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{{Cutaneous leishmaniasis}}
{{Cutaneous leishmaniasis}}
{{CMG}}
{{CMG}}
==Overview==
==Epidemiology and Demographics==
==Epidemiology and Demographics==
[[Image:Cut leishmaniasis.jpg|thumb|left|Diffuse skin lesions from Cutenous leishmaniasis which can be confused with [[Leprosy]]]]
In the Old World (Eastern Hemisphere), CL is found in parts of the Middle East, Asia (particularly southwest and central Asia), Africa (particularly the tropical region and North Africa), and southern Europe. In the New World (Western Hemisphere), CL is found in parts of Mexico, Central America, and South America. Occasional cases have been reported in Texas and Oklahoma. CL is not found in Chile, Uruguay, or Canada. Overall, CL is found in focal areas of about 90 countries. Most (>90%) of the world’s cases of CL occur in 10 countries: Afghanistan, Algeria, Iran, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, and Syria in the Old World; and Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, and Peru in the New World.


Cutaneous leishmaniasis endemic to many parts of the world. Around twenty different species of Leishmania parasite are capable of infecting humans. The distribution of cutaneous leishmaniasis is very tightly linked to geography and villages even 15 miles apart can have very different rates of cutaneous leishmaniasis.
The geographic distribution of cases of CL evaluated in countries such as the United States reflects travel and immigration patterns. More than 75% of the cases diagnosed in US civilians have been acquired in Latin America, including popular tourist destinations such as Costa Rica. Cases in US service personnel reflect military activities (in Iraq, for example). CL is usually more common in rural than urban areas, but it is found in some periurban and urban areas (such as in Baghdad, Iraq, and Kabul, Afghanistan). The ecologic settings range from rainforests to arid regions.


Some Leishmania species are closely linked to humans and are therefore found in cities (e.g., ''Leishmania tropica''), whereas some are more traditionally associated with animal species and are therefore considered [[zoonosis|zoonoses]] (e.g., ''Leishmania major'']).  Some species that are traditionally considered zoonotic (e.g., ''L.&nbsp;panamensis'') may be becoming primarily human diseases.<ref>{{cite journal | title=Evidence for Leishmania (Viannia) parasites in the skin and blood of patients before and after treatment | author=Vergel C, Palacios R, Cadena H, ''et al.'' | journal=J Infect Dis | year=2006 | volume=194 |pages=503&ndash;511 }}</ref>
==References==
==References==
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{{Reflist|2}}
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{{WikiDoc Sources}}
{{WikiDoc Sources}}
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Infectious disease]]
 
[[Category:Needs overview]]
[[Category:Needs overview]]

Latest revision as of 17:31, 18 September 2017

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Epidemiology and Demographics

In the Old World (Eastern Hemisphere), CL is found in parts of the Middle East, Asia (particularly southwest and central Asia), Africa (particularly the tropical region and North Africa), and southern Europe. In the New World (Western Hemisphere), CL is found in parts of Mexico, Central America, and South America. Occasional cases have been reported in Texas and Oklahoma. CL is not found in Chile, Uruguay, or Canada. Overall, CL is found in focal areas of about 90 countries. Most (>90%) of the world’s cases of CL occur in 10 countries: Afghanistan, Algeria, Iran, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, and Syria in the Old World; and Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, and Peru in the New World.

The geographic distribution of cases of CL evaluated in countries such as the United States reflects travel and immigration patterns. More than 75% of the cases diagnosed in US civilians have been acquired in Latin America, including popular tourist destinations such as Costa Rica. Cases in US service personnel reflect military activities (in Iraq, for example). CL is usually more common in rural than urban areas, but it is found in some periurban and urban areas (such as in Baghdad, Iraq, and Kabul, Afghanistan). The ecologic settings range from rainforests to arid regions.

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