Traveler's diarrhea history and symptoms: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
History-taking should focus on the presence of risk factors for the development of traveler's diarrhea. A positive history of recent travel to a developing country within the past month is required for the diagnosis of traveler's diarrhea. Symptoms of traveler's diarrhea include [[diarrhea]] (either [[watery diarrhea|watery]] or [[bloody diarrhea|bloody]]), [[nausea]], [[vomiting]], [[abdominal pain]], and [[bloating]] with or without [[fever]]. Less common symptoms may be related to complications of traveler's diarrhea and may include [[bruising|spontaneous bruising]], [[oliguria]]/[[anuria]], and [[Hematuria|painless gross hematuria]]. | Traveler’s diarrhea is a clinical diagnosis. It is diagnosed when the following criteria are met: passage of ≥3 unformed stools per day plus ≥1 associated enteric symptoms, such as abdominal pain or cramps, occurring in a traveler after arrival, usually in a resource-limited destination. History-taking should focus on the presence of risk factors for the development of traveler's diarrhea.<ref name=CDC>{{cite web |url=http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2016/the-pre-travel-consultation/travelers-diarrhea |title=Traveler's Diarrhea|last1=Connor |first1=Bradley A.|date=2015|website=www.cdc.gov |publisher=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |access-date=March 1, 2016}}</ref> A positive history of recent travel to a developing country within the past month is required for the diagnosis of traveler's diarrhea. Symptoms of traveler's diarrhea include [[diarrhea]] (either [[watery diarrhea|watery]] or [[bloody diarrhea|bloody]]), [[nausea]], [[vomiting]], [[abdominal pain]], and [[bloating]] with or without [[fever]]. Less common symptoms may be related to complications of traveler's diarrhea and may include [[bruising|spontaneous bruising]], [[oliguria]]/[[anuria]], and [[Hematuria|painless gross hematuria]]. | ||
==History== | ==History== | ||
History-taking should focus on the presence of risk factors for the development of traveler's diarrhea: | *Traveler's diarrhea is defined as the passage of ≥3 unformed stools per day plus ≥1 associated enteric symptoms, such as abdominal pain or cramps, occurring in a traveler after arrival, usually in a resource-limited destination.<ref name=CDC>{{cite web |url=http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2016/the-pre-travel-consultation/travelers-diarrhea |title=Traveler's Diarrhea|last1=Connor |first1=Bradley A.|date=2015|website=www.cdc.gov |publisher=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |access-date=March 1, 2016}}</ref> | ||
*'''History of recent travel to developing country (typically within the past month)''' (recent | *History-taking should focus on the presence of risk factors for the development of traveler's diarrhea: | ||
*Immunocompromised status | :*'''History of recent travel to developing country (typically within the past month)''' (recent travel is required for the diagnosis of traveler's diarrhea) | ||
*Pregnancy | :*Immunocompromised status | ||
*Recent ingestion of uncooked or poorly handled vegetables, meat / poultry, raw milk, or poorly stored foods that require refrigerators (e.g. mayonnaise) | :*Pregnancy | ||
*Recent drinking from untreated water (e.g. stream or well) | :*Recent ingestion of uncooked or poorly handled vegetables, meat / poultry, raw milk, or poorly stored foods that require refrigerators (e.g. mayonnaise) | ||
*Exposure to daycare | :*Recent drinking from untreated water (e.g. stream or well) | ||
*Exposure to healthcare settings (e.g. nursing homes or hospitals) | :*Exposure to daycare | ||
*Exposure to contacts with similar symptoms | :*Exposure to healthcare settings (e.g. nursing homes or hospitals) | ||
*Recent history of receptive anal or oral-anal contact | :*Exposure to contacts with similar symptoms | ||
:*Recent history of receptive anal or oral-anal contact | |||
==Symptoms== | ==Symptoms== | ||
===Common Symptoms=== | ===Common Symptoms=== | ||
Common symptoms of traveler's diarrhea include: | Common symptoms of traveler's diarrhea include:<ref name=CDC>{{cite web |url=http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2016/the-pre-travel-consultation/travelers-diarrhea |title=Traveler's Diarrhea|last1=Connor |first1=Bradley A.|date=2015|website=www.cdc.gov |publisher=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |access-date=March 1, 2016}}</ref> | ||
*[[Fever]] | *[[Fever]] | ||
*Sudden-onset, mild/severe [[diarrhea]] that may either be watery or bloody | *Sudden-onset, mild/severe [[diarrhea]] that may either be watery or bloody (typically defined as ≥3 unformed stools per day) | ||
*[[Bloating]] | *[[Bloating]] | ||
*[[Abdominal pain|Diffuse, cramping abdominal pain]] | *[[Abdominal pain|Diffuse, cramping abdominal pain]] | ||
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[[Category:Foodborne illnesses]] | [[Category:Foodborne illnesses]] | ||
[[Category:Water-borne diseases]] | [[Category:Water-borne diseases]] | ||
[[Category:Emergency medicine]] | [[Category:Emergency medicine]] | ||
[[Category:Disease]] | [[Category:Disease]] | ||
Latest revision as of 19:00, 18 September 2017
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Traveler's diarrhea history and symptoms On the Web |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Traveler's diarrhea history and symptoms |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Yazan Daaboul, M.D.; Serge Korjian M.D.
Overview
Traveler’s diarrhea is a clinical diagnosis. It is diagnosed when the following criteria are met: passage of ≥3 unformed stools per day plus ≥1 associated enteric symptoms, such as abdominal pain or cramps, occurring in a traveler after arrival, usually in a resource-limited destination. History-taking should focus on the presence of risk factors for the development of traveler's diarrhea.[1] A positive history of recent travel to a developing country within the past month is required for the diagnosis of traveler's diarrhea. Symptoms of traveler's diarrhea include diarrhea (either watery or bloody), nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and bloating with or without fever. Less common symptoms may be related to complications of traveler's diarrhea and may include spontaneous bruising, oliguria/anuria, and painless gross hematuria.
History
- Traveler's diarrhea is defined as the passage of ≥3 unformed stools per day plus ≥1 associated enteric symptoms, such as abdominal pain or cramps, occurring in a traveler after arrival, usually in a resource-limited destination.[1]
- History-taking should focus on the presence of risk factors for the development of traveler's diarrhea:
- History of recent travel to developing country (typically within the past month) (recent travel is required for the diagnosis of traveler's diarrhea)
- Immunocompromised status
- Pregnancy
- Recent ingestion of uncooked or poorly handled vegetables, meat / poultry, raw milk, or poorly stored foods that require refrigerators (e.g. mayonnaise)
- Recent drinking from untreated water (e.g. stream or well)
- Exposure to daycare
- Exposure to healthcare settings (e.g. nursing homes or hospitals)
- Exposure to contacts with similar symptoms
- Recent history of receptive anal or oral-anal contact
Symptoms
Common Symptoms
Common symptoms of traveler's diarrhea include:[1]
- Fever
- Sudden-onset, mild/severe diarrhea that may either be watery or bloody (typically defined as ≥3 unformed stools per day)
- Bloating
- Diffuse, cramping abdominal pain
- Anorexia
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Tenesmus
- Thirst
- Dizziness
Less Common Symptoms
Less common symptoms of traveler's diarrhea are related to the development of complications. Symptoms may include:
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Connor, Bradley A. (2015). "Traveler's Diarrhea". www.cdc.gov. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved March 1, 2016.