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{{Aortic stenosis surgery}}
{{Aortic stenosis surgery}}


{{CMG}}; '''Associate Editor-In-Chief:''' [[User:Mohammed Sbeih|Mohammed A. Sbeih, M.D.]] [mailto:msbeih@perfuse.org]
{{CMG}}; '''Associate Editor-In-Chief:''' [[User:Mohammed Sbeih|Mohammed A. Sbeih, M.D.]] [mailto:msbeih@wikidoc.org]; {{USAMA}}
 
==Overview==
Complications of aortic stenosis surgery may include blood clots in the legs that may travel to the lungs, blood loss, breathing problems, infection, including in the [[lungs]], [[kidneys]], [[bladder]], [[chest]], or [[heart valve]], reactions to medicines, nausea and vomiting, abnormal or painful scar formation
, and allergic skin reactions.<ref name="pmid27989360">{{cite journal| author=Escobar MA, Caty MG| title=Complications in neonatal surgery. | journal=Semin Pediatr Surg | year= 2016 | volume= 25 | issue= 6 | pages= 347-370 | pmid=27989360 | doi=10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2016.10.005 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27989360  }} </ref><ref name="pmid23645479">{{cite journal| author=Bechtel P, Boorse R, Rovito P, Harrison TD, Hong J| title=Warfarin users prone to coagulopathy in first 30 days after hospital discharge from gastric bypass. | journal=Obes Surg | year= 2013 | volume= 23 | issue= 10 | pages= 1515-9 | pmid=23645479 | doi=10.1007/s11695-013-0972-5 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23645479  }} </ref>


==Complications==
==Complications==
'''Risks of any surgery'''
====Risks of any Surgery====
Surgeries are usually associated with various complications ranging from mild to severe in nature. <ref name="pmid27989360">{{cite journal| author=Escobar MA, Caty MG| title=Complications in neonatal surgery. | journal=Semin Pediatr Surg | year= 2016 | volume= 25 | issue= 6 | pages= 347-370 | pmid=27989360 | doi=10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2016.10.005 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27989360  }} </ref><ref name="pmid23645479">{{cite journal| author=Bechtel P, Boorse R, Rovito P, Harrison TD, Hong J| title=Warfarin users prone to coagulopathy in first 30 days after hospital discharge from gastric bypass. | journal=Obes Surg | year= 2013 | volume= 23 | issue= 10 | pages= 1515-9 | pmid=23645479 | doi=10.1007/s11695-013-0972-5 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23645479  }} </ref><ref name="pmid26894090">{{cite journal| author=Kumar AS, Alaparthi GK, Augustine AJ, Pazhyaottayil ZC, Ramakrishna A, Krishnakumar SK| title=Comparison of Flow and Volume Incentive Spirometry on Pulmonary Function and Exercise Tolerance in Open Abdominal Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial. | journal=J Clin Diagn Res | year= 2016 | volume= 10 | issue= 1 | pages= KC01-6 | pmid=26894090 | doi=10.7860/JCDR/2016/16164.7064 | pmc=4740618 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26894090  }} </ref><ref name="pmid26556919">{{cite journal| author=Kelkar KV| title=Post-operative pulmonary complications after non-cardiothoracic surgery. | journal=Indian J Anaesth | year= 2015 | volume= 59 | issue= 9 | pages= 599-605 | pmid=26556919 | doi=10.4103/0019-5049.165857 | pmc=4613407 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26556919  }} </ref>


*Blood clots in the legs that may travel to the lungs.
*Blood clots in the legs that may travel to the lungs
*Blood loss.
*Blood loss
*Breathing problems.
*Breathing problems
*Infection, including in the lungs, kidneys, bladder, chest, or heart valves.
*Infection, including in the [[lungs]], [[kidneys]], [[bladder]], [[chest]], or [[heart valve]]s
*Reactions to medicines.
*Reactions to medicines
'''Possible risks from having [[open-heart surgery]]'''
*Nausea and vomiting
*Abnormal or painful scar formation
*Allergic skin reaction


