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| __NOTOC__
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| {{Liver abscess}}
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| {{CMG}};{{AE}}{{YK}}
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| ==Overview==
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| A liver [[abscess]] is a pus-filled mass inside or attached to the [[liver]]. Common causes are an abdominal infection such as [[appendicitis]] or [[diverticulitis]]. With treatment, the death rate is 10-30%.<ref name="MedlinePlus">{{cite web | url=http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000261.htm | title='MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Pyogenic liver abscess'}}</ref>. Biliary tract disease is the most common cause but no cause identified in the majority of patients. There are nonspecific clinical findings hence a high degree of suspicion required for diagnosis. There are most often single, rather than multiple foci. Hyperbilirubinemia and elevated [[alkaline phosphatase]] in the majority of patients, but low specificity. [[E. coli]] is the most prevalent organism, followed by [[Klebsiella]], [[Streptococcus]], and [[Bacteroides]] species. Rare cause is bowel perforation following foreign body ingestion. Therapy for solitary liver abscess from causes other than bowel perforation is [[intravenous]] [[antibiotic]]s and percutaneous US- or CT-guided drainage. Therapy for liver abscess caused by bowel perforation or foreign body is open surgical drainage. Amebic liver abscess occurs in 94% of cases of [[amebiasis]]. Liver abscess is a relatively infrequent (1.7% according to Cho, D. et. al.), although possible, complication of [[percutaneous]] [[radiofrequency ablation]] of hepatic tumors.
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| ==Classification==
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| Liver abscess may be classified into 3 types based on etiology into [[pyogenic]], [[amoeba|amoebic]], and [[fungal]] liver abscess.
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| {{familytree/start}}
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| {{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | A01| | | | | | | | | | | |A01='''Liver abscess'''}}
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| {{familytree | | | | |,|-|-|-|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|-|-|-|.| }}
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| {{familytree | | | | B01 | | | | | B02 | | | | | B03 |B01='''[[Amoebic liver abscess]]'''|B02='''[[Pyogenic liver abscess]]'''|B03='''Fungal abscess'''}}
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| {{familytree | | | | |!| | | | | | |!| | | | | | |!| |}}
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| {{familytree | | | | C01 | | | | | C02 | | | | | C03 | C01=[[Entamoeba histolytica]]|C02=[[Bacteria]]|C03=[[Candida|Candida species]]}}
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| {{familytree | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | |}}
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| {{familytree | | | | |,|-|-|-|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|-|-|.| }}
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| {{familytree | | | | D01 | | | | | D02 | | | | | D03 | | | | D04 |D01=[[Gram-positive]] [[aerobes]]|D02=[[Gram-negative]] enterics|D03=[[Anaerobic]] organisms|D04=[[Acid fast|Acid fast bacilli]]}}
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| {{familytree | | | | |!| | | | | | |!| | | | | | |!| | | | | |!|}}
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| {{familytree | | | | E01 | | | | | E02 | | | | | E03 | | | | E04 | E01=[[Streptococcus|Streptococcus sp]] <br> ''[[Staphylococcus aureus]]'' / ''[[Staphylococcus epidermidis]]'' <br> ''[[Actinomyces|Actinomyces sp]] <br>[[Enterococcus|Enterococcus sp]] <br> ''[[Streptococcus milleri]]''|E02=''[[Escherichia coli]]'' <br> ''[[Salmonella typhi]]'' <br> ''[[Yersinia enterocolitica]]'' <br> ''[[Klebsiella|K.pneumonia]]'' <br> [[Pseudomonas|Pseudomonas sp]] <br> [[Proteus|Proteus sp]] <br> ''[[Eikenella corrodens]]'' <br> Others|E03=[[Bacteroides|Bacteroids sp]] <br> [[Fusobacterium]] <br> [[Anaerobic]]/ [[Microaerophilic]] [[streptococci]] <br> Other [[anaerobes]]|E04=''[[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]]''}}
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| {{familytree/end}}
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| ==Synopsis==
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| ==Differential Diagnosis==
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| ==Treatment==
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| ==References==
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| {{reflist|2}}
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| {{WH}}
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| {{WS}}
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| [[Category:Gastroenterology]]
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| [[Category:Infectious disease]]
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| [[Category:Mature chapter]]
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| [[Category:Disease]]
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