Macroglossia: Difference between revisions

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==Overview==
==Overview==
'''Macroglossia''' is the medical term for unusual enlargement ([[Organ hypertrophy|hypertrophy]]) of the [[tongue]]. Severe enlargement of the tongue can cause cosmetic and functional difficulties including in speaking, eating, swallowing and sleeping.  
The common causes of macroglossia include [[acromegaly]], [[amyloidosis]], [[beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome]], [[congenital hypothyroidism]] and [[down syndrome]].


==Causes==
==Causes==
Macroglossia is a feature of the following disorders:
===Life Threatening Causes===
Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.


===Common Causes===
*[[Acromegaly]]
*[[Acromegaly]]
*[[Amyloidosis]] (in primary and myeloma-related)
*[[Amyloidosis]]
*[[Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome]]
*[[Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome]]
*[[Congenital hypothyroidism]]
*[[Congenital hypothyroidism]]
*[[Down syndrome]]
*[[Hurler syndrome]]
*[[I-cell disease]]
===Causes by Organ System===
{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | [[Cardiac amyloidosis]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Chemical / poisoning'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dermatologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Hemangioma]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Angioedema]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ear Nose Throat'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Acromegaly]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Endocrine'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Acromegaly]], [[congenital hypothyroidism]], [[growth hormone secreting pituitary adenoma]], [[hypothyroidism]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Environmental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Genetic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Alpha-mannosidosis]], [[Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome]], chromosome 12p tetrasomy syndrome, chromosome 9q deletion syndrome, congenital micrognathia, [[down syndrome]], [[gM1 gangliosidoses]], gM3 gangliosidoses, [[glycogen storage disease]], [[Hunter syndrome]], [[Hurler syndrome]], [[Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy]], [[lymphoma]], [[monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance]], [[I-cell disease]], [[omphalocele]], [[Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome]], [[Pompe disease]], [[Potocki-Lupski syndrome]], [[Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome]], [[tongue cancer]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Hematologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Multiple myeloma]], [[monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance]], [[lymphoma]], [[down syndrome]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Iatrogenic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Infectious Disease'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Musculoskeletal / Ortho'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Acromegaly]], [[Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome]], [[congenital hypothyroidism]], [[cystic hygroma]], [[Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy]], [[multiple myeloma]], [[sleep apnea]], [[Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome]], [[Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome]], [[tongue cancer]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Neurologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Neurofibromatosis]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Nutritional / Metabolic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Cardiac amyloidosis]], [[amyloidosis]], [[gM1 gangliosidoses]], gM3 gangliosidoses, [[Hunter syndrome]], immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis, [[I-cell disease]], [[Pompe disease]], [[Potocki-Lupski syndrome]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Oncologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Hemangioma]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ophthalmologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Overdose / Toxicity'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Psychiatric'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Pulmonary'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Renal / Electrolyte'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Rheum / Immune / Allergy'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Angioedema]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Sexual'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Trauma'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Urologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Miscellaneous'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Sleep apnea]]
|-
|}
===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
{{columns-list|2|
* 17q21.31 duplication syndrome
* 22q11.2 duplication syndrome
* 5q35 microduplication syndrome
* [[Acromegaly]]
*[[Alpha-mannosidosis]]
*[[Cardiac amyloidosis]]
*[[Amyloidosis]]
*[[Angioedema]]
*[[Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome]]
* Chromosome 12p tetrasomy syndrome
* Chromosome 9q deletion syndrome
* [[Congenital hypothyroidism]]
* Congenital micrognathia
* [[Cystic hygroma]]
* Dialysis-related amyloidosis
* [[Down syndrome]]
* [[Gangliosidosis GM1, type 1]]
* Gangliosidosis GM3
* Gastrointestinal amyloidosis
*[[Glycogen storage disease]]
*[[Growth hormone secreting pituitary adenoma]]
*[[Hemangioma]]
*[[Hurler syndrome]]
*[[Hurler syndrome]]
*[[Immunodeficiency, centromere instability and facial anomalies syndrome]]
*[[Hypothyroidism]]
*[[Congenital hypothyroidism]]
*[[I-cell disease]]
* Immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis
*[[Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy]]
*[[Lymphangioma]]
*[[Lymphoma]]
*[[Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance]]
*[[Mucolipidosis II alpha/beta]]
* Mucopolysaccharidosis VII
*[[Multiple myeloma]]
*[[Neurofibromatosis]]
*[[Sleep apnea]]
*[[Omphalocele]]
*[[Opitz-Frias syndrome]]
*[[Pompe disease]]
*[[Potocki-Lupski syndrome]]
* Schinzel-Giedion midface-retraction syndrome
*[[Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome]]
*[[Tongue cancer]]
}}


{{SIB}}{{Congenital malformations and deformations of digestive system}}
 
{{Congenital malformations and deformations of digestive system}}


[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
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[[Category:Needs patient information]]
[[Category:Physical examination]]
[[Category:Physical examination]]
[[Category:Symptoms]]
[[Category:Signs and symptoms]]
[[Category:Signs and symptoms]]
[[Category:Signs]]
[[Category:Medical signs]]
 
 


[[de:Makroglossie]]
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Latest revision as of 16:12, 28 October 2015

Macroglossia
ICD-10 Q38.2
ICD-9 529.8
OMIM 153630
DiseasesDB 7689
MeSH D008260

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Experimental / Informatics

List of terms related to Macroglossia

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Carlos A Lopez, M.D. [2]

Overview

The common causes of macroglossia include acromegaly, amyloidosis, beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, congenital hypothyroidism and down syndrome.

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.

Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular Cardiac amyloidosis
Chemical / poisoning No underlying causes
Dermatologic Hemangioma
Drug Side Effect Angioedema
Ear Nose Throat Acromegaly
Endocrine Acromegaly, congenital hypothyroidism, growth hormone secreting pituitary adenoma, hypothyroidism
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic No underlying causes
Genetic Alpha-mannosidosis, Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, chromosome 12p tetrasomy syndrome, chromosome 9q deletion syndrome, congenital micrognathia, down syndrome, gM1 gangliosidoses, gM3 gangliosidoses, glycogen storage disease, Hunter syndrome, Hurler syndrome, Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy, lymphoma, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, I-cell disease, omphalocele, Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome, Pompe disease, Potocki-Lupski syndrome, Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome, tongue cancer
Hematologic Multiple myeloma, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, lymphoma, down syndrome
Iatrogenic No underlying causes
Infectious Disease No underlying causes
Musculoskeletal / Ortho Acromegaly, Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, congenital hypothyroidism, cystic hygroma, Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy, multiple myeloma, sleep apnea, Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome, Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, tongue cancer
Neurologic Neurofibromatosis
Nutritional / Metabolic Cardiac amyloidosis, amyloidosis, gM1 gangliosidoses, gM3 gangliosidoses, Hunter syndrome, immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis, I-cell disease, Pompe disease, Potocki-Lupski syndrome
Obstetric/Gynecologic No underlying causes
Oncologic Hemangioma
Ophthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose / Toxicity No underlying causes
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary No underlying causes
Renal / Electrolyte No underlying causes
Rheum / Immune / Allergy Angioedema
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma No underlying causes
Urologic No underlying causes
Miscellaneous Sleep apnea

Causes in Alphabetical Order

The unnamed parameter 2= is no longer supported. Please see the documentation for {{columns-list}}.
2


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