomes and multiple viral infections in the myocardium of adults with "idiopathic" left ventricular dysfunction. | journal=Circulation | year= 2005 | volume= 111 | issue= 7 | pages= 887-93 | pmid=15699250 | doi=10.1161/01.CIR.0000155616.07901.35 | pmc= | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15699250 }} </ref> | |||
*Myocarditis secondary to [[lyme disease]] should be suspected in people traveling to regions where it is endemic, particularly if there are associated conduction abnormalities of the heart.<ref name="pmid2644885">{{cite journal| author=McAlister HF, Klementowicz PT, Andrews C, Fisher JD, Feld M, Furman S| title=Lyme carditis: an important cause of reversible heart block. | journal=Ann Intern Med | year= 1989 | volume= 110 | issue= 5 | pages= 339-45 | pmid=2644885 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref> | |||
===Etiology in Developing Countries=== | ===Etiology in Developing Countries=== | ||
Latest revision as of 18:39, 19 October 2015
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Myocarditis Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Myocarditis epidemiology On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Myocarditis epidemiology |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Myocarditis epidemiology |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor-In-Chief: Varun Kumar, M.B.B.S., Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2], Maliha Shakil, M.D. [3]
Overview
In young adults, up to 20% of all cases of sudden death are due to myocarditis. Myocarditis is slightly more frequent among males than females.[1]
Epidemiology and Demographics
Prevalence
In routine autopsies, 1-9% of all patients had evidence of myocardial inflammation.
Age
In young adults, up to 20% of all cases of sudden death are due to myocarditis.
Gender
Myocarditis is slightly more frequent among males than females. This may be due to protection conferred by the ovarian cycle.[1]
Race
No difference in frequency of myocarditis has been observed between various races.
Etiology in Developed Countries
- Viral infections are the most common cause of myocarditis in developed countries.
- Common viral causes include coxsackie B and enterovirus.
- The frequency of dilated cardiomyopathy secondary to myocarditis is 7.5-10 per 100,000 individuals with enterovirus infections, with the Coxsackie-B viruses being the most common cause.[2]
- Recent studies show that adenovirus, parvovirus B19, hepatitis C, and human herpes virus 6 were the common causes for myocarditis.[3][4]
- Myocarditis secondary to lyme disease should be suspected in people traveling to regions where it is endemic, particularly if there are associated conduction abnormalities of the heart.[5]
Etiology in Developing Countries
In South America, Chagas' disease (caused by Trypanosoma cruzi) is the main cause of myocarditis. Other causes in developing countries include rheumatic fever[6] and HIV infection.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Schwartz J, Sartini D, Huber S (2004). "Myocarditis susceptibility in female mice depends upon ovarian cycle phase at infection". Virology. 330 (1): 16–23. doi:10.1016/j.virol.2004.06.051. PMID 15527830.
- ↑ Friman G, Wesslén L, Fohlman J, Karjalainen J, Rolf C (1995). "The epidemiology of infectious myocarditis, lymphocytic myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy". Eur Heart J. 16 Suppl O: 36–41. PMID 8682098.
- ↑ Kindermann I, Kindermann M, Kandolf R, Klingel K, Bültmann B, Müller T; et al. (2008). "Predictors of outcome in patients with suspected myocarditis". Circulation. 118 (6): 639–48. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.769489. PMID 18645053. Unknown parameter
|http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=ignored (help) - ↑ Kühl U, Pauschinger M, Noutsias M, Seeberg B, Bock T, Lassner D; et al. (2005). "High prevalence of viral genomes and multiple viral infections in the myocardium of adults with "idiopathic" left ventricular dysfunction". Circulation. 111 (7): 887–93. doi:10.1161/01.CIR.0000155616.07901.35. PMID 15699250. Unknown parameter
|http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=ignored (help) - ↑ McAlister HF, Klementowicz PT, Andrews C, Fisher JD, Feld M, Furman S (1989). "Lyme carditis: an important cause of reversible heart block". Ann Intern Med. 110 (5): 339–45. PMID 2644885.
- ↑ Carapetis JR, Steer AC, Mulholland EK, Weber M (2005). "The global burden of group A streptococcal diseases". Lancet Infect Dis. 5 (11): 685–94. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(05)70267-X. PMID 16253886.