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{{DiseaseDisorder infobox |
__NOTOC__
'''For patient information click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]]'''
{{Infobox Disease |
   Name        = {{PAGENAME}} |
   Name        = {{PAGENAME}} |
   Image      = Yaws 01.jpg |
   Image      = Yaws 01.jpg |
   Caption    = Nodules on the elbow resulting from a ''Treponema pertenue'' bacterial infection. |
   Caption    = Nodules on the elbow resulting from a ''Treponema pertenue'' bacterial infection. |
  ICD10      = {{ICD10|A|66||a|60}} |
  ICD9        = {{ICD9|102}} |
}}
}}
{{SI}}
{{Yaws}}


{{EH}}
{{CMG}}; '''Associate Editor-In-Chief:''' {{CZ}}
==Overview==
'''Yaws''' (also '''Pétasse tropica''', '''thymosis''', '''polypapilloma tropicum''' or '''pian''') is a tropical [[infection]] of the [[skin]], [[bone]]s and joints caused by the [[spirochete]] [[bacterium]] ''Treponema pertenue''. Other treponematosis diseases are [[bejel]] (''Treponema endemicum''), [[pinta (disease)|pinta]] (''Treponema carateum''), [[syphilis]] (''Treponema pallidum''), and [[Lyme Disease]] (''Borrelia burgdorferi'')


==Epidemiology==
{{SK}} Frambesia tropica; petasse tropica; thymosis; polypapilloma tropicum; pian
The disease is transmitted by skin contact with infected individuals or eye gnats, the spirochete entering through an existing cut or similar damage. Within ninety days (but usually less than a month) of infection a painless but distinctive 'mother yaw' [[ulcer]] appears. These tracts heal with [[keloid]] formation which can cause deformities, disabilities and limb contractures. The bone lesions caused are [[periostitis]], osteitis, and [[osteomyelitis]], damage to the [[tibia]] can lead to a condition known as sabre shins. In a very few cases a condition known as ''goundou'' is caused where growths on the nasal maxillae can result in extensive and severe damage to the nose and palate.


The largest group afflicted by yaws are children aged 6 to 10 years in tropical areas of the Americas, Africa, Asia or Oceania. There were [[World Health Organization]] funded campaigns against yaws from 1954 to 1963 which greatly reduced the incidence of the disease, although more recently numbers have risen again.
==[[Yaws overview|Overview]]==


The disease is identified from blood tests or by a lesion sample through a darkfield examination under a microscope. Treatment is by a single dose of [[penicillin]], [[erythromycin]] or [[tetracycline]], recurrence or relapse is uncommon.
==[[Yaws historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]==


Examination of ancient remains has led to the suggestion that yaws has affected hominids for the last 1.5 million years. The current name is believed to be of Carib origin, "yaya" meaning sore; frambesia is a Modern Latin word inspired by the French word ''Pétasse'' ("raspberry").
==[[Yaws classification|Classification]]==


==Occurrence==
==[[Yaws pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==


Yaws was nearly eradicated by a worldwide treatment program in the 1950s, which reduced the number of sufferers of yaws from an estimated 50 million to nearly zero. However, the [[World Health Organization]] reported in January 2007 that yaws is on the rise again, with roughly a half a million sufferers, mostly in poor, rural areas.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,246758,00.html|publisher=[[Associated Press]]|date=[[January 25]], [[2007]]|accessdate=2007-01-25|title=WHO: Flesh-Eating Disease Making Comeback}}</ref>
==[[Yaws causes|Causes]]==
 
==[[Yaws differential diagnosis|Differentiating Yaws from other Diseases]]==
 
==[[Yaws epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==
 
==[[Yaws risk factors|Risk Factors]]==
==[[Yaws screening|Screening]]==
 
==[[Yaws natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==
 
==Diagnosis==
 
[[Yaws history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Yaws physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Yaws laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Yaws other imaging findings|Other Imaging Findings]] | [[Yaws other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]]
 
==Treatment==
 
[[Yaws medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Yaws primary prevention|Primary Prevention]] | [[Yaws secondary prevention|Secondary Prevention]] | [[Yaws cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]] | [[Yaws future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]]
 
==Case Studies==
[[Yaws case study one|Case #1]]


== References ==
<references/>
* McNeill, Katie H. "''Plagues and People''." Bantam Doubleday Dell Publishing Group, Inc., New York, NY, 1976, ISBN 0-385-12122-9.
{{Spirochetal diseases}}
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[[fr:Pian (médecine)]]
[[fr:Pian (médecine)]]
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[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Bacterial diseases]]
[[Category:Bacterial diseases]]
[[Category:Infectious disease]]
 


[[pl:Malinica]]
[[pl:Malinica]]

Latest revision as of 19:29, 18 September 2017

For patient information click here

Yaws
Nodules on the elbow resulting from a Treponema pertenue bacterial infection.

Yaws Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Yaws from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

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Risk calculators and risk factors for Yaws

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]

Synonyms and keywords: Frambesia tropica; petasse tropica; thymosis; polypapilloma tropicum; pian

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Yaws from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | Other Imaging Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention | Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1


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