*[[Heart attack]] or stroke.
====Possible Risks from having Open-Heart Surgery====
*Heart [[rhythm]] problems.
There are many possible complications after an Open Heart Surgery. The postoperative risk factors can be related to various factors including albumin, TLC and BMI.<ref name="pmid27982346">{{cite journal| author=Gonçalves LB, Jesus NM, Gonçalves MB, Dias LC, Deiró TC| title=Preoperative Nutritional Status and Clinical Complications in the Postoperative Period of Cardiac Surgeries. | journal=Braz J Cardiovasc Surg | year= 2016 | volume= 31 | issue= 5 | pages= 371-380 | pmid=27982346 | doi=10.5935/1678-9741.20160077 | pmc=5144568 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27982346  }} </ref> Some possible complications after a cardiac surgery are:<ref name="pmid20802907">{{cite journal| author=Laizo A, Delgado FE, Rocha GM| title=Complications that increase the time of Hospitalization at ICU of patients submitted to cardiac surgery. | journal=Rev Bras Cir Cardiovasc | year= 2010 | volume= 25 | issue= 2 | pages= 166-71 | pmid=20802907 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20802907  }} </ref><ref name="pmid17992325">{{cite journal| author=Taniguchi FP, Souza AR, Martins AS| title=Cardiopulmonary bypass time as a risk factor for acute renal failure. | journal=Rev Bras Cir Cardiovasc | year= 2007 | volume= 22 | issue= 2 | pages= 201-5 | pmid=17992325 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17992325  }} </ref><ref name="pmid20053534">{{cite journal| author=Jakob SM, Stanga Z| title=Perioperative metabolic changes in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. | journal=Nutrition | year= 2010 | volume= 26 | issue= 4 | pages= 349-53 | pmid=20053534 | doi=10.1016/j.nut.2009.07.014 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20053534  }} </ref><ref name="pmid8222841">{{cite journal| author=Cheng DC, Asokumar B, Nakagawa T| title=Amrinone therapy for severe pulmonary hypertension and biventricular failure after complicated valvular heart surgery. | journal=Chest | year= 1993 | volume= 104 | issue= 5 | pages= 1618-20 | pmid=8222841 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8222841  }} </ref>
*Infection in the cut, which is more likely to happen in people who are obese, have [[diabetes]], or have already had this surgery.
*Memory loss and loss of mental clarity, or "fuzzy thinking."
*[[Post-pericardiotomy syndrome]], which is a low-grade fever and chest pain. This could last for up to 6 months.


'''Prosthetic heart valves are associated with a variety of complications'''
*[[Heart attack]] or stroke
*Heart [[rhythm]] problems; such as [[atrial fibrillation]]
*Infection in the cut, which is more likely to happen in people who are obese, have [[diabetes]], or have already had this surgery
*Memory loss and loss of mental clarity, or "fuzzy thinking"
*Post-pericardiotomy syndrome, which is a low-grade fever and chest pain. This could last for up to 6 months.
*[[Acute Renal Failure]]
*Metabolic complications like hyperglycaemia, hypokalemia and increased free fatty acid concentration.


