AV reentrant tachycardia: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
← Older edit
VisualWikitext
No edit summary
Ahmed Younes (talk | contribs)
nocaptcha
6,168 edits
No edit summary
 
(20 intermediate revisions by 4 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
<div style="-webkit-user-select: none;">
{|class="infobox" style="position: fixed; top: 65%; right: 10px; margin: 0 0 0 0; border: 0; float: right;
|-
| {{#ev:youtube|https://https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=36MT8hR-gDg|350}}
|-
|}
{{SI}}
{{SI}}
{{CMG}}; {{AOEIC}} {{VK}}
{{CMG}}; {{AOEIC}} {{VK}}


{{SK}} AVRT
{{SK}} AVRT; AV-reciprocating tachycardia; atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia; circus movement tachycardia
==Overview==
AVRT results from an anatomically distinct atrioventricular connection. The causes, which usually are congenital or genetic, include: [[Ebstein anomaly]], [[Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome]], [[Mahaim fibers|Mahaim fiber tachycardia]], [[Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome]].
 
==Classification==
Two types of tachycardia fall under this category:
 
===Orthodromic Atrioventricular Reentrant Tachycardia===
In orthodromic AVRT, the antegrade conduction (from the [[atria]] to the [[ventricle]]s) occurs through the [[AV node]], whereas the retrograde conduction (from the [[ventricle]] to the [[atrium]]) occurs through the accessory pathway. In this case, the [[ECG]] will reveal narrow [[QRS]] and retrograde [[P wave]] following the [[QRS complex]].
 
[[File:Orthodromic AVRT.png|200px|center]]<br>
 
===Antidromic Atrioventricular Reentrant Tachycardia===
In antidromic AVRT, the antegrade conduction (from the [[atrium]] to the [[ventricle]]) occurs through the accessory pathway, whereas the retrograde conduction (from the [[ventricles]] to the [[atria]]) occurs through the [[AV node]].  In this case, the [[ECG]] will reveal [[wide QRS]] similar to those found in [[ventricular tachycardia]].
 
[[File:Antidromic AVRT.png|200px|center]] <br>
 
==Causes==
 
===Life Threatening Causes===
Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.
 
AV nodal reentrant tachycardia is usually not life-threatening.
 
===Common Causes===
*[[Mitral valve prolapse]]
 
===Causes by Organ Systems===
{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | [[Ebstein anomaly]], [[Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome]], [[Mahaim fibers|Mahaim fiber tachycardia]], [[Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dermatologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ear Nose Throat'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Endocrine'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Environmental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Genetic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Ebstein anomaly]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Hematologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|  No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Iatrogenic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Infectious Disease'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Neurologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Nutritional/Metabolic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Oncologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ophthalmologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Overdose/Toxicity'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Psychiatric'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Pulmonary'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Renal/Electrolyte'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Sexual'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Trauma'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Urologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Miscellaneous'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|}
 
===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
*[[Ebstein anomaly]]
*[[Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome]]
*[[Mahaim fibers|Mahaim fiber tachycardia]]
*[[Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome]]


==Pathophysiology==
==Pathophysiology==
Electrical activity of the heart is rerouted through an accessory pathway that connects the atria with the ventricles.  
Electrical activity of the heart is rerouted through an accessory pathway that connects the atria with the ventricles.  


==Classification==
==Diagnosis==
Two types of tachycardias fall under this category:
===Electrocardiogram===
===Antegrade Reentrant Tachycardia===
====QRS Atlernans====
Antegrade conduction is the progression of electrical activity from the atria to the ventricals through an accessory pathway. This leads to a premature activation of the ventrical and shows on [[ECG]] as a delta wave during [[sinus rhythm]]. Antegrade Reentrant Tachycardia is caused when the electrical activity progresses from the atria to the ventrical through the accessory pathway and reenters the atria through the [[HIS Bundle]]. This circular progression continues and overrides the normal conduction system.
The appearance of [[QRS alternans]] as part of a narrow complex tachycardia suggests the diagnosis of orthodromic [[atrioventricular (AV) reentrant tachycardia]] which conducts retrograde over an accessory pathway.
 
===Retrograde Reentrant Tachycardia===
Retrograde Reentrant Tachycardia is the reverse circuit. The electrical activity progresses normally from the atria down the HIS bundle, but reenters the atria through the accessory pathway. This circular progression continues and overrides the normal conduction system.
 
