Tick-borne encephalitis laboratory findings: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
An array of laboratory tests exist to assist with the diagnoses of tick-borne encephalitis. [[PCR|Polymerase chain reactions (PCR)]] are most effective during the first week of infection. An early detection as a result of a successful [[PCR]] enables quicker medical treatment and ultimately a potentially higher survival rate. Other test useful during the later stages of infection include [[Immunofluorescence assay|immunofluorescence assays]], [[Antibody titer|antibody titers]], [[ELISA test|ELISA]], and other [[Serological testing|serologic tests]]. | |||
==Laboratory findings== | ==Laboratory findings== | ||
*Real-time polymerase chain | ===Polymerase chain reaction=== | ||
*Immunofluorescence assays, immunoassays, IgM and IgG titers, as well as other serologic testing techniques may all be helpful in diagnosing an infection | *Real-time [[PCR|polymerase chain reaction]]<nowiki/>s and other viral isolation techniques in mammalian cell cultures may be used to identify a tick-borne encephalitis infection during the initial, [[Virus|viremic]] phase. | ||
*These methods are considered slightly inferior since a patient is less likely to seek medical attention prior to [[neurological]] manifestations when these methods are most effective. | |||
*[[PCR|Polymerase chain reaction]] is a key element of differential diagnose when testing for tick-borne encephalitis. | |||
*An [[PCR|RT-PCR]] for a differential diagnoses should be taken within the transient viremia stage, which occurs during the first week of the infection. | |||
*If examined and confirmed early in the infection, a patient may receive quicker treatment. | |||
*An early detection and treatment, as a result of a successful [[RT-PCR]], may result in a higher survival rate and lessened complications due to infection. | |||
*[[RT-PCR]] is also a better method in individuals suffering from immediate onset of severe infection as well as those who have not yet produced any subsequent antibodies.<ref name="Enceph Prime">Tick-borne Encephalitis Virus: A General Overview. http://cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs-wm/20866.pdf. Accessed February 4, 2016. </ref> | |||
===Serologic testing=== | |||
*[[Immunofluorescence assay|Immunofluorescence assays]], immunoassays, IgM and IgG titers, as well as other [[serologic testing]] techniques may all be helpful in diagnosing an infection. | |||
*Diagnosis is primarily determined according to this method. | |||
*An [[ELISA]], or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, is commonly used as a method for diagnoses in later stages. | |||
*An [[ELISA]] is also considered the gold standard method in TBE diagnostic testing.<ref name="Enceph Prime">Tick-borne Encephalitis Virus: A General Overview. http://cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs-wm/20866.pdf. Accessed February 4, 2016. </ref> | |||
==References== | |||
{{Reflist|2}} | |||
[[Category: Infectious Disease]] | |||
Latest revision as of 21:43, 9 March 2016
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ilan Dock, B.S.
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Overview
An array of laboratory tests exist to assist with the diagnoses of tick-borne encephalitis. Polymerase chain reactions (PCR) are most effective during the first week of infection. An early detection as a result of a successful PCR enables quicker medical treatment and ultimately a potentially higher survival rate. Other test useful during the later stages of infection include immunofluorescence assays, antibody titers, ELISA, and other serologic tests.
Laboratory findings
Polymerase chain reaction
- Real-time polymerase chain reactions and other viral isolation techniques in mammalian cell cultures may be used to identify a tick-borne encephalitis infection during the initial, viremic phase.
- These methods are considered slightly inferior since a patient is less likely to seek medical attention prior to neurological manifestations when these methods are most effective.
- Polymerase chain reaction is a key element of differential diagnose when testing for tick-borne encephalitis.
- An RT-PCR for a differential diagnoses should be taken within the transient viremia stage, which occurs during the first week of the infection.
- If examined and confirmed early in the infection, a patient may receive quicker treatment.
- An early detection and treatment, as a result of a successful RT-PCR, may result in a higher survival rate and lessened complications due to infection.
- RT-PCR is also a better method in individuals suffering from immediate onset of severe infection as well as those who have not yet produced any subsequent antibodies.[1]
Serologic testing
- Immunofluorescence assays, immunoassays, IgM and IgG titers, as well as other serologic testing techniques may all be helpful in diagnosing an infection.
- Diagnosis is primarily determined according to this method.
- An ELISA, or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, is commonly used as a method for diagnoses in later stages.
- An ELISA is also considered the gold standard method in TBE diagnostic testing.[1]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Tick-borne Encephalitis Virus: A General Overview. http://cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs-wm/20866.pdf. Accessed February 4, 2016.