*Structural deterioration, particularly with bioprosthetic valves.
====Prosthetic Heart Valves are Associated with a Variety of Complications====
*Valve obstruction due to [[thrombosis]] or pannus formation.
The complications associated with a Prosthetic heart valve placement include:<ref name="pmid27989089">{{cite journal| author=Sánchez E, Corrales JA, Fantidis P, Tarhini IS, Khan I, Pineda T et al.| title=Thrombocytopenia after Aortic Valve Replacement with Perceval S Sutureless Bioprosthesis. | journal=J Heart Valve Dis | year= 2016 | volume= 25 | issue= 1 | pages= 75-81 | pmid=27989089 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27989089  }} </ref><ref name="pmid27621826">{{cite journal| author=Lunardi M, Pesarini G, Zivelonghi C, Piccoli A, Geremia G, Ariotti S et al.| title=Clinical outcomes of transcatheter aortic valve implantation: from learning curve to proficiency. | journal=Open Heart | year= 2016 | volume= 3 | issue= 2 | pages= e000420 | pmid=27621826 | doi=10.1136/openhrt-2016-000420 | pmc=5013502 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27621826  }} </ref><ref name="pmid27123462">{{cite journal| author=Zhao Y, Cui GM, Zhou NN, Li C, Zhang Q, Sun H et al.| title=Calpain-Calcineurin-Nuclear Factor Signaling and the Development of Atrial Fibrillation in Patients with Valvular Heart Disease and Diabetes. | journal=J Diabetes Res | year= 2016 | volume= 2016 | issue=  | pages= 4639654 | pmid=27123462 | doi=10.1155/2016/4639654 | pmc=4830711 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27123462  }} </ref><ref name="pmid8222841">{{cite journal| author=Cheng DC, Asokumar B, Nakagawa T| title=Amrinone therapy for severe pulmonary hypertension and biventricular failure after complicated valvular heart surgery. | journal=Chest | year= 1993 | volume= 104 | issue= 5 | pages= 1618-20 | pmid=8222841 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8222841  }} </ref>
*Systemic [[embolization]].
 
*Bleeding.
*Structural deterioration, particularly with bioprosthetic valves
*[[Endocarditis]] and other infections.
*Valve obstruction due to [[thrombosis]] or pannus formation
*Left ventricular systolic dysfunction, which may be preexisting ([[Heart failure]])).
*Systemic [[embolization]]
*[[Hemolytic anemia]].
*[[Atrial Fibrillation]]
*Thrombocytopenia or Bleeding
*[[Endocarditis]] and other infections
*Left ventricular systolic dysfunction, which may be preexisting ([[Heart failure]])
*[[Hemolytic anemia]]


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}


{{WH}}
{{WS}}
[[CME Category::Cardiology]]
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Valvular heart disease]]
[[Category:Cardiology]]
[[Category:Cardiology]]
[[Category:Congenital heart disease]]
[[Category:Cardiac surgery]]
[[Category:Surgery]]
[[Category:Surgery]]
[[Category:Cardiac surgery]]
[[Category:Needs overview]]
[[Category:Surgical procedures]]
[[Category:Overview complete]]
[[Category:Template complete]]
[[Category:For review]]
[[Category:Valvular heart disease]]
 
{{WH}}
{{WS}}

Latest revision as of 16:01, 5 January 2017

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor-In-Chief: Mohammed A. Sbeih, M.D. [2]; Usama Talib, BSc, MD [3]

Overview

Complications of aortic stenosis surgery may include blood clots in the legs that may travel to the lungs, blood loss, breathing problems, infection, including in the lungs, kidneys, bladder, chest, or heart valve, reactions to medicines, nausea and vomiting, abnormal or painful scar formation , and allergic skin reactions.[1][2]

Complications

Risks of any Surgery

Surgeries are usually associated with various complications ranging from mild to severe in nature. [1][2][3][4]

  • Blood clots in the legs that may travel to the lungs
  • Blood loss
  • Breathing problems
  • Infection, including in the lungs, kidneys, bladder, chest, or heart valves
  • Reactions to medicines
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Abnormal or painful scar formation
  • Allergic skin reaction

Possible Risks from having Open-Heart Surgery

There are many possible complications after an Open Heart Surgery. The postoperative risk factors can be related to various factors including albumin, TLC and BMI.[5] Some possible complications after a cardiac surgery are:[6][7][8][9]

  • Heart attack or stroke
  • Heart rhythm problems; such as atrial fibrillation
  • Infection in the cut, which is more likely to happen in people who are obese, have diabetes, or have already had this surgery
  • Memory loss and loss of mental clarity, or "fuzzy thinking"
  • Post-pericardiotomy syndrome, which is a low-grade fever and chest pain. This could last for up to 6 months.
  • Acute Renal Failure
  • Metabolic complications like hyperglycaemia, hypokalemia and increased free fatty acid concentration.