==Video==
==Video==
Below is a video explaining the mechanism of AV re-entrant tachycardia
Below is a video explaining the mechanism of AV re-entrant tachycardia
Line 26: Line 174:
[[Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome]]
[[Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome]]
[[Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome]]
[[Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome]]
{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
{{WikiDoc Sources}}
[[CME Category::Cardiology]]


[[Category:Cardiology]]
[[Category:Cardiology]]
[[Category:Electrophysiology]]
[[Category:Electrophysiology]]
 
[[Category:Arrhythmia]]
{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
{{WikiDoc Sources}}

Latest revision as of 16:49, 13 July 2017

https://https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=36MT8hR-gDg%7C350}}

WikiDoc Resources for AV reentrant tachycardia

Articles

Most recent articles on AV reentrant tachycardia

Most cited articles on AV reentrant tachycardia

Review articles on AV reentrant tachycardia

Articles on AV reentrant tachycardia in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ

Media

Powerpoint slides on AV reentrant tachycardia

Images of AV reentrant tachycardia

Photos of AV reentrant tachycardia

Podcasts & MP3s on AV reentrant tachycardia

Videos on AV reentrant tachycardia

Evidence Based Medicine

Cochrane Collaboration on AV reentrant tachycardia

Bandolier on AV reentrant tachycardia

TRIP on AV reentrant tachycardia

Clinical Trials

Ongoing Trials on AV reentrant tachycardia at Clinical Trials.gov

Trial results on AV reentrant tachycardia

Clinical Trials on AV reentrant tachycardia at Google

Guidelines / Policies / Govt

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on AV reentrant tachycardia

NICE Guidance on AV reentrant tachycardia

NHS PRODIGY Guidance

FDA on AV reentrant tachycardia

CDC on AV reentrant tachycardia

Books

Books on AV reentrant tachycardia

News

AV reentrant tachycardia in the news

Be alerted to news on AV reentrant tachycardia

News trends on AV reentrant tachycardia

Commentary

Blogs on AV reentrant tachycardia

Definitions

Definitions of AV reentrant tachycardia

Patient Resources / Community

Patient resources on AV reentrant tachycardia

Discussion groups on AV reentrant tachycardia

Patient Handouts on AV reentrant tachycardia

Directions to Hospitals Treating AV reentrant tachycardia

Risk calculators and risk factors for AV reentrant tachycardia

Healthcare Provider Resources

Symptoms of AV reentrant tachycardia

Causes & Risk Factors for AV reentrant tachycardia

Diagnostic studies for AV reentrant tachycardia

Treatment of AV reentrant tachycardia

Continuing Medical Education (CME)

CME Programs on AV reentrant tachycardia

International

AV reentrant tachycardia en Espanol

AV reentrant tachycardia en Francais

Business

AV reentrant tachycardia in the Marketplace

Patents on AV reentrant tachycardia

Experimental / Informatics

List of terms related to AV reentrant tachycardia

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Varun Kumar, M.B.B.S. [2]

Synonyms and keywords: AVRT; AV-reciprocating tachycardia; atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia; circus movement tachycardia

Overview

AVRT results from an anatomically distinct atrioventricular connection. The causes, which usually are congenital or genetic, include: Ebstein anomaly, Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome, Mahaim fiber tachycardia, Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome.

Classification

Two types of tachycardia fall under this category:

Orthodromic Atrioventricular Reentrant Tachycardia

In orthodromic AVRT, the antegrade conduction (from the atria to the ventricles) occurs through the AV node, whereas the retrograde conduction (from the ventricle to the atrium) occurs through the accessory pathway. In this case, the ECG will reveal narrow QRS and retrograde P wave following the QRS complex.


Antidromic Atrioventricular Reentrant Tachycardia

In antidromic AVRT, the antegrade conduction (from the atrium to the ventricle) occurs through the accessory pathway, whereas the retrograde conduction (from the ventricles to the atria) occurs through the AV node. In this case, the ECG will reveal wide QRS similar to those found in ventricular tachycardia.


Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.

AV nodal reentrant tachycardia is usually not life-threatening.

Common Causes

Causes by Organ Systems

Cardiovascular Ebstein anomaly, Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome, Mahaim fiber tachycardia, Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome
Chemical/Poisoning No underlying causes
Dental No underlying causes
Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect No underlying causes
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine No underlying causes
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic No underlying causes
Genetic Ebstein anomaly
Hematologic No underlying causes
Iatrogenic No underlying causes
Infectious Disease No underlying causes
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic No underlying causes
Neurologic No underlying causes
Nutritional/Metabolic No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic No underlying causes
Oncologic No underlying causes
Ophthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity No underlying causes
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary No underlying causes
Renal/Electrolyte No underlying causes
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy No underlying causes
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma No underlying causes
Urologic No underlying causes
Miscellaneous No underlying causes

Causes in Alphabetical Order

Pathophysiology

Electrical activity of the heart is rerouted through an accessory pathway that connects the atria with the ventricles.

Diagnosis

Electrocardiogram

QRS Atlernans

The appearance of QRS alternans as part of a narrow complex tachycardia suggests the diagnosis of orthodromic atrioventricular (AV) reentrant tachycardia which conducts retrograde over an accessory pathway.

Video

Below is a video explaining the mechanism of AV re-entrant tachycardia

{{#ev:youtube|coS_Oky4lPk}}

References

See Also

Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome


Template:WikiDoc Sources CME Category::Cardiology

Retrieved from "https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php?title=AV_reentrant_tachycardia&oldid=1326024"