Smallpox history and symptoms: Difference between revisions
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__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{Smallpox}} | {{Smallpox}} | ||
{{CMG}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{JS}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
[[Symptoms]] of [[smallpox]] progress in a typical fashion and some of its common [[symptoms]] may include high [[fever]], [[rash]] (initially in the [[oral mucosa]], followed by the [[skin]]), [[malaise]], [[fatigue]], [[muscle pain]] and [[vomiting]]. | |||
==History== | ==History== | ||
In 90% of the cases, patients presented with ''ordinary [[smallpox]]''. Commonly there is a family member, or close contact, with the disease. ''Ordinary [[smallpox]]'' progresses according to the following periods:<ref name="MooreSeward2006">{{cite journal|last1=Moore|first1=Zack S|last2=Seward|first2=Jane F|last3=Lane|first3=J Michael|title=Smallpox|journal=The Lancet|volume=367|issue=9508|year=2006|pages=425–435|issn=01406736|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68143-9}}</ref><ref name=CDC>{{cite web | title = Smallpox disease overview | url = http://www.bt.cdc.gov/agent/smallpox/overview/disease-facts.asp }}</ref> | |||
===Incubation period=== | |||
* Duration approximately 12 - 14 days | |||
* [[Asymptomatic]] | |||
* Noncontagious | |||
===Prodrome period=== | |||
Commonly patients feel very ill during this period. | |||
* Duration approximately 2 - 4 days | |||
* Sometime [[contagious]] | |||
* Abrupt onset of [[fever]] | |||
* [[Malaise]] | |||
* [[Muscle pain]] and [[headache]] | |||
* [[Abdominal pain]] | |||
* [[Vomiting]] | |||
===Early rash === | |||
* Duration approximately 4 days | |||
* Most [[contagious]] stage | |||
* [[Rash]] as small red spots in the [[mouth]], [[tongue]] and [[oropharynx]] | |||
* [[Rash]] turns into sores releasing the [[virus]] | |||
* [[Rash]] appears on the [[skin]], starting on the face, moving towards arms and hands, eventually spreading to the rest of the body within 24-48 hours (centrifugal fashion) | |||
* At this time, [[fever]] usually falls and the person feels better | |||
* At the 3rd day of [[rash]], it turns into raised bumps | |||
* At the 4th day of [[rash]], bumps are filled with fluid, with a central depression | |||
* [[Fever]] will then raise again, until scabs are formed | |||
===Pustular rash=== | |||
* Duration approximately 5 days | |||
* [[Contagious]] | |||
* Bumps turn into [[pustules]] | |||
===Pustules and scabs=== | |||
* Duration approximately 5 days | |||
* [[Contagious]] | |||
* Variable number of pustules, up to a few thousand | |||
* [[Pustules]] first form a crust and than a scab | |||
===Resolving scabs=== | |||
* Duration approximately 6 days | |||
* [[Contagious]], until all scabs have fallen | |||
* Scabs start to fall leaving scars on the [[skin]] | |||
* Most scabs will have fallen 3 weeks after start of rash | |||
===Resolved scabs=== | |||
* All scabs have fallen | |||
* Person is no longer [[contagious]] | |||
Throughout these stages, the [[skin]] lesions are all at the same level of development, among different parts of the body. | |||
==Common Symptoms== | ==Common Symptoms== | ||
| Line 13: | Line 64: | ||
* [[Backache]] | * [[Backache]] | ||
* [[Headache]] | * [[Headache]] | ||
* [[Delirium]] | * [[Delirium]] | ||
* [[Diarrhea]] | * [[Diarrhea]] | ||
| Line 19: | Line 69: | ||
* [[Fever]] | * [[Fever]] | ||
* [[Rash]]: | * [[Rash]]: | ||
:*Initially in the mouth, later turning into sores | |||
:*Followed by [[skin rash]] | |||
*[[Pharyngitis]] | *[[Pharyngitis]] | ||
==Less Common Symptoms== | ==Less Common Symptoms== | ||
* [[Manic depression]] | |||
* [[Hallucinations]] | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
| Line 30: | Line 83: | ||
[[Category:Needs overview]] | [[Category:Needs overview]] | ||
[[Category:Disease]] | [[Category:Disease]] | ||
[[Category:Pediatrics]] | [[Category:Pediatrics]] | ||
[[Category:Smallpox]] | [[Category:Smallpox]] | ||
Latest revision as of 19:04, 18 September 2017
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Smallpox Microchapters |
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Case Studies |
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Smallpox history and symptoms On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Smallpox history and symptoms |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Smallpox history and symptoms |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: João André Alves Silva, M.D. [2]
Overview
Symptoms of smallpox progress in a typical fashion and some of its common symptoms may include high fever, rash (initially in the oral mucosa, followed by the skin), malaise, fatigue, muscle pain and vomiting.
History
In 90% of the cases, patients presented with ordinary smallpox. Commonly there is a family member, or close contact, with the disease. Ordinary smallpox progresses according to the following periods:[1][2]
Incubation period
- Duration approximately 12 - 14 days
- Asymptomatic
- Noncontagious
Prodrome period
Commonly patients feel very ill during this period.
- Duration approximately 2 - 4 days
- Sometime contagious
- Abrupt onset of fever
- Malaise
- Muscle pain and headache
- Abdominal pain
- Vomiting
Early rash
- Duration approximately 4 days
- Most contagious stage
- Rash as small red spots in the mouth, tongue and oropharynx
- Rash turns into sores releasing the virus
- Rash appears on the skin, starting on the face, moving towards arms and hands, eventually spreading to the rest of the body within 24-48 hours (centrifugal fashion)
- At this time, fever usually falls and the person feels better
- At the 3rd day of rash, it turns into raised bumps
- At the 4th day of rash, bumps are filled with fluid, with a central depression
- Fever will then raise again, until scabs are formed
Pustular rash
- Duration approximately 5 days
- Contagious
- Bumps turn into pustules
Pustules and scabs
- Duration approximately 5 days
- Contagious
- Variable number of pustules, up to a few thousand
- Pustules first form a crust and than a scab
Resolving scabs
- Duration approximately 6 days
- Contagious, until all scabs have fallen
- Scabs start to fall leaving scars on the skin
- Most scabs will have fallen 3 weeks after start of rash
Resolved scabs
- All scabs have fallen
- Person is no longer contagious
Throughout these stages, the skin lesions are all at the same level of development, among different parts of the body.
Common Symptoms
- Initially in the mouth, later turning into sores
- Followed by skin rash
Less Common Symptoms
References
- ↑ Moore, Zack S; Seward, Jane F; Lane, J Michael (2006). "Smallpox". The Lancet. 367 (9508): 425–435. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68143-9. ISSN 0140-6736.
- ↑ "Smallpox disease overview".