Prosthetic Heart Valves are Associated with a Variety of Complications

The complications associated with a Prosthetic heart valve placement include:[10][11][12][9]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Escobar MA, Caty MG (2016). "Complications in neonatal surgery". Semin Pediatr Surg. 25 (6): 347–370. doi:10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2016.10.005. PMID 27989360.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Bechtel P, Boorse R, Rovito P, Harrison TD, Hong J (2013). "Warfarin users prone to coagulopathy in first 30 days after hospital discharge from gastric bypass". Obes Surg. 23 (10): 1515–9. doi:10.1007/s11695-013-0972-5. PMID 23645479.
  3. ↑ Kumar AS, Alaparthi GK, Augustine AJ, Pazhyaottayil ZC, Ramakrishna A, Krishnakumar SK (2016). "Comparison of Flow and Volume Incentive Spirometry on Pulmonary Function and Exercise Tolerance in Open Abdominal Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial". J Clin Diagn Res. 10 (1): KC01–6. doi:10.7860/JCDR/2016/16164.7064. PMC 4740618. PMID 26894090.
  4. ↑ Kelkar KV (2015). "Post-operative pulmonary complications after non-cardiothoracic surgery". Indian J Anaesth. 59 (9): 599–605. doi:10.4103/0019-5049.165857. PMC 4613407. PMID 26556919.
  5. ↑ Gonçalves LB, Jesus NM, Gonçalves MB, Dias LC, Deiró TC (2016). "Preoperative Nutritional Status and Clinical Complications in the Postoperative Period of Cardiac Surgeries". Braz J Cardiovasc Surg. 31 (5): 371–380. doi:10.5935/1678-9741.20160077. PMC 5144568. PMID 27982346.
  6. ↑ Laizo A, Delgado FE, Rocha GM (2010). "Complications that increase the time of Hospitalization at ICU of patients submitted to cardiac surgery". Rev Bras Cir Cardiovasc. 25 (2): 166–71. PMID 20802907.
  7. ↑ Taniguchi FP, Souza AR, Martins AS (2007). "Cardiopulmonary bypass time as a risk factor for acute renal failure". Rev Bras Cir Cardiovasc. 22 (2): 201–5. PMID 17992325.
  8. ↑ Jakob SM, Stanga Z (2010). "Perioperative metabolic changes in patients undergoing cardiac surgery". Nutrition. 26 (4): 349–53. doi:10.1016/j.nut.2009.07.014. PMID 20053534.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Cheng DC, Asokumar B, Nakagawa T (1993). "Amrinone therapy for severe pulmonary hypertension and biventricular failure after complicated valvular heart surgery". Chest. 104 (5): 1618–20. PMID 8222841.
  10. ↑ Sánchez E, Corrales JA, Fantidis P, Tarhini IS, Khan I, Pineda T; et al. (2016). "Thrombocytopenia after Aortic Valve Replacement with Perceval S Sutureless Bioprosthesis". J Heart Valve Dis. 25 (1): 75–81. PMID 27989089.
  11. ↑ Lunardi M, Pesarini G, Zivelonghi C, Piccoli A, Geremia G, Ariotti S; et al. (2016). "Clinical outcomes of transcatheter aortic valve implantation: from learning curve to proficiency". Open Heart. 3 (2): e000420. doi:10.1136/openhrt-2016-000420. PMC 5013502. PMID 27621826.
  12. ↑ Zhao Y, Cui GM, Zhou NN, Li C, Zhang Q, Sun H; et al. (2016). "Calpain-Calcineurin-Nuclear Factor Signaling and the Development of Atrial Fibrillation in Patients with Valvular Heart Disease and Diabetes". J Diabetes Res. 2016: 4639654. doi:10.1155/2016/4639654. PMC 4830711. PMID 27123462.

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