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| {{Taxobox
| | #REDIRECT[[Mycoplasma genitalium infection]] |
| | color = lightgrey
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| | name = ''Mycoplasma genitalium''
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| | image = Mycoplasma genitalium.gif
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| | regnum = [[Bacterium|Bacteria]]
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| | divisio = [[Firmicutes]]
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| | classis = [[Mollicutes]]
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| | ordo = [[Mycoplasmatales]]
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| | familia = [[Mycoplasmataceae]]
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| | genus = ''[[Mycoplasma]]''
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| | species = '''''M. genitalium'''''
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| | binomial = ''Mycoplasma genitalium''
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| | binomial_authority = Tully et al., 1983
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| }}
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| __NOTOC__
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| {{CMG}}; {{AE}}{{DN}}
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| {{SI}}
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| ==Overview==
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| ==Classification==
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| ==Historical Perspective==
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| *'''''[[Mycoplasma genitalium]]''''' is the 11th '''''[[Mycoplasma]]''''' species of human origin.<ref name="pmid21734246">{{cite journal |vauthors=Taylor-Robinson D, Jensen JS |title=Mycoplasma genitalium: from Chrysalis to multicolored butterfly |journal=Clin. Microbiol. Rev. |volume=24 |issue=3 |pages=498–514 |year=2011 |pmid=21734246 |pmc=3131060 |doi=10.1128/CMR.00006-11 |url=}}</ref>
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| *In 1980, 13 men were tested for non-gonoccal [[urethritis]] (NGU). '''''[[Mycoplasma genitalium]]''''' was isolated from 2 of those 13 men.<ref name="pmid27605499">{{cite journal |vauthors=Jensen JS, Cusini M, Gomberg M, Moi H |title=Background review for the 2016 European guideline on Mycoplasma genitalium infections |journal=J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol |volume= |issue= |pages= |year=2016 |pmid=27605499 |doi=10.1111/jdv.13850 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid26975162">{{cite journal |vauthors= |title=Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Summary of 2015 CDC Treatment Guidelines |journal=J Miss State Med Assoc |volume=56 |issue=12 |pages=372–5 |year=2015 |pmid=26975162 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid12599082">{{cite journal |vauthors=Manhart LE, Critchlow CW, Holmes KK, Dutro SM, Eschenbach DA, Stevens CE, Totten PA |title=Mucopurulent cervicitis and Mycoplasma genitalium |journal=J. Infect. Dis. |volume=187 |issue=4 |pages=650–7 |year=2003 |pmid=12599082 |doi=10.1086/367992 |url=}}</ref>
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| *In the early 1990s, [[polymerase chain reaction]] (PCR) was developed, which allowed for diagnosis of '''''[[Mycoplasma genitalium]]'''''.<ref name="pmid27605499">{{cite journal |vauthors=Jensen JS, Cusini M, Gomberg M, Moi H |title=Background review for the 2016 European guideline on Mycoplasma genitalium infections |journal=J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol |volume= |issue= |pages= |year=2016 |pmid=27605499 |doi=10.1111/jdv.13850 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid12599082">{{cite journal |vauthors=Manhart LE, Critchlow CW, Holmes KK, Dutro SM, Eschenbach DA, Stevens CE, Totten PA |title=Mucopurulent cervicitis and Mycoplasma genitalium |journal=J. Infect. Dis. |volume=187 |issue=4 |pages=650–7 |year=2003 |pmid=12599082 |doi=10.1086/367992 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid16877571">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ross JD, Jensen JS |title=Mycoplasma genitalium as a sexually transmitted infection: implications for screening, testing, and treatment |journal=Sex Transm Infect |volume=82 |issue=4 |pages=269–71 |year=2006 |pmid=16877571 |pmc=2564705 |doi=10.1136/sti.2005.017368 |url=}}</ref>
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| *Since 1993, the role of '''''[[Mycoplasma genitalium]]''''' as a cause of non-gonococcal [[urethritis]] has appeared in literature following the advances in [[polymerase chain reaction]] (PCR).<ref name="pmid16877571">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ross JD, Jensen JS |title=Mycoplasma genitalium as a sexually transmitted infection: implications for screening, testing, and treatment |journal=Sex Transm Infect |volume=82 |issue=4 |pages=269–71 |year=2006 |pmid=16877571 |pmc=2564705 |doi=10.1136/sti.2005.017368 |url=}}</ref>
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| ==Pathophysiology==
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| ===Pathogenesis===
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| ===Genetics===
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| ===Associated Conditions===
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| ===Gross Pathology===
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| ===Microscopic Pathology===
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| ==Causes==
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| ==Differentiating Mycoplasma genitalium infection from other diseases==
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| ==Epidemiology and Demographics==
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| ==Risk Factors==
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| There several risk factors that have been identified with '''''[[Mycoplasma genitalium]]''''' infection. These risk factors include:<ref name="pmid27605499">{{cite journal |vauthors=Jensen JS, Cusini M, Gomberg M, Moi H |title=Background review for the 2016 European guideline on Mycoplasma genitalium infections |journal=J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol |volume= |issue= |pages= |year=2016 |pmid=27605499 |doi=10.1111/jdv.13850 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid12599082">{{cite journal |vauthors=Manhart LE, Critchlow CW, Holmes KK, Dutro SM, Eschenbach DA, Stevens CE, Totten PA |title=Mucopurulent cervicitis and Mycoplasma genitalium |journal=J. Infect. Dis. |volume=187 |issue=4 |pages=650–7 |year=2003 |pmid=12599082 |doi=10.1086/367992 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid20679963">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hancock EB, Manhart LE, Nelson SJ, Kerani R, Wroblewski JK, Totten PA |title=Comprehensive assessment of sociodemographic and behavioral risk factors for Mycoplasma genitalium infection in women |journal=Sex Transm Dis |volume=37 |issue=12 |pages=777–83 |year=2010 |pmid=20679963 |pmc=4628821 |doi=10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181e8087e |url=}}</ref>
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| *High risk sexual behavior, defined as having >3 new sexual partners in the past year
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| *Being engaged in sexual contact with persons with [[STDs]], particularly '''''[[Mycoplasma genitalium]]'''''
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| *Non-white race
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| *Having a black partner
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| *Young age (<20 years old)
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| *[[Smoking]]
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| *Having less than high school education
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| *Having an annual income of less than $10,000
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| *Risk factors specific to [[females]] includes:
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| **Frequent douching
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| **Proliferative phase of the [[menstrual cycle]]
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| **History of spontaneous [[miscarriage]]
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| **Undergoing procedures that breach the [[cervical]] barrier
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| **Use of [[Depo-Provera]] for [[contraception]]
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| ==Screening==
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| ==Natural history, Complications and Prognosis==
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| ==History==
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| ==Physical Examination==
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| ==Laboratory Findings==
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| ==X-Ray==
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| ==CT==
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| ==Other Imaging Findings==
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| ==Other Diagnostic Studies==
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| ==Medical Therapy==
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| ==Surgical Therapy==
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| ==Primary Prevention==
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| ==Secondary Prevention==
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| ==References==
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| [[Category:Infectious Disease]]
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| [[Category:Primary Care]]
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| [[Category:Gynecology]]
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| [[Category:Urology]]
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| {{WH}}{{WS}}
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| {{Reflist|2}}
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